جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Silicon » در نشریات گروه « گیاهپزشکی »

Tomato leaf curl Palampur virus (ToLCPalV) is a destructive bipartite begomovirus which recently is responsible for huge losses to tomato and cucurbits production in Iran. In this research, the effect of the silicon element, growth regulators including salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MJ), brassinosteroids (BR), silicon element (Si) and their interactions to response of ToLCPalV infection of the greenhouse cucumber was studied. The study was performed as factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design and carried out under greenhouse conditions in pots. Before planting, cucumber seeds were presoaked separately in SA (0.5 millimolar), MJ (5 micromolar) and BR (1 micromolar). Subsequently, two or three-leaf stage of cucumber seedlings was sprayed by Si solution (1 ml/lit), one week before agroinoculation with ToLCPalV infectious clone. To analyze morphological and chemical characteristics, plant growth parameters including fresh weight and plant height parameters and amount of the catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase enzymes were assessed 30 days post agroinoculation with ToLCPalV infectious clone. Results indicated that, SA and combination of MJ+Si and BR+Si treatments resulted in raising the enzyme levels which leads to delay in appearance of ToLCPalV symptoms and decrease fresh weight and plant height parameters of plants. Based on the results of this research, application of plant growth regulators with or without silicon element including SA, MJ, MJ+Si and BR+Si could be resulted in increasing resistance in greenhouse cucumber against ToLCPalV infection.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of silicon and its formulations on biological parameters and Tetranychus urticae sphincter density on five bean cultivars. The research is a laboratory study that was carried out in a factorial design (first factor Bean cultivar and second type of silicone consumed). The tested bean cultivars consist of five varieties of red bean, black bean, white, black and white beans. For the experiment, for each bean variety, 20 pots are considered (totally 100 pots). The silicon compounds used in the experiments include silicone fluid fertilizer, liquid potassium silicate, powder calcium silicate. From each of 20 pots of a bean cultivar, 5 pots were considered as controls, and 5 pots of liquid potassium silicate, 5 pots of powdered calcium silicate and finally on the last 5 pots of liquid fertilizer based on silicon. . Then 10 leaves of each pot are placed in a petri dish and placed on the leaves of 50 equally male and female mats, and the petri dishes are incubated at 25 ± 5 ° C and The relative humidity was 60 ± 10%. Then, in 18 days, the number of adult mites on the back and back of each leaf of each petri and the number of eggs on the back and back of them were counted with anatomical microscope, and the biological parameters and survival percentage of each stage of growth The available varieties of each bean variety were studied under a special silicone composition until the death of the last mite. SPSS-23 software was used for data analysis and Excel charts were used to draw tables charts. The results indicate that the most effective use of silicon and formulations in bean breeding, including siliciculous liquid fertilizer, liquid potassium silicate, powdered calcium silicate, has been shown to decrease the survival or survival ratio and life expectancy and decrease Turning eggs into larvae, and turning larvae into nymphs, and turning nymphs into mites.

Sugarcane (interspecific hybrids of Saccharum) is a strategically important cash crop that has an economic and social impact in many countries. Sugarcane mite, Oligonychus sacchari is one of the most detrimental arthropod pests associated with sugarcane during summer. Control of this pest is mainly based on chemical pesticides and cultural practices as well as the application of silicon as a nutritional component of an integrated crop management. In this study, effects of silicon were evaluated on O. sacchari. Experiments were carried out during 2014–2015 and 2015– 2016 at Salman Farsi Agro Industry Farms, Ahwaz-Iran. The two varieties (CP57-614 and CP48-103) were treated by silicic acid fertilizer as foliar application. Five treatments including one spray (0.5 lit/ha), two sprays (0.5 and 1 lit/ha 3 weeks after spray 1), three sprays (0.5, 1 and 1 lit/ha 4 weeks after spray 2), four sprays (0.5, 1, 1 and 1 lit/ha 4 weeks after spray 3) and Control were applied. In each plot, 15 leaves were randomly selected from bottom, mid and top of plant and number of living mites and dry leaves were recorded. Samples were collected 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after the forth application of silicic acid. The results showed that all treatments had significant effects in mite population and leaf dryness versus Control. Among different treatments of silicic acid, four spray application of silicic acid was more efficient than other treatments on mite damage and leaf dryness. It seems that the silicic acid would be a promising product for management of mite damage and could be incorporated with other management strategies in sugarcane IPM.

In order to study the effects of foliar application of Si (5/1000 ratio), K (2/1000 ratio) and Zn (2/1000 ratio) on rice (cv. Tarom Hashem), an on-farm experiment carried out based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2012. Some traits such as paddy yield and yield components, neck blast disease and stem borer damage were evaluated. Results showed that the effect of foliar application in terms of all traits except panicle length, 1000 grain weight and tiller number were significantly different than control. Mean comparison showed that the highest paddy yield (4518 kg ha-1), grain number per panicle (185.2), filled grains (174.6), panicle fertility percentage (94.3%) and the lowest sterile grain number per panicle (10.6), blast disease (3%) and stem borer (0.3% death heart and 1.2 % white head) were obtained in Si application. A negative and significant correlation was observed between filled grain number and blast damage percentage (r=-0.71**), percentage of stem borer infection (r=-0.72**) and percentage of white head (r=-0.89). According to results it seems that foliar spraying of Zn, Si and K had a positive effect on grain yield (closely increase 2-14%) and also suppress stem borer (closely 9-87%) and neck panicle blast (closely 27-87%) as compared to control. In conclusion, Si foliar application had the most positive effect rather than Zn and K.