جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "lecithin" در نشریات گروه "علوم دام"

The particle size and physical form of fat supplements are effective factors in the digestibility of nutrients, fatty acids, and some blood parameters in dairy cows. This research aims to investigate the effect of a feeding fat supplement containing an additive (lecithin or bile powder) with the physical form of flake or granule on the apparent digestibility of nutrients and some blood parameters in Holstein dairy cows. 48 lactating cows were used during two experimental periods in a 2x3x2 completely randomized factorial design and randomly grouped into 6 experimental treatments: 1. Control diet + 2.5% granulated fat supplement, 2. Control diet + 2.5% granulated fat supplement containing 5% lecithin 3. Control diet + 2.5% granulated fat supplement containing 5% bile powder 4. Control diet + 2.5% Flaked fat supplement 5. Control diet + 2.5% Flaked fat supplement containing 5% lecithin and 6. Control diet + 2.5% Flaked fat supplement containing 5% bile powder. All the experimental diets were balanced according to the recommendations of the National Research Association. All data were analyzed by statistical software. The digestibility of the ether extract, total fatty acids, 16 and 18-carbon fatty acids, as well as the plasma concentration of NEFA, triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL, and VLDL were increased in the treatments containing the additives (P ≥ 0.05). The addition of emulsifying ingredients to the fat supplement of the high-production dairy cow diet may have positive effects on the digestibility of some nutrients and lipid metabolism.

In this study, the effect of silymarin powder (SMP), nano-silymarin (NSM), and lecithinized silymarin (LSM) were considered on shell quality, carcass characteristics, some blood biochemical parameters, concentration of calcium, and phosphorus bone and iNOS gene expression in older laying hens. Materials and methods Seventy 80-weeks Lohmann LSL-Lite hens were allocated to 7 treatments with 10 replicates. Treatments included: 1) diet without silymarin (control), 2) daily intake of 100 mg SMP/kg body weight (BW), 3) daily intake of 200 mg SMP/kg BW, 4) daily intake of 100 mg NSM/kg BW, 5) daily intake of 200 mg NSM/kg BW, 6) daily intake of 100 mg LSM/kg BW, and 7) daily intake of 200 mg LSM/kg BW. The results indicated that all groups receiving silymarin showed an decrease in serum cholesterol content than the control (p <0.05) except those fed the SMP 100 diet. There were a decreases in iNOS gene expression in birds fed the NSM and LSM diets compared to control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the effects of silymarin were more pronounced when converted to NSM or LSM and offered at the highest level (p <0.05). Overally, diet supplementation with 200 mg/kg BW of NSM or LSM to have been able to reduce blood lipids and iNOS gene expression.

Different compounds such as soy lecithin have been used in the sperm freezing of different species. Repeated freezing was less considered in farm animals and doing this proccess could be valuable for the rare breeds. Inorder to investigate the effect of lecithin and glycerol on sperm quality in repeated freezing and thawing, frozen bull sperm straws were thawed and the previous diluent eleminated. Then, the sperms were diluted in Tris buffer freezing extender containing different concentrations of glycerol (3, 5 and 7%) and soya lecithin (1% and 2%) and were frozen again. After two weeks, the sperms were thawed and sperm characteristics were evaluated immediately after thawing and up to two hours incubation at 40 °C. The results indicated that treatments containing 5% glycerol with one percentage lecithin (G5L1) and 3% glycerol with 2% lecithin (G3L2) had the highest and the lowest percentage of motility, viability and membrane integrity of sperm, immediately after thawing and one hour incubation at 40 °C respectively. The percentage of motile and viable sperms in G5L1 treatment was significantly higher (P <0.05) than the control group after 2 hours of incubation at 40 °C but sperm membrane integrity did not have significant difference with the control group (P>0.05). In general, the results showed that using 5% glycerol with 1% can improve the sperm characteristics in repeated freezing and thawing.

The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effect of coenzyme Q10 on ram semen quality after the freezing-thawing process. Five Ghezel rams were used for sperm collection twice a week in five replicates. This experiment consisted of 5 treatments, coenzyme Q10 at four levels (0.5, 1, 2 and 2.5 μmol) and control group (without antioxidant). In this study, motility, viability, membrane integrity, abnormality parameters of sperm, malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity were measured following freeze-thawing. The results showed that the total motility in samples with 0.5 and 1 μM of coenzyme Q10 antioxidant was significantly higher than the control group (p

This study was designed to investigate the effects of various concentrations of egg yolk (5, 10, 15 and 20%) and Lecithin (1, 1.5 and 2%) in the extenders based on tris (with 5% glycerol) on the Marghoz goat spermatozoa after freezing-thawing. Semen samples were collected by an artificial vagina, twice a week from four matured goat.The extender containing semen was frozen in liquid nitrogen and then was stored until using for assessment. Semen was thawed at 37◦C and then motility and progressive motility were assessed by CASA. Membrane integrity and viability,morphology were assessed as well and Malondialdehiyde (MDA) were were assessed as well. The results of this experiment showed that extender containing 15% egg yolk and 1.5% Lecithin significantly improved motility, progressivemotility and viability compare to other levels (P 0.05). It can be concluded that use of 15% egg yolk in animal extender and 1.5% Lecithin in vegetable extender is suitable for cryopreservation of Marghoz goat semen.

The Effect of various amount of soybean lecithin replaced with egg yolk to protect the ram semen in times of one hour after semen collection, as well as 24 and 48 hours after the semen store at 5°C was evaluated. Semen was collected weekly for 8 weeks from 10 rams with 2-3 years old and average body weights of 64 kg. Semen samples were pooled and divided into 4 parts. Each part was diluted with one of the tris base extender containing 0.5, 1 and 1.5 percent of soybean lecithin and 14 percent of egg yolk. The motility, viability, morphological abnormalities and membrane integrity of spermatozoa and pH of semen were evaluated. The results showed that 1.5 percent of soybean lecithin improved the motility and viability of spermatozoa at the first time (P

Introduction Using vegetable oils and animal fats in poultry diets have beneficial effects for poultry production. They often have higher biological value than expected, increasing dietary metabolizable energy, which usually results in higher growth rates and better feed efficiency. Sterol-regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) play a key role in transcriptional regulation of cholesterol metabolism in response to cholesterol levels in the cell. This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of soy-lecithin, soy-oil and tallow on performance and expression of SREBP-1 gene in the liver of broiler chickens.
Materials and methods A total of 768 male broiler chickens (Ross 308 strain) were used in a completely randomized design as a 3 × 4 factorial arrangement with 4 replicates and 16 chicks per each. Broiler chickens were fed with three types of fat (soy-lecithin, soy-oil and or tallow) and four levels of fat (0, 1, 2, and 3) from day 1 to day 42. Experimental diets were formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous. At 42 d, liver samples of birds washed with normal saline, put into the liquid nitrogen tank and transferred to -80°C freezer. Relative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to assess HSP70 gene expression in the heart and liver of broiler chickens. Total RNAs were extracted from the homogenised tissues using high pure RNA isolation kit (Roche, Basel, Switzerland). RNA concentration was assayed by spectrophotometer nano-drop (MD-1000) in wavelength of 260/280 nm. Synthesis of cDNA was done by gene PAK RT universal kit (Fermentas, Hanover, MD, USA), with reverse specific primer and hexanucleotide random primer. Genotype and sequence of the primers of B-actin and SREBP-1 was collected from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (Bethesda, MD, USA). Then, specific primers were designed by primer-5 software and examined by BLAST for checking the specificity of primers. Synthesis of the primers was done by Sigma Company. Qualitative PCR showed that primers designed well and there was no non-specific band or primer dimer (Figures 1 and 2). Optimization of annealing temperature was examined with melting curve by applied biosystems-7300 RT-PCR system. The highest ∆Rn and the lowest Ct were considered to determine the optimum annealing temperature, which was 62°C for both genes. The optimum level of primers was 0.15 µL. Real time PCR was executed in triplicate. Reaction conditions were 45 cycles of a three phase PCR (denaturation at 95°C for 15 s; annealing at 62°C for 30 s; extension at 72°C for 30 s) after an initial denaturation step (95°C for 10 min). In real-time assay, a melt curve analysis, performed at the end of the PCR cycles, will confirm specificity of primer annealing. The thermal profile for melting curve is 95°C for 15 s, 60°C for 1 min; 95°C for 15 s and 60°C for 15 s. The efficiency calibrated model is a more generalized ∆∆Ct model. In this model, Ct is the sign of the first cycle that amplification curve begins to rise. The model considers both Ct of target gene and also Ct of reference gene or housekeeping gene. ∆Ct for each target gene is then calculated by subtracting the Ct number of target gene from that of housekeeping gene for each sample. ∆∆Ct for each gene was calculated by subtracting the ∆Ct of target sample from that of control sample.
Results and discussion Soy-lecithin improved birds’ average daily feed intake and average daily body weight gain during the whole experimental period (PConclusion Since dietary soy-lecithin had a similar growth performance compared to soy oil, it can be included as an energy source in broiler chickens diets. Further studies should be done to clear the physiological mechanisms of soy-lecithin on birds’ performance.

The goal of this study was the evaluation of semen extender filtration on post-thawed buck sperm quality. A total 16 ejaculates were collected from four buck (4 ejaculates from each buck) twice a week. After semen collection and primary evaluation، collected semen samples were pooled and divided into two equal parts. Each part was diluted with one of the following extenders: 1) non-filtered lecithin-based extender and 2) filtered lecithin-based extender. After thawing، sperm motility and velocity parameters، plasma membrane integrity and functionality، MDA level، acrosome integrity، and apoptosis features were evaluated. The obtained results showed that all evaluated parameters، with exception of LIN، did not alter by both extenders (p > 0. 05). In conclusion، it seems that filtration of lecithin-based semen extender have no detrimental effect on in vitro sperm quality parameters. However، more study is required to reveal the effect of extender filtration on advance in vitro assessments and fertility

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of emulsifiers such as lecithin and bile salts on broilers performances fed diet containing vegetable fats. 192 male Ross broiler chickens were randomly allocated in a factorial experiment design of 3 × 2، consisting two sources of fat (four percent fatty acids or soy bean oil) and three emulsifiers (none، one percent lecithin and 0. 05 percent bile salts) in completely randomized design with four replicates and eight birds per each. Total weight gain and feed conversion ratio was not affected by fat sources while soya oil addition to diets increased feed intake (P<0. 05). Emulsifiers’ addition to diet improved weight gain feed conversion ratio (P 0. 05). The length and width of villi in jejunum، and crypt depths in duodenum were not affected by fat sources، while، crypt depth in jejunum and width of villi in ileum of birds fed on diets containing fatty acid were higher than other birds (P<0. 05). Addition of emulsifiers to diets increased dietary metabolisable energy (P<0. 05). In conclusion، addition lecithin or bile salts to diets containing soybean oil or its fatty acids، improved body weight gain and feed conversion ratio in broiler chicks by increasing in absorption area of intestine and dietary metabolisable energy.