جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "عملکرد میوه" در نشریات گروه "منابع طبیعی"

A large part of Iran is affected by arid and semi-arid climate and drought has caused many problems in the agricultural sector. The present study aimed to investigate the characteristics of melon under drought stress conditions using animal manure and bentonite. This experiment was conducted as a split-factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Hirmand city, Iran, during the two cropping years of 2019-2020. Experimental treatments include irrigation after 25, 50, and 75% soil moisture discharge as the main plot and application of bentonite at levels of 2, 3, and 4 t.ha-1 and application of animal manure at the rate of 20, 30, and 40 ton.ha-1 were considered as subplots. According to the results, in the first year of the experiment, fruit yield increased by 2.02 times compared to the control under 50% soil moisture discharge with the application of 4 t.ha-1 of bentonite with 20 ton.ha-1 of animal manure. The results showed that the fruit yield in irrigation conditions after draining 50% of soil moisture with the application of 4 t.ha-1 of bentonite along with 20 ton.ha-1 of animal manure in the first year of the experiment with an average of 2.20 ton.ha-1 and 74.1% compared to the control showed an increase. In order to achieve higher fruit yield, irrigation after draining 50% of soil moisture, application of 4 t.ha-1 of bentonite and 20 ton.ha-1 of animal manure are suggested for cultivation in Hirmand region. In this experiment, the greater effectiveness of fruit weight and yield in the first year can be attributed to the faster growth of shoots and the availability of more nutrients due to the release of manure elements for plant use and the effect of soil interactions in the first year, and the improvement of physical conditions and Soil and plant chemistry in the second year under irrigation conditions after draining 50% of soil moisture. The reason for the higher fruit yield due to the consumption of animal manure can be the result of the vegetative growth caused by the increase in the availability of nutrients, which causes photosynthesis and the production of more photosynthetic substances, followed by the presence of more vascular elements to transfer the cultivated substances to the fruit of the plant. Based on the obtained results, the increase in drought stress increased the activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes, and the animal manure increased the activity of enzymes to defend the plant under drought stress conditions, in other words, the plant decomposes hydrogen peroxide and increases tolerance against radicals. The effect of animal manure on plant growth can be largely attributed to mineral nutrients, especially absorbed nitrogen. In addition to this, increasing the decomposition of organic materials and mineralization of phosphorus in organic materials and converting them into usable form for plants plays a key role in the soil phosphorus cycle, and along with the use of bentonite, it strengthens the physical, chemical and biological structure of the soil, and finally By increasing the amount of water and the availability of nutrients available to the plant, it has a positive effect on the process of photosynthesis and can increase the length and width of the fruit. According to the results of the experiment, in order to achieve the desired results, irrigation after draining 50% of the soil moisture, application of 4 tons per hectare of bentonite and 20 tons per hectare of manure are suggested for cultivation in Hirmand region.

Ziziphus mauritiana L., a perennial, evergreen plant from the Rhamnaceae family has 2n=2X=48 chromosomes. It is considered among the plants of tropical and semi-tropical regions, and its geographical distribution includes Abyssinia, North Africa, Arabia, warm parts of Iran and India. The spread of this plant in Iran is mostly in the western and southern regions, including the provinces of Lorestan, Khuzestan, Kerman and Sistan and Baluchistan. Ziziphus mauritiana L., is one of the most resistant fruit trees to harsh environmental conditions, especially drought, dehydration, salinity and high temperature. This plant is well adapted to different environmental conditions and grows from lowlands to heights of a thousand meters above sea level. Jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana L.) is one of the tropical and subtropical fruit trees resistant to rigorous environmental conditions, especially drought, dehydration, salinity and high temperature.

In order to carry out this research, the leaves, fruits and kernels of 14 Ziziphus mauritiana L., genotypes, which were implemented in Minab Agricultural Research Center (located in Hormozgan province) in 2012, in the form of a completely randomized block design with 3 replications, as mother trees supplying grafts were collected and evaluated in University of Zabol in 2016.  Sampling was done in two stages to measure quantitative traits. The first stage took place in the beginning of February 2016 to measure the traits related to the leaves and the second stage after the ripening of the fruit, in late March of the same year, to measure the traits related to the fruit and kernel. The genotypes that were examined in this experiment were named according to the name of each city or village from which they were collected.At the beginning of Bahman, which is the end of the flowering stage of the trees and the beginning of the beginning of closing the fruits, samples of fresh leaves of the trees were randomly taken from the middle parts, in three repetitions and each repetition included 20 samples (from 4 bases and 5 leaves per base). , were collected and during that traits such as leaf length (centimeters), leaf width (centimeters), leaf tail length (centimeters), fresh weight (grams) and leaf dry weight (grams) were measured and recorded. After the physiological ripening of the fruits, in late March (early fruits) to late April (late fruits), the samples were randomly collected in three groups of 10 healthy fruits that were harvested from different parts of the tree, and traits such as Fruit length (cm), fruit width (cm), fruit weight (grams), kernel length (cm), kernel width (cm), kernel thickness (cm), kernel fresh weight (grams), kernel dry weight (grams) , fruit flesh weight (grams) and production rate (kilograms) of each tree were measured.In this research, the morphological traits of leaf, fruit and core of 14 genotypes of jujube (available in south of Iran) has been evaluated using in a Completely random blockdesign with three replications.

Analysis of Variance showed that all the examined traits related to leaves between genotypes had a significant difference at the 1% probability level. Traits such as leaf length, leaf width and leaf tail length showed great variation due to the low coefficient of variation. Simple correlation coefficients revealed that there is a significant correlation between some of the measured traits. Therefore, there is a high correlation between leaf length and leaf width (+0.8), core width with core thickness (+0.87) and fresh leaf weight with fruit rate (-0.43). Considering that the genotypes along the Minab area (22.08) have the highest diversity in the traits, and in among the Minab area, the Talar genotype (18.81) has the highest diversity in the characteristics.In this study, 14 genotypes from different cities of the southern provinces of the country were investigated in the form of a completely randomized block design. After analyzing the data and that the main purpose of measuring the morphological traits was to identify the superior genotype or genotypes in order to use them in breeding programs, therefore some key traits such as leaf length and width, fruit shape, fruit flesh weight and the amount of tree production in Sal, which has the most diversity among the studied genotypes and has the highest percentage of diversity among all the examined traits, and finally understanding such a high diversity will be useful and effective in managing and preserving the germplasm of this plant and with Paying attention to the fact that the genotypes near the Minab region (22.08) have the highest diversity in the evaluated traits and in the Minab region, the Talar genotype (18.81) has the highest diversity in the evaluated characteristics, so it is suggested that in order to create a line or variety To be used in addition to Talar genotype as one of the main bases.

It is suggested that for the creation of the new or top line of jujube have to use the Talar genotype as one of the main foundations.

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is one of the most important crops in tropical and subtropical areas. Study of variation among existing varieties is essential for development of new varieties. This study was conducted to investigate the quantitative characteristics and trait correlations in 14 eggplant genotypes. The cultivars and genotypes were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications at research farm of Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University during 2018. Various traits including plant height, fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, day to 50 % flowering, number of branches per plant, fruit length, fruit diameter and fruit yield were measured. The results showed that there were significant differences among the genotypes for all measured traits at 1 % probability level. According to the results of mean comparisons AVF1 was identified as the best genotype with high fruit yield per plant. The study of trait correlations revealed that fruit yield had a positive and significant correlation with fruit weight, number of fruit per plant, number of branches per plant and fruit length. Using the stepwise regression analysis number of fruits per plant and fruit weight were selected as the significant variable in the model. The biplot analysis based on the first two components showed that there is a suitable genetic diversity among the studied genotypes, which can be used in eggplant breeding programs. Also, according to the direct relationship between the number of fruits per plant and the weight of fruit with fruit yield, these two characteristics can be used as a selection indicator to improve yield in eggplant.