جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « گندم » در نشریات گروه « منابع طبیعی »

The effect of no tillage, conservation and conventional tillage were investigated on some characteristics of soil, machine. This study was conducted in split plot design with three main treatments, three sub-treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of soil tillage methods in three levels: conventional tillage, minimum tillage and no tillage in the main plots and amount of plant residues in three levels including: without residues, retaining 30 percent and 60 percent of residues in the subplots. The results showed that No tillage and Minimum tillage significantly reduced fuel consumption (by a maximum of 76% and 60% reduction compared to the conventional method, respectively), a significant reduction in the maximum operating time 81% and 59%, the reduction of mechanical power used in land preparation and planting operations was at most 66% and 23%, and the reduction of the amount of plant residues returned to 82% and 39% respectively. The conventional tillage method compared to minimum tillage and no tillage significantly reduced the diameter of the soil clods by 21% and 35%, and increased the seed germination rate of seeds by a maximum of 2% and 5%. Soil tillage methods and amount of residues have a significant effect on soil penetration resistance.

Given the importance of salinity at the germination stage, this study was carried out with the aim of ‎investigating the diversity of germination traits in bread wheat 91 cultivars and 204 landraces along with ‎three control varieties (Sistan, Narin, and Arg) under salinity (60 and 120 mM NaCl) as a factorial ‎experiment in a completely randomized design with two replicates in petri dishes. There was a high ‎diversity between wheat genotypes in terms of shoot and root length of seeding, shoot-to-root length ‎ratio, germination index, and seed vigor under both sat stress conditions; while germination energy and ‎germination percentage had low variation. There was a positive significant correlation between all the ‎traits (except the root length of seeding and the shoot-to-root length ratio) under all three conditions ‎‎(control, 60 and 120 mM NaCl). From the factor analysis, the PC1 and PC2 under 60 mM NaCl ‎treatment were named as seedling weight and germination percentage, respectively. Under 120 mM ‎NaCl treatment, PC1 and PC2 were named as germination percentage and seedling weight, respectively. ‎Based on the biplot, IP624925, IP628189, and IP624838 landraces and ADL, AFLAK, KHAZAR1, and ‎RIJAW cultivars were identified as superior genotypes under 60 mM NaCl treatment. Moreover, ‎IP627103, IP624596, IP626566, IP625433, and IP628189 landraces and Shiroodi and Dastjerdi ‎cultivars were selected as superior genotypes under 120 mM NaCl treatment. Overall, the selected ‎genotypes were identified as genetic material with the potential of salinity tolerance based on ‎multivariate statistical analysis. ‎

The effect of no tillage, conservation and conventional tillage were investigated on some characteristics of soil and machine. This study was conducted in a split plot design with three main treatments, three sub-treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of soil tillage methods in three levels: conventional tillage, minimum tillage and no tillage in the main plots and the amount of plant residues in three levels including: without residues, retaining 30 percent and 60 percent of residues in the subplots. The results showed that no tillage and minimum tillage, significantly, reduce fuel consumption (by a maximum of 76% and 60% reduction compared to the conventional method, respectively). A significant reduction in the maximum operating time by 81% and 59% was seen. The reduction of mechanical power used in land preparation and planting operations was at most 66% and 23%, and the reduction of the amount of plant residues returned to 82% and 39%, respectively. The conventional tillage method compared to minimum tillage and no tillage, significantly, reduced the diameter of the soil clods by 21% and 35%, and increased the seed germination rate of seeds by a maximum of 2% and 5%. The soil tillage methods and amount of residues have a significant effect on the soil penetration resistance.

In order to investigate the effect of water deficit stress and sources of nitrogen fertilizer on germination quality and vigor of wheat seeds of Chamran cultivar, an experiment was conducted in Agricultural Research Center of Fars province. In this experiment, wheat seeds were first treated at three levels of water deficit stress (complete irrigation, water deficit stress in milky and rough stage) and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer sources (urea fertilizer 100% plant requirement, urea fertilizer 25% Along with nitroxin and nitrogen, 50% urea fertilizer with nitroxin and nitrogen, 75% urea fertilizer with nitroxin and nitrogen were produced. Then, the quality and vigor of the seeds were tested in two standard experiments of germination and accelerated aging in a factorial design with four replications. The results showed that the effect of experimental treatments on all measured traits except germination percentage was significant. Water deficit stress and sources of nitroxin and nitrogen fertilizer with 25% urea at the beginning of decline led to an increase in protein concentration (12.39%), but the lowest amount of starch (20.85 %) under the interaction of nitroxin and nitrogen fertilizer with 75% urea in 48 hours Deterioration was observed. Water deficit stress also increased the concentration of soluble sugars and decreased the grain alpha-amylase enzymes. Overall, the results of this study showed that the use of combined treatments of urea fertilizer and biofertilizers in stress conditions to feed the mother plant led to the production of seeds with higher vigor and more resistance to decay.

Objectives of this study, determine value of irrigated wheat seed in waste for processing line, determine of cost and benefit, determine Breakeven price and calculate of economic profitability indices of wheat seed processing lines in Ram Sanat Bahare in Alborz and Akyurek Technology in Kordestan provinces. This research carried out in 2018. Methodology of this study was profitability analysis by Economical engineering methods. According to the results, in Ram Sanat Bahare and Akyurek Technology, the gross value of process in waste of these lines was estimated 4.6 and 2.6 Iranian billion rials, Annual variables costs these lines was calculated 40.94 and 89.75 Iranian billion rials and the total gross value from sales of certifies seeded seeds sold and processed waste determined 55.2 and 104.8 Iranian billion rials, respectively. In Ram Sanat Bahare in Alborz, Breakeven price and gross margin of irrigated bread wheat (Pishgam cultivar) was estimated 14675 Iranian rial per kg and 14 Iranian billion rials, respectively. During (2017-2026), net present value (NPV) this line was 21.8 Iranian billion rials and benefit cost ratio was 1.05. In Akyurek Technology in Kordestan, Breakeven price and gross margin of dry bread wheat (Sardari cultivar) was estimated 17575.2 Iranian rial per kg and 20.34 Iranian billion rials, respectively. During analysis periods, net present value (NPV) this line was 98.7 Iranian billion rials and benefit cost ratio was 1.12. In general, the activity of wheat seed processing companies has been economic.

One of the most important issues that put a lot of pressure on the quality of the world’s environment is the phenomenon of desertification and land degradation. Irrigation with effluent can have the greatest impact on the physical and chemical properties of the soil. Heavy metals are the most important environmental pollutants that are found in large quantities in domestic and industrial waste water. These metals are important because of their physiological effects on soil, plants and living organisms even at very low concentrations. Therefore, in this study, the effect of organic adsorbents and nanomaterial’s on reducing concentrations Heavy metals in soil and wheat plants irrigated with industrial wastewater were investigated. In this regard, using polyethylene pipes, pots used in this study were prepared. Also, special filters were made of sawdust (micro-sawdust, nano-sawdust of ornamental tree at 0.1%, nano-sawdust at 0.25%, nano-sawdust at 0.5% level). The wastewater used in this study is passed through these filters. Then, to investigate the effect of filters on the amount of zinc collected in the plant, a number of wheat seeds were planted in each pot. At the end of the experiment, soil and plant samples were prepared for each pot and the concentration of zinc metal was measured by atomic absorption (GBC). Statistical analysis of results and data analysis was performed by completely randomized design (CRD) and comparison of means using Duncan test using SPSS software version 22. The results showed that the treatment of nano sawdust at the level of 0.5%, had the greatest effect and micro-sawdust had the least effect on reducing the accumulation of zinc metal in soil and plant.

In order to Investigation the Effect of Seed Biopriming with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on antioxidant enzymes activity of seedling and Germination Indices of Two Wheat Cultivar under Salt Stress Conditions, an experiment was conducted as a factorial experiment based in a completely randomized design with three replications in a laboratory of Islamic Azad University branch of Ilam, in 2017. Experimental factors included salt stress at four levels: zero (Control), 50, 100 and 200 mM sodium chloride, PGPR bacteria in two levels: non-inoculation with PGPR (control) and seed inoculation with PGPR and wheat cultivars include: Tajan and Ofogh. The genus and species of PGPR bacteria used in this study included Azotobacter chroococcum, Azospirillum berasilense and Pseudomonas potida, which were obtained from the Iranian soil and water research institute. Experimental traits included Activity of superoxide dismutase enzymes (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), dry weight of radicl, gomul and seedling, germination percentage, germination rate and seed vigor index. The main effect of experimental factors on all traits was highly significant (P≤0.01). The results showed that Ofogh was superior to Tajan cultivar for all germination indices, dry weight of radicl, gomul and seedling, Activity of antioxidant enzymes. With increasing salt stress, all of traits were decreasing. Priming seeds with PGPR bacteria increased the traits studied. In general, priming of wheat seeds with PGPR in comparison with control treatment (non-inoculation) by improving germination indices and Activity of antioxidant enzymes to some extent reduced the harmful effects of salinity stress.

 Optimal energy management in agricultural systems and the emission of greenhouse gases from agricultural activities is one of the topics of interest for researchers around the world. This research has used the field method to collect and record data in the form of interviews and questionnaires. Optimization of energy consumption and modeling of energy consumption for the production of these products were performed using artificial neural networks and data envelopment analysis. DEA-SOLVER and EMS13 software were used for analysis and farms were evaluated in terms of energy consumption and production performance. The results showed that the average energy per hectare of rapeseed, wheat and coriander is about 984375, 1338762 and 626771 MJ per hectare, respectively. In rapeseed and wheat crops, respectively 57.66% and 72.92% of energy input, belonged to chemical fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizer, and in coriander, chemical toxins input had the highest share in energy input with 68.01%. Energy ratio index for products was 0.60, 0.91 and 0.50, respectively. As a result, the share of indirect energy was high in all products due to the use of chemical fertilizers and chemical toxins. The amount of technical efficiency, net technical efficiency and scale efficiency in rapeseed fields were estimated to be 0.89, 94 and 0.96, respectively. After chemical fertilizer, energy stored by fuel inputs with 15.98%, chemical toxins with 4.02% and seeds with 2.02% of total stored energy, after chemical fertilizer in the second to third ranks for they had the optimization of input energy.

 Harvesting is one of the most difficult and important stages of crop production. In this regard, 49 combine harvesters including conventional combines JD 955, JD 1055, CLASS-S 68 and NEW Holland TC 5080 were investigated in wheat farms in 5 cities of Ardabil provinces, during 2018. The measured parameters were preharvesting yield losses  and the losses at different sections of combine harvester such as cutting unit, threshing and separation unit, and storage tank, and also MOG percentage. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the harvesters in terms of losses and field capacity at the level of 1%. The highest effective field capacity was for NEW Holland TC 5080 combine with 1.16 ha hr-1 where the lowest losses with 0.99 percent belonged to the same. Head grain losses in John Dear, CLASS-S 68 and NEW Holland TC 5080 combines were about 68.5, 65.2 and 90 percent, respectively. Cutting platform losses in John Dear, CLASS-S 68 Combine and NEW Holland TC 5080 were 1.41, 1.64 and 0.99 percent, respectively. Processing losses in John Dear and Class combines were 0.67% and 0.87%, respectively, where it was only 0.04% for New Holland 5080 TC. The highest total losses were 2.51 percent obtained for CLASS-S 68 combine with 0.78 ha hr-1 field capacity. Useful quality losses were 0.52, 1.03, and 1.14%, respectively, for New Holland 5080 TC, John Dear and Class combines, respectively. In overall, the natural preharvesting losses rate was 3.74% and the average total losses for all combine harvesters was 1.94%. According to the results, in general it is recommended to use JD955 and TC5080 combine harvesters due to their low losses, acceptable wheat grain purity percentage and suitable field capacity.

A factorial experiment with three replications was conducted based on CRD to evaluate the influence of nanoceria and sodium nitroprusside in improving germination and biochemical characteristics of wheat under drought stress. The effects of nanoceria including 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg L-1 as well as 0 and 100 μM sodium nitroprusside as NO donor were studied under levels of drought stress (0, -0.4 and -0.8 MPa). Drought stress increased MGT, the activity of SOD, CAT, APX enzymes and MDA content in wheat seedlings but reduced other studied parameters such as germination percentage and germination rate. Simultaneous application of nanoceria and sodium nitroprusside significantly affected some studied parameters. Application of nanoceria (1000 mg L-1) + sodium nitroprusside enhanced germination percentage and seed vigor index by 44.5 and 75.5 percent respectively under -0.8 MPa drought stress. Aforementioned treatment also improved the activity of SOD and APX by 19.7 and 41.1 percentage respectively and decreased MDA content in wheat seedling by 33.5 percentage under -0.8 MPa drought stress. It seems that sodium nitroprusside and nanoceria alleviate the adverse effects of drought stress on wheat seedling via improving germination indices and promoting antioxidant defense system.

The temperature is one of the factors that can influence of the growth of crops including wheat. In this study, heat indices such as growing degree days, heliothermal unit, heat use efficiency and phenothermal index was calculated for ten irrigated wheat cultivars includes Gonbad, Morvarid, N-87-20, N- 90-7, N-91-8, N-91-9, N-91-10, N-91-17, Tiger and Natasha in Gonbad City in 2014. The highest yield was observed to N-90-7 variety and the lowest yield was to N-91-10 variety. Analysis variance showed that there was no significant difference in yield between Gonbad and Morvarid, N-87-20, N-91-9 ,N-91-17 and N-90-7, Natasha varieties. Also, it was found that there was a positive significant correlation at 0.01 level between wheat yield and heat use efficiency. On the other hand, Heliothermal unit and Phenothermal index has no significant effect on wheat yield. On the other hand, there was a negative correlation between GDD recived at the time of first node formation and value of grain yield. This study showed that N-90-7 and Natasha varieties has high potential to make good use of thermal energy, but N-87-20 variety was weak in this context.

Wheat is one of the strategic crops that have been harvested in recent years by advanced combine harvesters. In this study, traditional combines were evaluated in terms of natural losses, head and back losses, field capacity, purity percentage and yield in field conditions in Qom (Iran). The total number of combine harvesters in this area was 110 out of which 20 samples with the experimental design of completely randomized design were selected. 35% of samples were New Holland Combine harvester TC5070, 30% John deer JD1055, 15% JD1165 and the remaining (20%) were New Holland TC5080, John deer JD955, JD1450 and Sampo 3065L. In terms of losses rates in different parts of the harvesters, 0.06% was related to the back of the machine and 1.35% of it was related to the head. The natural losses rates was 1.66% and total losses was 3.07% in this province. Three traditional combine harvesters (TC5070, JD1165 and JD1055) were compared statistically. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the harvesters in terms of field capacity at  5% level. The effective capacity of the TC5070, JD1165 and JD1055 combines was 1.23, 0.88 and 0.83 ha.h-1,respectively. According to the results, it is recommended to use JD1165 and TC5070 combine harvesters due to their low losses, acceptable purity percentage and suitable field capacity.

In generally, important factors in substitution of varieties are including increasing of yield, improvement of quality and avoid of decreasing of yield varieties versus biotic and abiotic stress. The objectives of this study were to: determine of Weighted average age of wheat varieties and comparison with other countries, determine to effect and correlation between time trend with weighted average ageof varieties and investigation of profitability of irrigated bead wheat varieties with different origins. This study carried out in 2016 for irrigated bead wheat varieties planted in 2004-2016. Data are collected from Deputy of Agronomy in Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture and Certified and Register of Seed and Plant Institute. The methodology of this research were time trend linear regression analysis, weighted average ageindexes, coefficient of correlation and profitability indicators (Net present value, Benefit-cost ratio and Internal rate of return). According to the results, Estimated coefficient of Time Trend on weighted average ageof varietieswas positive and 0.091 and 0.46 and significant.. Benefit-cost ratio(BCR) and Internal rate of return(IRR) for Ghonbad variety with national originwas estimated 5.5 and 41.9%.BCR and IRR for Sirvan variety with international originwas estimated 6.1 and 54.3%. Thus, time trend variable was one of important factor on Weighted average ageof varieties. For more effecting of varieties on farmer’s income based on economic results recommended selecting of proper variety with high profitability, preparation of timely and adequate for improved seed varieties in during of age varieties by institutes.

With increasing population growth and the need for food, wheat as the crop with the largest cultivated area and annual production on a global scale has been especially important. Therefore, identifying and recommending suitable areas for cultivation in each area is essential. Kermanshah province as the study area is one of the areas that most wheat crops are from among. Therefore, in this study Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLP) with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm was used to identify the potential of rainfed wheat cultivation. The input layer network consists of 12 layers: land use, average annual rainfall, average rainfall in the autumn, the average spring rainfall, the average annual temperature, average temperatures in spring, average temperatures in autumn, slope, aspect, elevation, humidity the relative and degree of days. The rainfall and temperature layers were prepared using the data from the stations of adventurous and synoptic and the interpolation operation in the ArcGIS environment, respectively. The altitude-related layer was extracted using with a DEM 30×30 meter IRS. To determine the search space of the neural network algorithm, the uncultivated areas are determined and removed from the entire input layers. 210 points of The right place to cultivate were prepared as network training points. Finally, the class of uncultivated areas which 15% and The results of the model consists of five classes: very suitable, suitable, somewhat suitable, poor or very poor, respectively, 5.4, 14.8, 24, 22.5 and 18.3 percent of the total area of the province is allocated. Regression analysis of all data on the network is 91% of the network of the company, effective for the MLP neural network is in these zoning.

Seed enhancement methods are applied to eliminate or decrease adverse environmental stress effects and increase seed germination rate and vigor of rangeland plants. The coated seed process is from amplifier ways that stick various materials on the outer surface of the seeds that minimize the negative environmental effects and increase the ability of plant establishment. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of seed coating methods on germination of Triticum aesativum, cultivar Sardariin different moisture stress levels and sowing depths. This experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design with four replications. Treatments of covering material was used in four levels including, non coating levels (NC), mineral-based coating (CC), organic- based coating (OC), and hydro gel-based coating (HC). Moisture treatments were used in three levels of moisture soil content. Two planting depth and three seed diameter including M9%, M14% and M21% were used. During the test, speed of germination was evaluated. The results showed that moisture treatments and planting depth at had highly significant effect and there was no significant effect of coating treatments. Also the interaction between type of covering material and soil moisture was not significant for germination speed, but there was significant difference between treatments of seed size in M9% and M21%. Although in the triple interaction, increasing moisture and planting depth enhanced the speed of germination process, but it was not significant statistically. The seedling growth of covered seed developed significantly, so it can be useful in enhancing plant performance.

The two drought tolerant wheat promising lines and M-90-16 with pedigree (THELIN # 2 // ATTILA * 2 / PASTOR / 3 / PRL / 2 * PASTOR and origin 41thIBWSN (08-09)) and online WS-90-18, pedigree (CROC_1 / AE.SQUARROSA (224) // OPATA / 3 / PASTOR and origin 16thSAWYT (08-09)) and control Sirvan (new varieties of drought tolerant) were evaluated. The project in the city of Varamin in two places at one another with optimum irrigation and drought stress conditions was conducted at the end of the growing season. The results showed that in both optimum irrigation and water stress irrigation at 50% flowering, the highest grain yield for 6930 and 5590 respectively Line WS-90-18 kg per ha. This line in both irrigation of harvest index and grain weight was high. Line the average plant height of 100 cm in both environment. for cultivation in the south and southeast of Tehran, especially in the lands of farmers facing drought conditions at the end of the growing season, Introduction an As such, these lines can be given to reviewing it in new varieties and drought tolerant Sirvan, development capability and proliferation in the region and advised the farmers to have.

In this study different irrigation methods of wheat in the Fars province were analyzed using metafrontier approach technological gap ratio. For this purpose, information about 100 farmers that were interviewed randomly in 2013 was used. The sample farms were divided into two groups (with and without sprinkler irrigation systems) based on the different irrigation methods. The results of estimating the regional frontier production function showed that the technical efficiency for the group with sprinkler irrigation system and the group without sprinkler irrigation system is 0.87 and 0.82, respectively. It means that these producers with a certain amount of average input produce about 87 percent and 82 percent of the product, respectively that could possibly be produced using the same amount of input and available technology. The technical efficiency relative to the metafrontier production function in the group with sprinkler irrigation system and in the group without sprinkler irrigation is 0.84 and 0.72, respectively. The technological gap ratio for the above two groups is 0.96 and 0.88, which means that the sprinkler irrigation system has a better technical performance, and it has a higher technological gap ratio when compared with the with no irrigation system. This is a promising point for policy makers in the field of agriculture since production level could be improved by improvement in the production techniques and proper use of available resources. The results of the factors that are effective in acceptance of technology of sprinkler irrigation system that was evaluated using the Probit model have showed that variables of farmer experiment, their attending extension classes, farmer’s property, loan, risky propensities and ownership of wells all have a positive and significant effect on acceptance of technology of sprinkler irrigation systems.

In order to investigate the effect of temperature on the mobilization of protein reserves of wheat cultivars and seedling traits a factorial experiment conducted based on a completely randomized design at seed technology laboratory of  the Faculty of Agricultural sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili with three replications. Treatments were three germination temperatures including 10, 20 and 30 ◦C and three wheat cultivars (Sardari, Finikan and MV17). Studied traits included germination percentage and rate, seedling dry weight, protease activity and protein content, respiration index and distribution of dry matter to seedling parts. Results showed that the highest germination percentage, rate and mean of germination time were related to 20 ◦C in all cultivars. The highest protein contentin in seed residual (8.7%) was observed in Sardari cultivar at 10 ◦C,but the lowest activity of protease (4.63 unit mg-1) was related to Finikan at this temperature. The highest amount of seed material lost as respiration (20.21) attained in MV17 cultivar at 30◦C. The highest seed reserves mobilization efficiency was related to Finikan and MV17 (1.23 and 1.2 respectively) at 20◦C. Seed dry matter distribution to radicle and plumule was different in cultivars and temperatures and the highest distribution to radicle (6.27%) and plumule (15.84%) were related to MV17 and Finikan cultivars, respectively at 20 ◦C. Seed protein reserves remobilization efficiency was the same in all cultivars at 20 ◦C, but MV17 at 10 ◦C and Finikan at 30 ◦C had the highest efficiency. In conclusion, higher germination percentage of MV17 at 20 ◦C can be related to the higher activity of protease

Plant growth regulators are the main factors in grain yield formation However, their physiological roles have not been fully identified. On the other hand, water stress is the main factor in reducing grain yield and germination characteristics. To this end, two experiments were carried out in the research farm and laboratory of Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Razi University in Iran during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 years in a split-plot factorial arranged in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The irrigation treatments including non water stress and water deficiency stress (from anthesis and continued until physiological maturity). The wheat cultivars including Pishtaz, Marvdasht, DN-11and 336 and the foliar application of indole acetic acid (dose of 50 μM)treatments including control, used at the beginning of grain growth (from anthesis) and at the beginning of grain filling (from 14 days after anthesis) at the entire plants. Under non water stress, the grain yield of Marvdasht was greater than other cultivars. More yield reduction of this Marvdasht in water deficiency compared to other cultivars showed more sensitivity of this cultivar to post-anthesis water deficiency and DN-11 in this situation had the lowest grain yield reduction. Foliar application of indole acetic acid (IAA) at the beginning of grain growth caused the most increase in grain yield. In this situation, IAA caused more increase in the grain yield of Marvdasht cultivar. But, this treatment at the beginning of grain filling did not have such effect. Seeds were obtained from the field were studied in the view of germination and seedling growth characteristics in the laboratory and the result showed that, plumule length and germination percentage were not affected by post-anthesis water deficiency. Under post-anthesis water deficiency, Plumule to radicle ratio and germination rate significantly increased and other parameters showed a significant decrease. Mean comparison of foliar application of IAA at the beginning of grain filling showed that this significantly increased germination characteristics. With respect to these results, Auxin may via positive effects on seed quality and not quantity (seed weight) may be had positive effects on seed germination characteristics.

In order to evaluate seed priming effects on resistance of wheat germination against allelopathic stress caused by various bindweed (Convulvulus arvensis L.) organs, a study was carried out as factorial experiment in completely randomized design with four replications in research laboratory of Karaj agriculture faculty (2012).  Treatments were seed priming (distilled water, hydropriming and osmopriming with 15 and 45 ds/m of urea for eight hours), wheat cultivars (Niknezhad and Pishtaz), extracts of various bindweed organs (leaves, stem, root and total plant) and various extract concentrations (25, 50 and 100%). Results showed that extract didn’t affect germination percentage and plumule length but radicle length was increased by various concentrations of extract in hydroprimed seeds. The highest reduction in plumule length was observed in total plant extract whereas stem extract caused the highest radicle reduction. According to the results, Niknezhad cultivar showed superiority in all treatments because of better plumule and radicle length.Root lengthin seedprimingwithwater under Extractconcentration in Niknezhad 27/54per cent and thecultivar Pishtaz14/45percentlower than the control was reducedAlso water hydropriming could reduce the negative effects of bindweed extract on radicle length.