جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « commercial complexes » در نشریات گروه « هنر و معماری »

This study examines consumer culture within commercial complexes in Iran's metropolises. Over the past two decades, Iran's major cities have witnessed significant developments in the construction of commercial complexes, which have also become symbols of social and cultural significance. The aim of this research is to analyze the factors influencing the formation of consumer culture in these complexes and their social, cultural, and economic impacts. The primary issue addressed in this paper is how economic transformations, globalization, social changes, and modern technologies affect consumer culture in commercial complexes of metropolises. Specifically, the research question focuses on how these factors have altered consumption patterns and purchasing behaviors, and what effects they have on social interactions and cultural identity. The research methodology involves analyzing existing literature, conducting interviews with experts, and evaluating field data from various commercial complexes. This approach examines economic and social changes and their impact on consumer patterns, while also analyzing the effects of technology and globalization on consumer preferences. The findings indicate that commercial complexes function not only as shopping centers but also as important social and cultural spaces. Economic changes and increased household incomes have led to higher demand for luxury goods, while globalization and modern technologies have influenced consumer preferences. These complexes provide opportunities for social and cultural interactions and contribute to the economic development of metropolises.

 Commercial complexes have grown significantly in big cities of Iran, in the last decade and are important for various reasons such as large scale and wide range of visitors. As there are interactions between globalization and regionalism, some viewpoints on the critique of the design of commercial complexes and malls, due to technological advances and the conditions of globalization, make these centers similar and repetitive elements in the world and promoters of consumerism. While some other viewpoints, for reasons such as branding strategies and the economic growth of these centers, emphasize a unique and context-dependent identity. The purpose of this study is to explain the intertextuality of the architecture of commercial complexes by reading the relationship between the architectural works of this field and its contemporary or earlier works in Iran and the West. This study also seeks to find out the types and dimensions of the use of intertextuality in the architecture of contemporary commercial complexes.

 The methodology is based on Saunders Research Onion. The research philosophy of the present study is interpretive epistemology, the research approach is a qualitative, and the research strategy is content analysis. It is also explanatory in terms of the type of results. Data gathering was done by document- library information and field survey, and the method of data analysis is descriptive and inductive analysis. The samples studied in this study are a selection of contemporary commercial complexes in Iran.

 The results show that in the intertextual reading of architectural works, the continuity of texts with each other and the effects of interaction and confrontations between globalization and regionalism are evident. The intertextual levels can be classified into "strong/weak" and "explicit/implicit" and the Hypertextualite "imitation/change". The results also show that the use of intertextuality in the architectural form of commercial complexes and malls in Iran is in the form of historical, geographical, and cultural representations and imitations or adaptations of the works of prominent Western architects. From a semiotic point of view, by considering commercial complexes and malls as controlled cities, one can observe the growth of collages of Simulacrum that are a reproduction of other spaces and a manifestation of the use of intertextuality in these centers.

 The analysis of the selected examples in this research makes it clear that the most important influential sources in the design of commercial complexes are the two fields of "historical and cultural background of Iranian architecture" and "contemporary Western architecture". Also, the way texts are related in the architectural design of commercial complexes can be classified into three main areas: "representation", "palimpsest " and "collage of simulacrum" and includes a range of historical, geographical representations, popular fashions, and diverse styles of western architecture. Depending on the type of design of each example (commercial complex), the intertextual levels of the works can be analyzed into weak/strong, explicit/implicit, and imitation/change types.

Belonging to the third place and realizing a sociable space in contemporary collective spaces in response to the shrinking of the contemporary human living space and home is considered a suitable strategy in promoting social interactions and urban vitality, which itself requires the creation of spaces in response According to the need of interaction, the direction of the flourishing of the members of the society through the creation of small spaces in the large-scale urban cultural, educational and commercial buildings is of the nature of pause and peace.The current research tries to explain the feasibility of realizing a space with sociability of the third place in contemporary buildings, to investigate the effective factors in strengthening it in the architecture of open spaces of commercial complexes.The current research is an applied research in terms of its purpose, and in terms of the search system, it is a quantitative-qualitative mixed research. Collecting research data from library and field methods and analyzing data from path analysis method with the help of structural equation modeling. In this method, random sampling was done from among the audience of the study area in ten time periods of the year.The realization of a third place while depending on the physical and physical factors that influence the invitation of the audience to attend the place, requires the policy matching of the organizers and managers of the place, the quality of the audience's society and the behavioral factors that govern it. Is. In this regard, the superiority of social attitudes, demographic homogeneity, obtaining points from long-term references of users in commercial complexes and avoiding the temporary profitable view of people's presence can be evident in the prosperity and greater impact of the quality of the space on vitality.

Traditional markets have long been central to the presence of the people and are the core of organization and interaction in the social and economic environment of cities. Today, commercial complexes are a good platform and space for social relations. In these complexes, the activity of guilds and being public can lead to the presence of people in the space and create an environment for promoting interactions, vitality, dynamism and social growth of the city. This letter aims to reach to solutions in promoting social interactions in commercial complexes regardiding the pattern of traditional markets. The hypothesis of this study is that there is a significant relationship between legibility patterns, sense of place, stillness, dynamics, motion, light, variety of form and geometry and patterns of activity in traditional Iranian markets with social interactions. The research method of this article is a combination, in the first part, the physical components of the market were extracted by using library studies and observing and examining a case study of the Isfahan market, and in the second part, through open interviews with twelve experts in the field of architecture, the effective components were determined using the snowball method. . In the next step, the data obtained from the case sample was analyzed in a quantitative way using a questionnaire that was distributed among the users of commercial spaces in Region 5, in order to identify the components that can be used in today's commercial complexes. The obtained results show that using the components of sense of place, vitality, and spatial permeability and diversity in the design of commercial complexes can improve social interactions among users of these spaces.

The role of human secondary needs in general and the need for recreation in particular as an interface between architecture and the environment in commercial spaces is undeniably important. That is why the quality of recreation-shopping spaces in commercial complexes to meet the recreational needs of users is one of the tasks assigned to architecture. This issue can affect the success rate of a commercial complex. The present study examines the factors affecting the success of commercial complex spaces from the perspective of leisure-shopping spaces and evaluates their relationships and the relative importance of each and measures the success rate of 4 selected new commercial complexes in Tehran (Tiraje, Kourosh, Palladium, and Tiraje2). In organizing leisure-shopping spaces, models are provided for designing the environment of commercial complexes that help to make the architectural space more acceptable to the users. To this end, the main question is what are the factors affecting the success of leisure-shopping spaces? And according to the relative weight of each, what is the relative success rate of the selected commercial complexes? Therefore, after recognizing and extracting the components and effective factors from the opinions of experts in the field of place, through logical analysis and deductive reasoning, the proposed model of factors affecting the success of leisure-shopping spaces in commercial complexes was derived. Then, the accuracy of the proposed model was measured and sifted through the Delphi method, based on the opinions of architecture professors, relationships between these factors were measured, and with the help of the ANP (Analysis Network Process), the importance and weight of each factor were determined. The obtained results show the factors affecting the quality and success of leisure-shopping spaces in three general categories: “functional”, “physical” and “perceptual”, and the most important components based on the number and intensity of its sub-components, respectively, are the physical component. Then the perceptual component and finally the functional component were identified.

 The design and implementation of large-scale commercial complexes in the metropolis of Tehran have flourished for over a decade. Most of these complexes have easily attracted various age groups. Some are more successful, and some lose their customers after a period of prosperity. Public areas' forms indicate entertainment's superiority over shopping. Also, the activities in complexes provide the possibility of spending leisure time in the best way under the name of a shopping center.

 Theoretical foundations of the research are based on the achievements of environmental psychology, which began with William Glasser's Choice Theory and the importance of the need for entertainment. And practical components of the quality of the environment have been extracted from related literature. These components are based on human needs for recreational activities and have been determined by library studies and citing the opinions of philosophers. The effect of components on users' need for recreation was analyzed by survey research method and correlation. 

 The result shows that the measures of the designed system consisting of three components: socio-behavioral, physical-spatial and perceptional, to meet the need for recreation of users, have a significant relationship with entertainment as a reason for the presence of users in commercial complexes.Specifically, among the measures of the collective-behavioral component, the factors "various service uses," "the presence of food courts," "the security of the complex space due to the number of users," and "the presence of a suitable space for children to play" are among the reasons. 

 By introducing an effective subcomponent, this paper shows that the leading presence of people in commercial complexes is due to the need for recreational activities. Therefore, the components of the need for entertainment in the design of commercial complexes can be considered as a factor in increasing the architectural spatial quality of public areas, which can meet part of the secondary and semantic needs of human beings.

Branding of commercial complexes is considered as a factor contributing to economic prosperity in cities, attracting tourists, and improving environmental qualities. The design and construction of commercial complexes are among the key factors in branding these centers. The form and facade of buildings and their decorations and details are among the visible and tangible features of buildings that, in addition to their features and functions, can be used as a potential to attract audiences. Commercial complexes in the 2010s in major cities, especially Tehran, have grown and expanded significantly. Their branding can play an important role in the economic prosperity of Tehran, and in building up a good reputation for this city.

This study attempts to identify the role of the form and facade of commercial complexes in branding these centers. This study also seeks to find out how the role of form and facade of commercial complexes in Tehran changes, and determine the degree of its compatibility with the global approach towards this issue.

The method of the present qualitative research is descriptive and analytical. In terms of purpose, it is an applied study, and the data was collected through the bibliographic method and field studies.

The results of this study show that the improvement of the visual quality of buildings being in a favorable connection with the context, in addition to the increasing attractiveness, the establishment of unique and symbolic projects, the interaction with the city, and the display of culture and history, are among the physical branding strategies that are reflected in the design of the form and exterior of commercial complexes. The facades and decorations used in commercial complexes represent the use of modern technology and a medium for conveying the intended messages by the brand owners. The results also show that before the 2010s, the strategies for attracting visitors to commercial complexes were more of pretenses of being up-to-date, while in the 2010s, the roles of design and construction in branding of Tehran’s commercial complexes are almost synchronous with the world, and the design of commercial complexes with distinctive shells and decorations has grown.

The performance reducion of commertial spaces, the linear decrease of retail centers, and lack of proper attention for parking spaces has always been the main issue distribution of commercial uses in urban areas. The aim of this study is to identify vulnerable commercial complexes in the coastal city of Ramsar to propose appropriate locations for further functioning. The methodology of research is based descriptive-analytical approaches. To analysis and selecting the proper sits ARC/GIS10 was applied. By using 11 layers of information and criteria such as land use, land slope, associated network access, proximity to densely populated areas …. the maps were classified via analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The results indicate that the distribution of commercial complexes has no correspondence with population distribution. Consequently some parts of the city are out of commercial centers reach. On the base of the results, center and western areas of the city require commercial complexes, which should be done using GIS technique to avoid improper site selection.

Milestones as thriving and communal living spaces are considered evocative places and fundamental elements of every city. Today, the role and position of the milestones in the lives of the citizens of the city at night, has turned them to the main elements of city cognition. Therefore, milestones are decisive in creating the identity of the city which connects citizens’ image of day and night landscape. Due to the importance of milestones in legibility of mind patterns, management of night landscape for enhancement of people’s satisfaction from city spaces and guidance of public desirability is doubled in significance. Currently, night landscape of Tehran is still intricate and illegible despite the temporary lighting programs by urban managers and expenditure in the private sector. In many cases, building lighting does not match the significant milestones and their identity. This article with focusing on commercial complex commercials as coarse milestones, evaluates some new projects dealing with lighting. Initially, lighting objectives and the most important principles as an indicator to assess the current situation were summarized and three commercial complexes (sign) in milestones (on mid-scale) of Tehran were evaluated in the following. Based on the findings of this article, it firstly appeared that the qualitative distance of Tehran night landscape from basic criteria is resulted from the absence of expertise and lighting designers and landscape architects involved in the projects while interviews with design and implementation teams revealed the following 1. In the absence of lighting principals, designers and the employers, sacrifice the public's right to have a legible city read for the sake of private interests and rights. Setting criteria for guiding the designers -in stage of lighting design, licensing and supervising of the project to the end- is necessarily required. 2. In the current circumstances and in lack of regulations, if the lighting designers and architects consider themselves as committed to the general principles of design, positive outcomes can be expected from lighting projects while inconformity of designer and architect can undermine the results. More importantly, the employer interference can reduce the quality of design. In other words, in the absence of standards or a jury for expertise support, the absolute rule of wealth over the city, including lighting continues. 3. As a result of the above, the result of large-scale projects and the emerging technologies that manifest the power and strength of his wealth to the city can send wrong message to the citizens: Significant but wrongly ornamented signs in important areas of the city whose beautiful pattern and decoration in the world is considered the leading standard. The hazards of this perpetual misunderstanding are over the previous two problems; because when the public taste is drawn into banality, double efforts are required to pay for its improvement. Prevalence of false understanding of "what is good" can be found in lighting colors and sometimes in various prodigal lightings of residential buildings. Preparation and implementation of a comprehensive document for lighting in Tehran can provide an appropriate mechanism to achieve the desired night landscape. Meanwhile, lighting design and implementation of buildings especially commercial ones, without management of a city as a whole, targets costs and economic feasibility while neglects its impact on the understanding of public art and the national loss.

Commercial and border exchanges in Baneh city were carried out on a limited scale until the late 1980s. However, from the early 1990s with the construction of the border market of Siranband, commercial exchanges prospered in this city. The increase in the import of smuggled goods and the number of tourists created a context for certain jobs like street vendors and house renting. Although commercial prosperity in Baneh has had positive effects such as the creation of employment and increased economic power, the intensive centralization of informal activities in a small area of the city has caused many problems including congestion, sound pollution, air pollution, heavy traffic and reduction in the quality of life in the central area of the city. Therefore, undertaking research to reduce problems resulting from centralization of informal activities in the central area of Baneh as an area that is most influenced by these activities seems necessary. This research attempts to study the factors influencing informal employment in the border city of Baneh and suggests solutions for decreasing its negative impacts. Considering the extensive aspects of the research question in this study, various tools and approaches including survey, interviews with residents, sellers and experts and secondary analysis approach were used. This study has benefited from GIS and AUTOCAD software for drawing the plans and SPSS and EXCEL software for describing the statistic data. In the first stage of the process, the indices of informal employment were extracted. Secondly, after classifying the jobs under formal and informal categories, the distribution maps of formal and informal jobs were prepared. Then, by matching the maps, the exact area of centralization of informal trade was defined. Finally, the impacts of informal trade on this area were evaluated. The results indicate that being close to the border, the existence of social attachments beyond the border, lack of employment opportunities in the region, lack of customs laws and the smuggling of goods are the most important factors resulting in informal employment in this city. In conclusion, the increase in informal trade results in changes in land use from residential to commercial and growth of commercial complexes, horizontal and vertical development of the city, increasing the number of false jobs and heavy traffic. To reduce the problems caused by centralization of informal employment in Baneh, correct management of the market, expedition in the development of infrastructure, decrease in the centralization of commercial complexes and services in the central area and organizing the traffic plans of the central area are recommended.