جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "quality of space" در نشریات گروه "هنر و معماری"

Problem statement: 

Although the unwillingness of students to use academic libraries may have such reasons as the interference of class times with the working hours of libraries, the spread of electronic resources, and easy access to them through applications that can be installed on cell phones and computers, the architectural design criteria in academic library spaces can also affect in the lack of presence of users.

The present research aimed to identify criteria that lead to the maximum attraction of users and increase their presence in academic libraries while improving the quality of the architectural space of academic libraries.

Using a qualitative approach, this research was done by the grounded theory method. The data obtained from semi-structured interviews with 14 users of 5 academic libraries in Tehran were coded in the three phases of open, axial, and selective coding. 33 propositions were obtained as open codes. Axial codes were extracted from 20 main categories and finally, 5 cores were recognized as the selective codes.

Providing spaces for leisure time and relaxation, views of vegetation, diverse visual views, the possibility of group discussion, the environmental comfort in the study halls, considerations related to the privacy of visual connection between the women's spaces and other library spaces, spatial organization, functional quality of furniture and shelves (suitable furniture for long-term sitting and observation of ergonomics), and management and planning for human resources were determined as factors affecting the desirability of academic libraries.

Extended Abstract Evaluating the suitability of living conditions in urban residential complexes in metropolitan areas is of great importance. Space quality can be investigated by recognizing the quality of life from both mental and physical perspectives. A house serves not just as a place of shelter, but also as an environment where individuals can fulfill their other needs. Given that the housing sector is among the most important development sectors in society, residential building rules and regulations are of utmost importance in all nations. However, construction rules and regulations in most countries involve many limitations for the designers, which leads to problems in creating the necessary quality of and quality of life. Based on numerous studies on the interaction of environmental qualities or the constructed space with the human mind and behavior [Babri Deh-Majnuni, et al., 1400], what is especially important in the definition of space quality is its interaction with the surrounding environment. Space quality is essentially how the environment is manifested and how it is understood. As such, a quality environment cannot be selected and settled-inn by the users, before it is understood. As the variety in metropolitan construction, and the use of stylish elements in the architectural appearance can snatch the thoughts and minds of the general audience during the initial assessment, the evaluation of residential spaces by construction experts and specialists assists users in choosing an appropriate residential environment. Moreover, the evaluation of residential apartments and buildings is considered one of the most complex and fundamental operations in architecture, the quality of which can have numerous drastic effects on the residents and their relationships. Nonetheless, previous studies have neglected the examination of older, more abundant, and less regulated single-block residential apartments, which have had a detrimental impact on the quality of residents’ lives. In contrast to the prescription-based approach to regulation, the performance/productivity-based approach to structure quality control is purpose-oriented, leaving the designers more creative and innovative choices to fulfill the purpose of every structure. Such an assessment needs specialized knowledge regarding open cultural questions and human issues, in contrast to technical expertise. As an up-to-date field of knowledge, concerned with human-environment connection, environmental psychology seeks to achieve quantitative and measurable criteria to evaluate the quality of physical spaces in residential complexes and to achieve desirable productivity in all three scales of residential complexes (i.e., residential units, interstitial and shared spaces, residential complex connection to urban space), with an expert-oriented approach towards cognitive and demonstrable evaluation of physical indices of residential complexes, with an emphasis on environmental psychology concepts and components. In terms of objective, the present research is a practical study; while in terms of essence and implementation method, it is a descriptive/analytical one. To begin the analysis based on the main research hypothesis, first the Delphi technique as used to extract key qualitative concepts of environmental psychology. An evaluation method based on Pearson and regression correlation coefficients was selected. The data was collected through two methods, namely bibliographic documentation and field research. The statistical population for this research involved 30 experts (architects specializing in environmental psychology) who were selected by the snowball method. In the next stage, several 2nd accredited civil engineers, architects, and city-planers from Shiraz were selected, using the Cochrane sample formula. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used as the criterion to evaluate the reliability of our research questionnaire. Environmental psychology was used based on the simple Delphi technique and elite consensus. After the data was collected, mean, median, and mode were used to analyze the data by SPSS statistical software package. In order to address the research questions and evaluate the research hypothesis, appropriate questionnaires were developed and underwent reliability and validity testing before giving to respondents. The respondents were selected from the overall population using a random cluster sampling method. After data collection and data summary, variable analysis via the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test (KS) was performed to check the normal distribution of data regarding physical space quality.  Design knowledge is not visible, though it can be seen through conduct, as it manifests itself in design workshops via drawing, handwriting, modeling, etc. Professionals also embody their design knowledge through their work, which grows through experience, repetition, and skill acquisition. In a constructivist learning environment, knowledge develops during teacher-student interactions, allowing students to engage with their personal knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes. This approach emphasizes the learning process and the thought processes involved in design, rather than just the final product. In the design process, problems are performed in a process-oriented form. The effective components in constructivism and knowledge building in this style of learning are somewhat similar to the nature of the knowledge applied by designers in their own designs. The constructivist learning approach to knowledge building is very similar to the nature of knowledge, while design training can be very successful for learners based on this approach. Design knowledge is distinct from other bodies of knowledge and can be acquired by specific means. Most of the time, this body of knowledge is unconscious and challenging to articulate. A large part of this body of knowledge is tacit and indescribable. In reality, design is learned through conduct. Because design knowledge is by itself a different body of knowledge, the way knowledge is acquired is obtained by changing the conduct of work. The nature of design knowledge hinges on practical tasks and the individual’s unique capacities, evolving with experience, context, and the stages of its acquisition. Changes in the quality of physical spaces within residential units can be explained by emphasizing the key concepts of environmental psychology, such as stress, territory, personal space, congestion, and solitude. Based on key concepts of environmental psychology, the order of effectiveness for residential unit physical index variables, from the highest to the lowest, is as follows: 1. stress, 2. personal space, 3. solitude, 4. territory, 5. congestion. For intermediate and shared spaces, the order is as follows: 1. stress, 2. solitude, 3. personal space, 4. congestion, 5. territory. At the highest scale, concerning the link between residential complex space with urban space, the order is as follows: 1. congestion, 2. stress, 3. personal space, 4. territory, 5. solitude. The emphasis of environmental psychology on the personal space component on the scale of residential unit indices is higher than that of the other two scales, while the emphasis on the solitude component is on interstitial and shared space indices. The emphasis on the congestion component was confirmed to be on the link between residential and urban spaces, as established by prior studies. To improve the quality level in these three scales, indices that support and strengthen the emphasized component should receive attention.

In today's world, the quality of education and educational spaces are very important. Due to their physical and mental conditions, children are greatly affected by their surroundings. Children's educational spaces always play a significant role in forming their mentality toward education and learning. The primary purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of physical elements and factors of architecture on the growth and promotion of children's creativity and to prioritize the desired components. It is assumed that by using the physical elements of architecture, children's creativity can be developed and promoted. The research method in this research is quantitative and qualitative, and it was conducted as a survey, and the paintings were analyzed by MAXQDA 2020 software. The paintings were selected, analyzed, and reviewed by random sampling among the paintings of children and female students aged 7-12 in Qazvin city. In most paintings, cheerful colors, large windows, special shelves and tables, and circular arrangements are visible in the classrooms. Perhaps children's drawings are one of the best sources to access their intellectual layers. Therefore, this research shows that the furniture is the first priority, and the openings and the color are both the second priority. The green space and the transparency of the space (resulting from the connection between inside and outside the classroom by using the physical factors of the walls and the body of the classroom), respectively in The third and fourth priorities are the physical components and factors that are effective in promoting children's creativity because classes and educational spaces with these characteristics match what is happening in the children's creative minds and being in a favorable environment It will prepare children's minds to accept new issues and perspectives, which is the definition of creativity.

By examining and studying the history of architecture, we can come across a number of consistent and fixed principles that have always been involved in architectural life and are part of the essence of architecture, and this relation of architecture to its structure can be considered as such. Structures in architecture are considered as the first important issue of space creation. When the structure integrates with the architecture and they act as a complement to each other, that space will be much closer to the utility, and when they are separated from each other, the utility will decrease. Components of a building’s structure along with the form and function play an effective role in the desirability of the quality of the architectural space. In the historical buildings of Iran, structural systems such as dome and vault that mainly have large openings and height, have been built whit the arches showing a desirable structural behavior following the induced loads. One of the most important arches is arch (chafd) and panjohaft arches which are effective in the resistance and integration of all the structural members of a building. How is the construction method and function of this arch in the formation of the historical physique of the buildings in terms of structure? How is the integration of the structure and architecture in the formation of the physical structure of the historical buildings using panjohaft arches? How a more complete definition of the used arches can be achieved based on the study and analysis of the study samples? Structural identifying and analyzing of the structure forming the study buildings in this study using panjohaft arches to the integration and compatibility of the architecture with the structure of the contemporary buildings. The current study is analytical-descriptive. Using library- documentary studies, field studies, and through AutoCAD software and Sketch Up, the formed structure with Panjohaft arches in the buildings of the Hakim Mosque of Isfahan, Mir Bozorg Amol tomb, and Darb-e Emam tomb of Isfahan have been modeled. results showed that in these buildings, the interaction between structure and architecture is established when a proper construction method is used that in the three buildings studied by maintaining the proportion of dimensions in height, opening and architectural volumes in arches with various arches of panjohaft with three openings of (L) 2.5 m, 4.5 m and 6.5 m and three base heights (h) 3.5 m, 5 m, and 6.5 m and three dimensions of the base section (a) 1.5 m, m 2.5 and 3.5 m, the arch is in the optimal and stable state when the coefficient of stability of its sharp, normal and slow panjohaft arches in it are 2.4, 1.95 and 1.6, respectively. In fact, traditionally architects have skillfully used the structural and technical aspects of the building by using arches consisting of five or seven arches to achieve a beautiful and quality space and were able to eliminate the inconsistencies and imbalances that were considered as a threat in the arrangement of the piers. By using this type of arch, they can become an opportunity for the emergence of the aesthetic aspects of space design..