جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « urmia city » در نشریات گروه « هنر و معماری »

Temperature changes in Iran and the increase in the emission of greenhouse gases in the cities and, as a result, the high emission of CO2 as a greenhouse gas will intensify the existing natural hazards such as water shortage and desertification, although these threats are still felt today, but it will be dangerous in the future, so it depends on taking precautionary measures to deal with this situation.

The main goal of the current research is to evaluate and feasibility of realizing the low-carbon city approach in Urmia city.

The research method is descriptive-analytical research. After extracting the indicators from the factor analysis method, the most important criteria and indicators of the low-carbon city were ranked, and then SPSS software was used to level the criteria. The information is also extracted by using library studies and by studying specialized resources, concepts related to global warming and the low carbon city and after knowing and evaluating the desired research with The use of documents, questionnaires, field observations and interviews with relevant experts and organizations, the city of Urmia has been evaluated for the realization and feasibility of a low-carbon city.

The results of examining the current situation showed that among the components of the low carbon city, the urban form component had the most inappropriate situation. Among the determining factors in the realization of a low-carbon city, the factor of transportation was the most important factor identified by experts, which is about 33% effective in the realization of a low-carbon city.

This factor shows that by improving the urban network, developing sidewalks, removing parking lots and promoting the use of clean and low-energy vehicles, it is possible to approach the standards of the low-carbon city and reduce the harmful effects of greenhouse gases. Finally, it is concluded that in order to improve the unfavorable situation of Urmia city, the factors identified in achieving a low carbon city should be considered by the planners, officials, architects and urban planners. At least it came close to the low carbon city realization standards.

During the last few decades, the concept of knowledge-based city has been proposed as one of the most important concepts in the field of urban planning. The present research, with a practical and developmental purpose and using descriptive-analytical method, tries to present a policy through evaluating the localization capability of urban planning indicators in Urmia city and determining the level of desirability of knowledge-based city indicators. coherent strategies to realize the dimensions of sustainable development and achieve a knowledge-based city. In order to analyze the research data, one-sample t-test was used in SPSS software to measure the localization capability of urban planning dimensions in Urmia city, and in order to check the correlation and factor load of each of the program indicators. Urban planning has benefited from confirmatory factor analysis by PLS Smart software. Also, by using the Swara technique, it has been evaluated and analyzed the level of desirability and preference of the indicators of the knowledge-based city. The results of the research indicate that each of the economic, social, physical, environmental and management aspects of urban planning can be localized in Urmia city. Also, in some aspects, the situation of Urmia is inconsistent in terms of the degree of realization of knowledge-based city policies, and in order to improve the current situation and the realization of the desired goals, proposals have been made in different dimensions.

From the past until now, the occurrence of earthquakes has always been a widespread threat, and the need to reduce the vulnerability of cities to earthquakes is considered one of the main concerns of urban planning. In this regard, the pathological zoning of the amount and type of response to the earthquake with the help of effective methods can significantly increase the resilience of the city in the face of the earthquake. In the present study, the physical-social pathology of Urmia city against the earthquake crisis was investigated. The type of this research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of research method. 15 indicators were used to measure the physical and social vulnerability of Urmia city. The required data are also extracted from comprehensive plans and statistics of 2015. Spatial statistics and spatial autocorrelation models have been used in GIS software for data analysis. The results obtained to answer the research question indicate that the central parts of Urmia city are more vulnerable than the peripheral parts in terms of physical index. The state of social indicators at the level of Urmia city shows moderate vulnerability. This vulnerability was estimated at 58% in the physical dimension and 41% in the social dimension. The results of the RDJ model also show that the distribution of physical and social vulnerability is clustered in the regions of Urmia. Considering the degree of vulnerability of the city of Urmia, in order to reduce the loss of life and money caused by the earthquake, it needs to reduce the consequences of this crisis with efficient planning and effective measures.

Research Problem:

 Today, in architecture, medical centers are not considered places with just a given function but also are seen as spaces with healing architecture. In addition to having a therapeutic function for patients, these spaces can positively influence staff working in them, especially female nurses as a sensitive group who are constantly present in such therapeutic environments. On the other hand, since the environment influences behavior, the physical components of healthcare environments seem to affect nurses' job stress and quality of work life, which is aimed to be analyzed in the present study.

Research Question: 

According to the abovementioned, the present study seeks to answer the following questions, how are female nurses' quality of work life and job stress in the hospitals of Urmia city? What is the relationship between female nurses' satisfaction with the physical environment of the hospital and their quality of work life and job stress in the studied population? Does female nurses' quality of work life influence their job stress in the studied population?

According to the abovementioned, the present study aims to investigate how the female nurses' quality of work life and job stress, how female nurses' satisfaction with the physical environment of the hospital influences their quality of work life and job stress, and how female nurses' quality of work life influence their job stress in the studied population.To achieve the abovementioned objectives, the main research hypotheses are as follows:1. There is a positive and significant relationship between each factor of the conceptual research model and its indicators.2. Female nurses' satisfaction with the physical environment of the hospital has a positive and significant effect on their quality of work life in these environments.3. Female nurses' satisfaction with the physical environment of the hospital has a positive and significant effect on their job stress in these environments.4. Female nurses' quality of work life has a positive and significant effect on their job stress in medical environments.

The present study is descriptive-correlational survey research in which the data were quantitatively analyzed to extract required information carried out using SPSS 24 and LISREL 8.8 software. The data were collected using library, documentary, and field studies. The statistical population included female nurses who worked in the healthcare centers of Urmia in 2017. In the present research, a researcher-made questionnaire was developed and its reliability and validity were examined and confirmed. Then, it was distributed among 220 female nurses who were selected from the studied population using the random sampling technique.

The results confirm the presented conceptual model. Also, the results indicate that satisfaction with the physical environment of medical centers is positively and significantly correlated with the quality of work life (path coefficient=0.76) and job stress (path coefficient=0.63) in the studied population, implying the effective role of architecture in reducing female nurses' job stress in the therapeutic environment and as a result, increasing their quality of work life.

Rapid growth of urbanization and physical expansion of cities in the recent decades have been accompanied by many negative consequences in different aspects. One of these consequences is the reduction of citizens’ health under the effects of factors such as car dependency, reduction in walkability (as daily physical activity) and inappropriate distribution of activities. In this regard, the issue of health in city has been considered in the recent years. Theatrical studies show that the urban form, which includes a set of physical and non-physical features in the city, affects the increase or decrease of residents’ health. So, the goal of this study is an investigation on the relation between urban form and citizens’ health in Urmia city. In another word, this research wants to recognize the most important elements of urban form which have more effects on public health. The method of this study is descriptive- analytical and also practical- developmental. Data collection is based on documentary studies and survey (distributing a questionnaire among the residents of region 3 and 4). For analysis, TOPSIS method is used. The results of this study showed that among eleven urban form elements in three environmental, social and physical categories, the amount of fabric compactness is the most effective factor on the citizens’ health and after that, there are mixed-use, the quality of pedestrian space, the air quality and the quality of green spaces. The results of TOPSIS analysis showed that according to the residents’ perspectives, the current situation of form in region 4 has more effects on urban health and this show that urban compact form (and its elements) has more effects on public health in comparison with urban sprawl (region 3). These findings are compatible to the theatrical studies. According to the successful pattern of dense development in Urmia city, it is necessary for the health of the citizens Urban planners pay more attention to this aspect of development and development policies of this type of development process to provide.

In Iranian urban planning and architecture, almost all elements and spaces of architecture and urban planning, including houses, mosques, bazaars and even passages have had a relationship with water in some ways. Moreover, several architectural and urban elements have been created for the storage, distribution and consumption of water, the most important of which are mills, aqueducts, baths, neighborhoods, mosques and gardens. Therefore, studying the role of water in the formation of urban spaces in Iranian cities is an undeniable necessity. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the irrigation system and water supply in the city of Urmia as a case study. The present study has used analytical, survey and historical methods taking a mixed-methods approach (quantitative and qualitative) in two parts to investigate the role of water system in forming the urban structures in Urmia. The first part includes documentary studies about the city of Urmia and water, and the second part includes field studies.  The geographical area of ​​the present study is the city of Urmia, the capital of West Azerbaijan Province. The findings of the present research prove that due to the importance of water and for all people to benefit from it, extensive and precise roles and social relations have been created through cultural mechanisms, which in turn affect some parts of the culture of the people of Urmia. The results of the present study show the circulation and distribution of water through aqueducts, overpasses, baths and mosques as well as the development and formation of the city of Urmia, including the establishment of its neighborhoods, houses and other public buildings. These findings are consistent with the components forming the circulation and distribution of water. As a result, the formation and development of Urmia depends on the irrigation and water systems.

In today's societies, the increasing growth of urbanization and increasing population of cities as an inevitable principle, especially in the cities of developing countries, have caused major changes in the structure of cities. Cities and urban spaces have become overwhelmed in structure by the passage of time, Changing conditions, different climates and different events as like many human artifacts. Historical and ancient textures that usually form the primary and main core of the country's cities, on one hand, they are part of the cultural and historical heritage of those cities and therefore their preservation and organization are inevitable. Urban tissues suffer from physical and functional deterioration due to lack of attention, proper maintenance and care. Identifying the physical and functional status of such tissues with the aim of managing and planning for their maintenance are among the first and important steps that must be taken. The historical context of the city of Urmia is one of those which it has been explored in the context of local community-based asset policies. Asset based development of local communities is based on identifying, enhancing and utilizing existing capacities and assets. In other words, asset base development serves both as a tool in urban planning and management and as a way to equip the local community to achieve sustainability.

Density as one of the dimensions of city construction is an important factor in understanding how the city works and changes. in the case of the study.the city of urmia has been developing a large horizontal expansion in the recent decades.The purpose of this research is to evaluate the process of change in the types of densities in Urmia city and level of implementation of detailed plan in the field of building density. in this regard , at first , the status of different urban densities in different periods and the degree of fulfillment of a detailed plan was analyzed and Then, with the introduction of effective indicators on determination of real building density, city land capacity was determined and modeled with the Multi-Criteria Evaluation and in GIS software . the density indicators in the city are distributed as unbalanced in the urban regions And 78% of the building densities predicted by the detailed plan were not realized . the result of modeling the capacity of building density Suggests unused to 68 % of the city's land capacity and The distance is far to favorable conditions, especially in regions 2,3 and 5of the city. Comparison of the results of the research model with the existing condition of building density in Urmia Suggests The movement of the density profile From higher than the density in the central and middle regions of the city towards the medium and lower density in the city's margins and Creates a pyramid mode in the city.

Physical development of cities in Iran often spread out in the form of horizontal and fragmented expansion which resulted in the negative impacts and instability of cities in last decade .The Urban Sprawl known as an environmental phenomenon in the country and required to reflection to understand the effective factors strategies for managing it and moving toward urban sustainability. In this research we tried to study the existing global experiences and theories by determining the indicators Urban Sprawl the Urmia city explained and extent in different parts to make a solution to present sustainable city. For recognition nature of Urban Sprawl with Check out the different views, indicator of Urban Sprawl and technique of measurement and research method extract and match with Iran and Urmia conditions and 26 indexes have been selected. By studying the physical extension of the city and proving Urban Sprawl evidence area of city from the terms of desired properties divided to 39 homogeneous area and 26 index based on these area derivation form the various sources and with method of agent analysis in format of 7 main elements with 88.34 percent of various of outspreading explained, seamlessly take down with GIS in city area which form the five levels divided form so low to so much. Studying different area of Urmia form the representative indices show that weakness of user disorder and low density, the main activity space with least weight and importance. In the area which the points of factors in this higher (10-8) Urban Sprawl is so high (new developments contain 4-5-34- 35 regions) and area which total points in these low (0-2) have a lowest Urban Sprawl (old texture contains 18-19-20 regions) by creating interactive maps of Seven factors, approach of sustainability of city with moderating the effect of factors and prioritization of areas act and presented.

City’s competitiveness and attractiveness depend on effective management of the city’s image. Leading cities in the world have always used different approaches in order to improve their image. One of these modern approaches is city branding. Many cities in countries ranging from India and China to Russia and England have employed this approach in order to improve their image. In a world where cities and regions aggressively compete for investment from public and private sectors, brand reputation is critical. The motivation for cities to engage in city branding frequently stems from a feeling that existing perceptions of the city have become outdated and need to be updated in order to reflect the contemporary reality of the city. Repositioning the city brand is often seen as necessary and urgent. Indeed, a brand is the DNA of a place, i.e., its material and essence which pass from one generation to another. Today, many cities attempt to use city branding concepts to find a niche in the competition for resources and wealth.
Like many other cities in Iran, Urmia City doesn’t project a strong and clear image to its dwellers and beyond. Most of its cultural, historical and natural features have been neglected. Anonymity of these features causes Urmia City to encounter problems in attracting investment and tourists, losing the competition to cities with stronger image. The main purpose of this paper is to model an image for the Urmia City based on the concepts pertaining to city branding. Since a city brand needs to be rooted in reality, the starting point for an effective and inclusive branding strategy, would be a search for the elements which the city has to offer to its current and potential residents, as well as the visitors and investors. It also needs to tap its unique assets and strengths and to address its flaws and weaknesses. Here after a review of the theories associated with city branding and its relation to city image, a theoretical was developed. This framework provided us with nine components and 46 criteria to be used in the analysis of the Urmia City’s image. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used in order to identify the components and the criteria which influence the City’s image the most. Finally, priority of actions in Urmia City branding is determined and suggestions are presented. Results show that, Urmia city needs strategies which can upgrade its urban facilities and infrastructure along other measures that deal with its unique history, culture as well as its location on the border with Turkey to the west. In addition, the City’s strong environmental quality and natural features need to be emphasized in the strategies and action plans for the sake of the City’s image. In our findings, we can also note that the City's dwellers have a negative view of its economy and job opportunities, while the life style and social Issues are not much of an issue in formation of the City’s image.

Disharmonic growth of Cities and urban sprawl are among the most problematic issues of current cities which have led to destruction of farm lands around them and other destructive consequences. Therefore, it has doubled the importance of conscious leading and controlling expansions of cities. Urban sprawl, which was initiated in the second half of the 20th century, is propounded as one of the main issues in most of the countries. Urban sprawl is accompanied by several positive and negative consequences and is caused by various reasons in different cities with different geographical, economical, political and social characteristics. The Iranian cities are no exceptions to this norm; although they have had slow expansions over the last centuries. However, as the time goes by, most of them are faced with sprawl phenomenon. Moreover, specific formal characteristics of the cities act as effective factors in urban expansion, and lacking specific forms and structural patterns. Meanwhile, structural tools, which have formed the city and caused the integration of spatial organization of it, are kinds of instruments that through them the urban planners, as well as the decision makers, can help the urban management to control the expansion of the city. Urmia is one of the cities that has confronted with rapid growth in recent years. In order to measure the sprawl in this city, after reviewing the related theoretical as well as empirical literature, based on the findings of Ewing et al (2002), Torrens (2008), Frenkel and Ashkenazi (2007) on sprawl, 19 variables were selected to study the sprawl phenomenon in this city. A factor analysis in 30 districts of the city was run to identify the underlying dimensions of sprawl in the city. Six factors were extracted, named: mix land use; density; irregularity of the built up area; centrality; access; and activity spaces. The combination of these 6 factors in a GIS map illustrates that the central areas of the city are the least affected areas by sprawl, and the further it goes from the center, the more intensive the sprawl becomes, whereas the most sprawl could be seen in the northwestern, southern, eastern and western parts of the city. Moreover, comparing sprawl and expansion process of the city in different periods of time shows that the earlier formed districts have the lowest sprawl and as a person reaches to the newly built areas, the city expansion process tends to have more sprawled. Also the investigation of the Radial-Concentric form of Uroumieh and the characteristics of development in location and time aspects and comparison of them with the sprawl in various parts of the city indicates that the rupture created in the city form have led to a high sprawl at the out-of-form areas. Consequently, in order to control the sprawl, some proposals were presented by making use of structural tools and creation of integration in the spatial organization of the city.