جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « ارزش های اجتماعی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The family is the first social unit with many complexities. This study aimed to investigate the impact of family structure and functions on the intergenerational behavior in families in Aliguderz using the theories of Bourdieu, Mannheim, and Shelsky.

The research method was a survey, and the data collection tool was a questionnaire. The statistical population of the research was all individuals over 18 in the city of Aliguderz. Three hundred and seventy-six people were selected as a sample using Cochran’s sampling with a simple random method. Cronbach’s alpha method was used to determine reliability, and the questionnaire has content validity. One-way analysis of variance and Pearson correlation test were used to check the hypotheses using SPSS-21 software.

Elderly individuals have more family functions. The variables of family functions, adherence to cultural values, family crisis management, and kinship relations are different among different generations. A relationship was observed between the variables of adherence to cultural values, family crisis management, family cohesion, and the variable of family functions. With the increase of these variables, the amount of family functions (including the emotional functions of the family and problem-solving and conflict-resolution functions) also increases.

Considering the differences in different generations in the power structure and family functions in the city of Aliguderz, it is necessary to pay attention to the factors affecting the family functions to improve the current situation by policymakers.

Background &

The results of the studies show that although lifestyle is a set of institutionalized behaviors and speeches in individual and social spheres, it is not separated from ideological substructures. Therefore, the Iranian lifestyle is largely derived from the most important ideology of the people, which is the religion of Islam. In other words, the lifestyle is Iranian because it is influenced by the living environment and culture of Iran, and it is Islamic because it is influenced by religion and religious values and beliefs. Therefore, the most important type of lifestyle in Iran is the Iranian Islamic lifestyle. Islam is a source of teachings related to different aspects of lifestyle, and there are many verses and traditions in this field because Islam is a school of life and a way of life that is in accordance with the natural desire of human beings and for all the details of individual and social life based on the foundation Man's nature and existence has instructions. According to Kuhi, the Islamic lifestyle refers to all the principles and issues that shape the context and essence of the life of the Muslim community and human beings, which is inspired by the values of the Islamic religion and the customs of the Islamic society. According to what was mentioned in the previous lines, the Iranian Islamic lifestyle is the most important distinguishing feature of Iranians from others, and this is while the Western lifestyle is especially under the influence of the growing trend of globalization and the spread of global media day by day in our country. It has expanded and changed the lifestyle of Iranians. The change in the lifestyle of Iranians can be identified through the change in its components in the life of Iranians, such as the consumption of cultural goods, the change in the way of spending leisure time and body management, and the pattern of food consumption. For example, the studies conducted show the increasing trend of fast food, the increase in the way people dress and make up, especially the youth in Iran, and it seems that there is a kind of conflict between the Western lifestyle and culture and the Islamic way of life, and every One of them follows a certain path. This is despite the fact that every society has special social, cultural, political, and historical conditions. It is necessary to have its own lifestyle, and therefore prescribing a single version of lifestyle for different countries - i.e. what the Western countries want - is not correct, but it is necessary that the people of each society, based on their assets, have their own life. Since Iranian society has been benefiting from the Islamic lifestyle for many centuries and at the same time has dissolved its original components such as the Iranian culture, therefore it is necessary for the Iranian Islamic lifestyle to Be title a style that is born of Iranian society and has been rooted in it for many years is to be introduced as a model of people's lifestyle. As was mentioned in the previous lines, our society has problems in the field of lifestyle, however, this issue is more noticeable in the field of young people's lives. Young people are the most affected by the media, and due to the excitement of youth and being influenced by friendly groups, they are more influenced by the current of western lifestyle than other groups, and this issue in the lives of those who should be the bearers of the Islamic Iranian lifestyle in the future. This aspect of dealing with the issue of the Islamic Iranian lifestyle among young people in Behshahr and especially the sociological analysis of the factors affecting it has been the focus of the researcher of this research. Preliminary studies indicated that one of the effective factors in the Islamic Iranian lifestyle of people is the values governing their lives. The effect of values on lifestyle is to such an extent that some believe that lifestyle is the product and result of people's beliefs and values so that the way a person looks at the world and the values accepted by him have an effect on how people choose their lifestyle. Therefore, the aim of this research was to analyze the sociological and psychological effectiveness of social networks on the lifestyle of young people with regard to the mediating role of values.

This research has been conducted in the form of quantitative proof and productivity paradigm. The current research method is based on documentary and survey methods. In this study, the lifestyle indicators were based on the principles of native Iranian Islamic culture, and the values were classified into four dimensions: religious, social, political, and economic values, finally, based on the selected indicators, items were designed and put in the form of a questionnaire. The statistical population of the research included all the young citizens (or young people) of Behshahr city in Mazandaran province, according to the latest census conducted in the country by the Iranian Statistical Organization, the number of young people aged 18 to 30 in Behshahr city was about 48 thousand and the sample size using Spss Sample Power was obtained equal to 250 people. The sampling method in this research was quota proportional to the volume. In this study, SPSS 21 and AMOS 18 software were used for data analysis.

The results of the findings show that the average of political, social, economic, and religious values was higher than the average and the above statistics were as follows from the highest to the lowest average: 1. Religious values 2. Political values 3. Social values 4. Economic values. Also, the average indicators of Iranian Islamic lifestyle components, in order from the highest to the lowest, were as follows: 1. Spending leisure time 2. Consumption 3. Body management 4. Family 5. Relationships. The influence of youth values on the Iranian Islamic lifestyle of people has had a significant impact of 45%, political values of 35%, and economic values of 24%.

In general, it can be acknowledged that social networks are effective in the lifestyle of young people due to the mediating role of values. The Islamic Iranian lifestyle is the most important distinguishing feature of Iranians from others, and this is the fact that the Western lifestyle, especially under the influence of the growing process of globalization and the spread of global media, has expanded day by day in our country, and the lifestyle of Iranians, especially the youth. It has changed. What most of all caused the formation of this issue was the mental concern of the researcher in the field of one of the serious issues of the youth, especially in the field of lifestyle. The change in lifestyle components such as the consumption of cultural goods change in the way of spending leisure time, body management, and food consumption patterns, for example, the increasing trend of fast food and the change in the way people dress and make up in Iran, especially the youth, indicate the change in the lifestyle of Iranians in general and Especially the youth, and the lifestyle of the youth is becoming more and more similar to the western lifestyle day by day. On the other hand, it seems that there is a kind of opposition and conflict between the Western lifestyle and culture and the Islamic way of life, and each of them follows a specific path. This is despite the fact that every society has special social, cultural, political, and historical conditions. It is necessary to have its own lifestyle, and therefore prescribing a single version of lifestyle for different countries - i.e. what Western countries want - is not correct, but it is necessary for the people of each society based on their cultural and religious values. Since Iranian society has been benefiting from the culture of Islam for many centuries and at the same time has dissolved its original components such as Iranian culture, therefore it is necessary to change the Iranian Islamic lifestyle to The title of a style that is born of the Iranian society and has been rooted in it for many years can be accepted as a model of the people's lifestyle, and any other lifestyle, including the western lifestyle, and its acceptance by the people, especially the youth, due to its inconsistency with Iranian Islamic culture, can be cause tensions and cultural conflicts in Iranian society.

The time when a person is born is important. Because people are in a historical period where a generation begins to form its perspective. It connects people with the views of that generation throughout their lives and affects many of their beliefs. Those who have tasted war in their generation have a different view on war and peace and also have different values ​​for development. Who has not had such an experience? Those who had job opportunities when they graduated from university have a different attitude about work and the future than those who did not have such opportunities. Divorce, birth control, abortion, marriage, and gender equality will mean different things to people depending on which generation they are from. In Iran, the current young generation looks more to the future, while the older generations are busy solving the current problems and dilemmas of their lives. The difference between the two generations of the young and the old is one of the potential dangers that have brought the strength and durability of families to the abyss of serious threat. In the past, despite learning the values ​​and attitudes of the social system, young people adapted themselves to the society in which they lived. It means that young people's communication has been limited to media such as television (assuming its existence, of course) and in a range as large as the city of residence. Today's young people face global villages where they can interact directly with the world around them through mass communication tools. Children are placed in such a situation, and in fact, this situation leads to comparing themselves with the situation of people of the same age, because of this, the expectations and expectations, sometimes unnecessarily, have increased greatly, and in the long run, they have caused extensive changes in their lifestyle and values. People, have values ​​that do not necessarily lead to human and social development. Based on this, the problem of the current research is that the changes that have taken place in the last 50 years show that generational values ​​are also changing, and this issue is also objective in Iran; But many of these changes have not been noticed much in Iranian society, or the emergence of different media, especially social media, because it has played an important role in value convergence and absorption of global values ​​in policy-making. And in the field of traditional social, cultural, and religious values ​​of Iranians, it has been seen as a harmful factor, while the harm or threat of modern mass and social media not only does not solve the problem but also can facilitate the degree of orientation towards these media and the acceptance of undesirable values ​​of foreigners. It seems that the most important solution in this field is empowering society by providing media literacy training; For many people, lack of reliable media literacy has caused them to absorb different cultural, social, and political values ​​that are transmitted through the media faster, while people with media literacy play an important role in Analyzing the messages of the media and absorbing and choosing the values ​​that are appropriate to the individual's point of view. Therefore, media literacy is as effective as the media itself in attracting and influencing individual values. Having media literacy makes the type of values ​​transferred, whether they are favorable or unfavorable, and their absorption or non-absorption by the audience is accelerated or slowed down. Today, many useful values, such as economic values, which emphasize empowerment, entrepreneurship, or self-employment, and can lead a large number of unemployed and unemployed graduates to entrepreneurship, should be viewed positively, and economic values should be accepted according to the economic development of the society, or cultural values ​​such as intellectual and financial independence, creativity and innovation, or social values ​​such as free and transparent dialogue and expression and preventing self-censorship, or political values ​​such as equality, political participation All-round to the extent that it does not conflict with the national-religious values, it can create deep changes in the moods and attitudes of the Iranian society and different generations, but these developmental values ​​can only be achieved by having media literacy. It is a realization. The current situation shows that there is no special program for teaching media literacy in schools and universities, and basically, modern media are considered harmful from the point of view of policymakers. Social, economic, political, and cultural development does not happen or happens with a delay, which will bring many negative effects and consequences. Based on this, the main question of the research is what effect does media literacy have on development values ​​with the approach of intergenerational differences?

The current research method was a survey and the data collection tool was a Likert scale questionnaire with good reliability and validity. The statistical population of all Tehrani citizens belonged to the three generations of the revolution, and the sampling method was a two-stage cluster. Based on the division of Tehran into rich, semi-rich, and low-rich sectors, 3 regions were selected from each region and then the studied generations were selected from each region. Based on Cochran's formula, 384 people were selected as a sample for the unknown statistical population at the error level of 5%, which increased to 400 people in each section. The total number of respondents was 1200 in the well-off, semi-well-off, and low-well-off sections, 400 questionnaires were distributed to each section, and 133 questionnaires were distributed in each region (44 first-generation people, 44 second-generation people, and 44 third-generation-people).

The results showed that media literacy has no effect on social values ​​and economic values ​​among the first generation, while media literacy has no effect on social values ​​and economic values ​​among the second and third generations. It has a positive effect. Media literacy has a positive effect on cultural values ​​among the first, second, and third generations.

In society, media literacy education helps to develop critical thinking and active participation in media culture. It aims to give people more freedom by empowering them to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media. Therefore, in general, it should be said that the different generations studied have been able to strengthen a level of media literacy skills in themselves, and this level of media literacy also strengthens the movement towards different development values. It is In this regard, it is suggested that: media literacy training by experienced teachers and experts in Tehran neighborhoods should be conducted regularly by the neighborhood management. It is suggested that to promote development-oriented economic values, laws should be passed in which the areas of legal discrimination or the promotion of positions and positions, especially for women, are eliminated, as well as fair wages and sustainable employment for disadvantaged groups. It is acceptable to arise. It is suggested that scientific and cultural centers in different regions of each season by holding ceremonies related to the celebrations of Iranian ethnic groups increase the level of social tolerance and, accordingly, promote cultural values ​​based on the creativity of different ethnic groups among the citizens.

One of the complex and disturbing issues of current societies that have attracted the attention of many sociologists is the issue of youth violence which is becoming more and more widespread. Violence is one of the social harms that have many harmful physical, psychological, and social effects. Violence not only affects the victim but also indirectly harms others in the community. The increase in the rate of violence and the victimization of violent crimes has increased in recent years, so that it has a major impact on the mortality of young people and adolescents in each country. Today, a large number of young people and adolescents carry firearms to save their lives, which indicates the relative insecurity of society. According to statistics recorded by legal centers, conflict and social violence have been on the rise in the country in recent years, and even this violence has peaked in men during the warmer seasons. Violence is a behavior that is observed in all countries and its victims are added every day and cause anxiety and insecurity of people, especially weaker and more vulnerable groups. The prevalence and increase of all kinds of violence in the society, in addition to the victims, also affect and endanger the social security and mental health of the people. Social media has been so influential in the online and offline lives of Internet users in recent years that forms of social communication have also been influenced by these new media. Introduction The topic of virtual social networks has been the main concern of Internet users in the world and in Iran since 2005 and for this reason, they are called the most powerful online media in the world. The multiplicity, variety of content, and numerous software and Internet capabilities are the features that have made the users of these networks very popular. The power to establish a network system between friends and like-minded users regularly is a feature of these networks. Today, it is mainly used to name websites where people can access other members' information, get to know their interests, share text, audio, and video products, and form interest-based groups. They find common ground with some other members of the base. The growing number of social media visitors reflects the many attractions of virtual communities to attract Internet users. One of the factors influencing violence among young people is the use of social networks. Violence is one of the social harms that have many harmful physical, psychological, and social effects, and the role of cyberspace on it is not known; therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of the role of virtual social networks in reducing violence among adolescents and young people.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted with a mixed approach. The statistical population of the study was the qualitative section of the experts of the university complex of the province and in the quantitative section, the students of the Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, and Allameh Tabatabai University. Using Cochran's formula, 384 people were selected as a statistical sample and selected by available random sampling method. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview and a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was assessed as content validity by referring to the opinions of 5 experts and professors of technology. Data analysis was performed using LISREL and SPSS20 software.

The results showed that the components of social networks including cultural, social values, communication, and ideological dimensions can be avoided by managing cyberspace policy along with increasing media literacy through integration, identity, civic character development, and student youth adaptation. Provided of violence.

In general, it can be said that social networks are effective in reducing violence among adolescents and young students; therefore, attention and planning for social networks is important in reducing crime and violence. In today's world, human life is interconnected with social networks, interconnected and interconnected communication networks have affected all areas, meanings and concepts, and everything in general. Network communication as the "basis of human communication activity" is transforming all human communication. It makes the world indigenous and the canvas global. The term social media is a subset of social media. Social media is a big concept that has emerged with the advent of new communication networks such as the Internet and mobile phones. Social networks are based on the interests of individuals and groups due to the location of the Internet. In fact, social networks are built on public participation. These social networking sites are increasingly drawing people into the online world by providing motivation and purpose to work in media that was previously unattractive. The main focus of these new media technologies is the simultaneous use of online and digital facilities concerning the audience. In this new relationship, the audience's behavior towards the media also changes and changes from a passive audience to an active audience. This two-way relationship creates a new structure in the new generation of media. In the new generation of media, in addition to the linear presentation, programs also have the property of being selected by the audience. Social networking sites have become a global phenomenon, with communities like Facebook having hundreds of millions of users. By creating friendly environments, these websites have brought the possibility of communication and harmony in social life for their users, but in addition to the advantages that social networks have, they have also created negative consequences and many challenges in people's lives. In other words, today, especially in our society, these networks are becoming a threat; these cases require an expert view to identify these threats and take steps to reduce or eliminate them.

The main purpose of this study was to design a value-based university model at Payame Noor University. In terms of data collection, it was a kind of field and library research. The statistical population consisted  46 experts,  philosopher, specialist  and key informants about value-based universities. Also in the quantitative section, there were 4850 employees, managers and deputies of Payame Noor University that based on Cochran formula participants included  350 persons. Data collection was curied out by semi-structured interview with open questionnaire and closed questionnaire. Then, data were analyzed through thematic analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, statistical methods, t-test, and structural equation modeling technique. The results showed that the values ​​formed the value-based university model at three individual, organizational, and social levels. At the individual level, the components of university-based values included science and awareness, spirituality, goodwill, creativity, interest in work, faith, insight, confidence and prosperity. At the organizational level, the components of value-based university  comprised altruism, respect for individual competence, law-making and consultation. Finally, at the social level, the components of value-based university consisted of accountability, positive community thinking, empathy, community engagement, and social ethics.

Health system, as a part of the wider social system, should consider social values in decisions for health prioritizing. This study was aimed at identifying social values considered in the health-related national documents.
This qualitative study was conducted based on the Clark-Weale framework to identify the social values in health related national documents. Identification of health-related basic documents (11 documents) was performed purposefully. Documents included Iran's Constitution Law, the 5-year development plan, national health insurance law, urban family physician program, health sector development map, Health Ministry foundation law and Health Ministry structure and organizational law. Each value was analyzed based on qualitative content analysis.
Different approaches toward considering social values were observed. While some documents had explicitly considered social values, some others had implicitly considered them. The health Road Map was the most comprehensive document in terms of considering social values. Equity was the most repeated value in documents and clinical effectiveness was not mentioned in any of the documents.
Although, the importance of social values has been increased in national documents during the recent years, it dose not have the same trend in different documents and each of them have emphasized on different social values. It seems that using national documents, as a practical guide, can be effective in achieving health system goals.

The fertility rate is related to economic، social and cultural factors and accurate identification of these factors is necessary. The concept of «value of children» is the nature and degree of parent''s assessment of their children that highlights the importance of social structure. By comparison studies between different generations and cultures and considering the importance of reducing the annual population growth rate and its outcome، the present study was evaluated the association of value of children and fertility rate in women. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 1392 on 512 women referred to Mashhad health centers. Data gathering scale was demographic questionnaire and Trommsdorff value of children questionnaire that consists four dimensions “Utilitarian-normative، emotional، family، and old age security”. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 16) and kolmogorovsmirnov، pearson and spearman correlation، ANOVA and Tukey test. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant. in present study “old age security” with an average 69. 65% have the most important and significant correlation between dimensions of value of children and only between the “family” dimension and the age exists significant relationship (p=0. 03). In this study، there was no significant relationship between dimensions of value of children and fertility (p>0. 05). value of children concept is a cultural dependant variable and fertility behavior in women mostly affected by personal and socioeconomic structure.

Congruity of values in workplace has a determining effect on personal and organizational outcomes. On the other hand, nurses provide invaluable services during the difficult times of sickness. The aim of this research was thus to investigate the relationship between personal and professional values among nurses working in hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. In a cross-sectional study, stratified sampling was used to select 103 nurses who were working in hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences during 2010. Their values were investigated by valid and reliable Rokeach Value Survey (RVS) and the Nursing Professional Values Scale (Weis and Schank). The collected data was analyzed by SPSS16. Our findings revealed a significant relationship between personal and professional values (P < 0.05). In fact, nurses felt congruity in their important values such as inner harmony with security, loyalty with trust and security, or a world at peace with honesty. In addition, although some personal values like freedom, creativity, obedience, and amnesty were significantly different between men and women (P < 0.05), no significant differences in professional values were observed between the two sexes. Our results showed that a congruity between personal and professional values among nurses. It can be concluded that congruity between personal and professional values would lead to appropriate person-job and person-organization relations.