جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "تمرینات تناوبی" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

The process of chronic diseases and aging is associated with reduced telomere length. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and low-intensity interval training (LIIT) on telomere repeat binding factor 1 and 2 (TRF1 and TRF2) in Soleus (SOL) muscle as a slow-twitch (ST) and Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL) muscle as a fast-twitch (FT) of mice skeletal muscle.

In this experimental study, the subjects were C57BL/6 mice (n=24) that were randomly divided into four groups of 6 mice: 1-Base control, 2-control, 3-high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and 4-low-intensity interval training (LIIT). The exercise included 5 days a week for 8 weeks. The gene expression of muscle tissues was measured using RT-PCR. The data were evaluated using two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test.

By comparing ST and FT muscles (p=0.791) and HIIT and LIIT groups (p=0.164) and also the interaction between muscle type and training intensity (p=0.929), there was no significant difference in the expression of TRF1 gene. There was no significant interaction between TRF2 gene expression in ST and FT muscles at different intensities (p=0.868). But the results of Tukey’s post hoc test showed that in terms of TRF2 gene expression, HIIT (p=0.031) and LIIT (p=0.035) groups showed more increase compared to the control group.

HIIT and LIIT similarly improved the telomere system in skeletal muscle of both muscle types, and this system was more affected by telomere elongation effect of TRF2.

Asthma is the most common disease in childhood that can impair lung function but can be prevented with asthma attacks to a large extent.Also the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of periodic exercises and respiratory muscles on some anthropometric and spirometric indices and strength and endurance of respiratory muscles in children with asthma. This study was a quasi-experimental research. It was administered to male students with asthma aged 10-12 years. The study samples consisted of 32 asthmatic patients, non-randomly screened. Subjects were divided into 4 groups: control, periodic exercise, respiratory muscles and combination group and one healthy control group.. Periodic training program using the Ergometer for eight weeks, three sessions per week for 30 minutes between 50 and 80 W / min.Respiratory Muscle Exercises were performed using a tail-specific exercise machine for two sets of 10 repetitive 10-second repetitions and 15 seconds resting with a closed nose once a day, three days a week, at 30% S-Index intensity. Every two weeks, its intensity increased by five centimeters. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA, covariance analysis, pair sample t test at p <0.05.. Anthropometric and spirometric indices and strength and endurance of respiratory muscles were measured before and after training.Results showed that weight, BMI and heart rate significantly decreased after eight weeks of intermittent exercise, respiratory muscles and hybrid compared to control (P <0.05).In FVC, FEV1 and FEV1 / FVC, there was a significant increase (P <0.05) after intervention in the groups compared to the pretest and the control group.Respiratory muscle strength in the periodic training, respiratory muscles and Combined group increased significantly (18.32%, 25.88% and 36.72%, respectively) compared to the pretest and control group.Respiratory muscle endurance also increased in the periodic training group, the respiratory muscles group and the combined group significantly 33.93%, 23.67% and 50.81%, respectively (P <0.05) compared to the pretest and control group. According to the findings of the study, it is suggested that combination of respiratory and periodic muscles exercises will improve spirometric parameters and strength and endurance of respiratory muscles.

Despite the beneficial roles of nitric oxide, its excessive synthesis causes neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the nitric oxide changes in the hippocampal tissue and the pain sensation of male Parkinson's rats after 6 weeks of continuous and interval training.

In this experimental study, 24 Wistar male rats were used. Rats were treated with Parkinson's using reserpine, and then divided into four groups (n=6). Aerobic exercise was performed for 6 weeks and 5 sessions per week. The duration of training increased from the first to the sixth week, it increased from 15 minutes on the first day to 40 minutes in the sixth week. The interval group performed the specified duration of the exercise twice in the first week, four times in the second to fourth weeks, and six times in the fifth to sixth weeks. At the end of 6 weeks, pain sensation was measured using formalin test and then rats were sacrificed. The tissue of the hippocampus was separated, and nitric oxide was measured using the ELISA method and special kits. The results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and LSD follow-up.

The results showed that Parkinson's disease increased nitric oxide levels (p ≤0.05). Continuous and interval aerobic exercise reduced nitric oxide (p ≤0.05). There was no significant difference between the two training groups (p ≤0.68). In addition, Parkinson's control group showed a significant increase in pain compared to the control group (p ≤0.01). Two types of exercise reduced pain (p ≤0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (p≤0.23).

According to the findings of this study, continuous and periodic aerobic exercise reduced nitric oxide levels and pain in the rats of the Parkinson's model.

Many elderly people are now suffering from Parkinson's disease, and the number of patients is growing along with the increasing elderly population. Moreover, there is also a decrease in the concentration of nerve growth factor (NGF) and antioxidant enzymes in the central nervous system of patients with Parkinson's disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the effect of 6 weeks of continuous and interval exercises on the hippocampal NGF and catalase (CAT) enzyme of a rat model of Parkinson's disease. 

This study was conducted on 24 male rats weighing 250 to 350 g. Reserpine was induced to develop Parkinson's among rats, subsequently, they were divided into 6 groups (n=4 in each group). Following that, the training was performed for 6 weeks. At the end of the exercises, the rats were anesthetized with ketamine and xylazine, and the hippocampal tissues were removed from other parts of the brain followed by measuring NGF and CAT enzyme. The results were analyzed using a one way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test. Ethics code: EE/97.24.3.70013/scu.ac.ir

The results showed that continuous and interval training had no significant effect on NGF, and both types of exercises increased the significance of NGF. Moreover, no significant difference was observed between the two training methods regarding CAT; however, the interval exercise had more effects on the CAT enzyme.

According to the findings of the study, it can be concluded that the two types of continuous and interval aerobic training can be employed to improve the NGF. Moreover, interval exercises can be utilized to improve CAT enzyme in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Type 2 diabetes is more prevalent in middle-aged women due to menopause, decreased body metabolism, and increased fat tissue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks aerobic periodic training with increasing intensity on insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and insulin resistance in middle-aged women with type 2 diabetes. In this experimental study, 30 middle-aged women with type 2 diabetes were selected through targeted sampling and randomly divided into two groups of 15 Interval training and control groups. The training group performed for 8 weeks an intensive training session on the Davis test on the monocular bicycle, So that in the first week, the subjects performed their exercises with 65% of their maximum strength and in the eighth week with 80% of their maximum strength. During this period, the control group did not participate in any kind of sports activities. For all subjects, body mass index, IGF-1 hormones and insulin resistance were measured using the HOMA-IR formula. To compare pre-test and post-test data in each group and between groups, t-test and independent t-test were used. Eight weeks of training had a significant increase in insulin-like factors and a significant decrease in insulin resistance in the experimental group (P≤0.001). These changes also showed a significant difference in comparison with the control group. High-intensity aerobic interval training through the effect on hormonal levels can be effective in improving the status of people with type 2 diabetes.

  High-intensity interval training (HIIT), compared with continuous training, can result in relatively more improvement in max exercise capacity, mitochondrial enzymes, and other cellular factors involved in energy metabolism. So the present study was aimed to examine the effect of six weeks of HIIT on the insulin resistance index, HOMA-beta cell, and atherogenic index among overweight men. The participants included 24 overweight men that classified into interval training and control groups. The participants became familiar with the laboratory environment in several sessions, and blood sampling along with the measurement of height, weight, body composition, and maximal oxygen consumption was performed. Fasting blood samples were collected from the participants’ brachial artery in order to measure their glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, HDL, and LDL before HIIT and 48 hours after training. The results indicated significant changes in insulin, insulin resistance, and beta cell function index, however, glucose, lipid profile, and atherogenic index did not show any significant changes. Although the HIIT exercises are performed during a short period of time, they feature the same beneficial effects as those of aerobic exercises and other forms of training that take relatively longer time. It could, therefore, be said that such exercises could help inactive and overweight people to improve their insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of diseases related to lipid profile, glucose, insulin, and high fat percentage. Therefore, it is suggested that overweight people, and even healthy people, benefit from this type of training

Recent evidence suggests that regular exercise training is effective in treating various aspects of cancer. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic interval training on monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) protein and expression of p53 gene in tumor of colon cancer mice.
The present study was conducted experimentally from May to October 2014 at the Exercise Physiology Research Center of Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Twenty BALB/c mice of age 3 weekly with a mean weight of 17.6±1.4 grams were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups: control (N=5), interval training (N=5), colon tumor (N=5) and interval training犉 tumor (N=5). The cancer was induced by subcutaneous injection of a carcinogenic azoxymethane (10 mg/kg) once a week for three weeks, and aerobic exercise was performed with rodent treadmill for 8 weeks and 5 days a week. Forty-eight hours after the last training session, the mice were cleared and colon removed. Measurement of MCT1 protein was performed by ELISA and commercial kits (ZellBio, Germany). Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to determine the relative expression of p53 gene. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U tests.
The results showed a significant increase in MCT1 protein (P The findings of the study showed that aerobic interval training reduced the protein content of MCT1 and increased the expression of p53 gene (as a tumor inhibitor) in the tumor of colon cancer mice. These factors are portions of the mechanisms involved in cancer cell metabolism by which aerobic interval training shows part of its therapeutic effect in colon cancer.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a kind of autoimmune and chronic disease of the central nerve system. Fatigue is the most common cause of disability among those who are affected with MS. It may increase due to sleep disorder and reduce patients’ quality of life. Since exercise as an alternative treatment is thought to be effective for MS-affected people, this study aimed at investigating the effect of interval aerobic training of upper and lower body on fatigue, quality of life, sleep and function of female MS-affected patients.
The present study was a semi-experimental type which was done with pre and post-tests. For this purpose, 25 female MS-affected patients EDSS≤3 participated in the study and were divided into two groups of control (10 people) and experimental (12 people) randomly. All of the participants answered quality of life (MSQOL-54), fatigue (FSS) and quality of life questionnaires before training. Also, VO2max, maximal power of upper and lower body and their functions were measured. The experimental group had upper and lower body interval aerobic training by means of arm and leg ergometer cycle for eight weeks (three times a week). The data were analyzed with dependent and independent t-tests and variance analysis.
The findings of this study indicated that after eight weeks of upper and lower body interval aerobic training, fatigue decreased while quality of life, function and VO2max of the patients significantly increased (p0.05).
Interval aerobic training of upper and lower body improves quality of life, function and VO2max. Moreover, it decreases the major sufferings of MS-affected patients which is fatigue. It also increases their mental and physical functions.

Salivary immunoglobulin A is the main component of immune system in upper respiratory tract. Thus this study examined the effects of continuous and intermittent trainings on resting level and acute response of mucosal immunity in male basketball players. In this study 20 male basketball players performed 8 weeks continuous and intermittent trainings. Every fortnight the intensity and the volume of trainings were increased. At the beginning (week 1) and the end of the study (week 8) five ml un-stimulated saliva were collected from each subject before (rest condition) immediately and one hour after one bout exercise to exhaustion on treadmill to determine exercise induced changes in basal mucosal immunity. In addition saliva samples were collected every two weeks before training. The amount of S-IgA and total protein were measured and then data were statistically analyzed using t-test and ANOVA. One bout exercise training in week 1 caused significantly decrease in s-IgA (P

In serious competitions in order to keep the acquired fitness, athletes are advised to reduce the exercise intensity before starting the races. This technique is called taper. The purpose of this study was to compare four usual procedures of Taper and effect of them on the Hematological responses by measuring Vo2 max, hematological and biochemical factors.Methods and materials: Sixty semi professional athletes, 20 to 35 years old with Vo2 max between 30-45 three milts/kg/min were selected. Exercises were in three stages and took for eight weeks. In the first stage, which lastd for 4 weeks athletes did moderate intensity exercise three days a week and 30 minutes a day. Second stage started after the first stage with vigorous exercise three days a week and 45 minutes a day that lasted for two weeks. In the third stage taper, the subjects were randomly divided into four groups. The program of the first group was two days week and exercise intensity so was done with 85%, 75%, 65% and 55% of maximum exercise intensity. Second group program was two days a week exercise with 50% of maximum exercise intensity. The third group program was two days a week exercise with gradual reduction of exercise intensity. The fourth group had only rest. At second and sixth weeks after doing progressive exercise and taper, blood samples were taken from the cases and were sent to a reliable diagnosis lab. Collected data from different taper methods were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and no significant difference between biochemical factors (P>0.05) was seen but the data showed a significant difference among Vo2 max values after using these methods (P=0.04). In addition, there was significant difference in hemoglobin, hematocrit, M.C.H, M.V.C, platelets, W.B.C and Vo2 max when measured in second week, sixth week and later on Taper (P<0.05). According to the results of this study, taper III has a considerable effect on semi professional Hematological responses.