جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « جداسازی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Human mesenchymal stromal cells are multipotent cells capable of differentiating into the mesenchymal lineage that can be isolated from bone marrow and adipose tissue or from umbilical cord blood and fetal tissues. Among the widely characterized in vitro properties, MSCs show strong anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects on immune responses Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells derived from different tissues are promising cell-free treatments for tissue damage repair. Exosomes serve as a potential portal for cell-free drug delivery systems, as these drugs possess the properties of the parent cell from which they are derived. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play key roles in cell biology and may provide new clinical diagnostics and therapies. Exosomes, called extracellular vesicles (EcVs), are present in almost all cells, tissues, and body fluids. They contribute to intercellular signaling and maintain tissue homeostasis. The biogenesis of exosomes starts in the endosomal system. Researchers have identified 9769 proteins, 2838 miRNAs, 3408 and 1116 lipids present in exosome of mRNA cargo. Isolation of exosomes from cells, tissues and body fluids follows a different pattern. Exosomes interact with receptor cells through their surface receptor molecules and ligands and are internalized into receptor cells through micropinocytosis and phagocytosis. This varies depending on the origin of the EV, its physiological and pathological state, and even the exact site of cellular release. The composition of the protein inside can also indicate the presence of disease pathologies such as cancer or inflammatory diseases; However, exosomes also contain a number of common proteins as well as proteins involved in vesicle formation. Advanced technologies in regenerative medicine have caused researchers to use exosomes isolated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with high regeneration ability in diseases. Exosome cargo plays a key role in diagnosis and treatment by controlling the disease process. Various studies in laboratory conditions have shown the effectiveness and therapeutic potential of exosomes in cancer, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular and orthopedic diseases. This article describes the therapeutic role and potential of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells, as well as the necessary precautions for their processing.

Solid phase microextraction (SPME) is a sub-sample extraction method that has been developed to solve some of the challenges associated with sample preparation as well as to integrate different stages of analysis into one system. SPME is a solvent-free, cost-effective, efficient, and high-performance sample preparation technique. This technique combines all the extraction steps into one step. In the recent years, combining SPME with analysis tools has been very efficient for sampling and analyzing multiple compounds and a lot of research has been done on the benefits, applications, and advancements of this technique. This study also introduces SPME along with its various aspects and fields of application.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease patients are certainly the most challenging ones for weaning from mechanical ventilation. Mortality in these patients compared to others due to failure in the weaning process is more than seven times. The present study was performed on the population of ventilated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease purposes of determining cut-off points of New Integrative Weaning Index (NIWI) and conventional indexes and comparing differences between their predictive components.

The observational prospective, triple blinded study was conducted in 2012-2013 on 180 hospitalized COPD patients in critical care units of selected hospitals in Tehran in two groups including cut-off points determining group and determining different predicting weaning factors group. The process of weaning was based on the same and defined protocol. The ROC analysis was used to determine the cut-off points group and the predicting factors were used in the other group.

The highest area under the curves was devoted to Rapid Shallow Breathing Index (0.927) and NIWI (0.878). The highest sensitivity was related to NIWI with 100% and the highest specificity was related to RSBI index 90%, the positive predictive value to RSBI Index was 87.5%, the negative predictive value to NIWI with 100% and highest diagnostic accuracy related to RSBI was 98.67%. The cut-off point and the most desirable components predicting weaning were RSBI, NIWI, P0.1, and NIF indexes, respectively.

The NIWI index can be used as a complementary predictive indicator for weaning from mechanical ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients due to its good predictive components.

Today, plastics have a special place among the various issues that are considered as sources of pollution. Most of these plastics are in the dimensions of Micro and Nano. One of the most important sources of Microplastics transfer is wastewater treatment plants, where a large amount of these particles, which are not removed in the treatment process, enter the receiving environment. The purpose of this study is to first determine the optimal method of identifying and extracting particles from wastewater for counting and then to investigate the amount of removal and also to determine the amount of particles leaving the treatment plant.Sampling of inlet and outlet of wastewater treatment plant located in Mazandaran province was done seasonally in three seasons of spring, summer and autumn to determine in which season of the year, the amount of microplastics in wastewater increases or decreases. Also, the extraction and identification method is based on acid washing operation and based on creating a density difference, which has resulted in a favorable result with optimization and innovation.Using this method, the amount of Microparticles and microfibers along with the size and shape of the particle was determined and it was determined to what extent the normal treatment process is able to separate Microplastics from wastewater. The treatment plant can remove an average of 95% of the particles, which means that the remaining 5% of the particles are removed with the effluent and enter the aqueous environment.Finally, it was found that the determined laboratory method can identify and extract Microplastics in very small sizes to a very desirable extent. Also, determining the appropriate parameters of liquid volume, salt consumption and the use of dual capacity iron increased the efficiency compared to other methods and led to the identification of smaller particles than previous research.

Extracellular vesicles (EV) are nanoscale vesicles that were previously thought to be secreted into the bloodstream by apoptotic cells. Today, EVs have been demonstrated to be secreted by almost all cells in the body, which contain valuable biomarkers for early diagnosis of a wide variety of diseases, particularly cancers. Efficient separation of EVs encounter challenges due to the presence of proteins and lipoproteins. Hence, the need for a time-saving and non-invasive diagnostic method with the ability to quantify isolated EVs, which is also applicable to resource-limited situations, can be the major necessities to advance EV-based diagnostic studies. The aim of the present study was to provide a relatively rapid and efficient method for isolating EV from blood as an important biological fluid in humans.

In this case study, with the combination of size exclusion chromatography and ultracentrifuge, EVs were successfully isolated from human blood plasma samples within an hour. To confirm the isolation process according to MISEV guidelines, three tetraspanin membrane proteins CD63, CD81, CD9, and one luminal protein TG101, were evaluated as positive protein markers and connexin protein as a negative marker by Western blot.

The maximum presence of positive markers and the absence of negative markers in F7 to F9 fractions were confirmed. Additionally, their size distribution evaluation was done using the DLS technique with an average diameter in the range of 100 nm. Quantification of the protein content of EVs was also performed by BCA assay.

The present study shows that the combination of high-speed centrifugation and size-based chromatography methods is very effective in isolating EV from the blood plasma of individuals

Due to the side effects of invasive techniques, the use of non-invasive techniques with continuous monitoring has been considered by health centers. In this study, invasive and non-invasive techniques for monitoring arterial blood gases were compared during patientschr('39') weaning from mechanical ventilation after cardiac surgery.

In a descriptive-cross-sectional study, 70 patients who were candidates for cardiac surgery were assessed during 1397 at Jamaran Heart Hospital and the values for oxygen saturation and carbon dioxide measured by non-invasive methods (pulse oximetry and capnography) and invasive (ABG) were compared

The results of the study showed that there is a difference of 1.7±4.54 between the copography and PaCO2 values, and a difference of 0.92±2.29 between the SPO2 and SaO2 values. There was a positive and significant correlation between ETCO2 and PaCO2 (P<0.001, r=0.43). There was also a correlation between SPO2 and SaO2 numbers (P=0.03, r=0.25). The results of the linear regression test showed that ETCO2 and SPO2 can predict PaCO2 and SaO2 using the following formula, respectively. PaCO2=20.61+0.45(ETCO2), SaO2=63.65+0.25(SPO2).

Capnography and pulse oximetry can be used as non-invasive, inexpensive, and safe methods in weaning patients from mechanical ventilation after cardiac surgery. For a more detailed examination, it is recommended that studies be performed with a larger sample size, as well as in patients with different physical conditions and severity of the disease.

One of the challenging issues in the principles of jurisprudence and especially the rights of Iran, the question of the possibility or impossibility of carrying out the punishment on crimes committed by twin attached to this issue on two axes: the possibility or impossibility of separating them in terms of ordering the separation of the Clinging can be done.The findings have shown that, firstly, the court can assume the possibility of separating them in the assumption of the possibility of separation and the lack of physical security, even if they are dissatisfied with them. Secondly, if alternative sentences are not possible for imposition of imprisonment, such as retaliation and the impossibility of separation, alternative punishment has not been foreseen. Third, there is no possibility of separation in the assumption that it is impossible to separate the twins from one another in the state of intervention, one of them in the crime and the impossibility of conversion or punishment alone. The third, and the probability of a great deal of infidelity in Qisas, is Diyah.

The aim of this study was to compare different isolation methods to obtain stem cells from adult human third molars pulp and investigation on their potential of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation.

Dental pulp was isolated by three ways: 1) direct culture of pulp pieces, 2) enzymatic digestion of pulp using collagenase and dispase, and 3) direct culture of pulp pieces and fixing it with lamella. Stem cell surface markers were analyzed by flow cytometry method. Adypogenic and osteogenic differentiation were verified by Oil Red O staining and Alizarin Red S staining, respectively.

The growth of cells cultured after enzymatic digestion was faster than those isolated by other methods and the use of lamella increased the risk of infection and cell damage.

Dental pulp stem cells isolated with enzymatic digestion has faster growth and might be as an available resource both for research and tissue engineering.

  Due to the lack of direct potential effects and physiological outcomes of each method of weaning from ventilator, none of the weaning methods was recommended on the other. The present study was carried out in order to compare the breathing outcomes of weaning from the ventilator into two methods of ventilation with pressure support and T-piece in patients in the intensive care unit of Urmia Imam Khomeini Educational-Treatment Center in 2017-18. This descriptive analytical study After obtaining the Ethics License from the Regional Ethics Committee at the University Research was carried out on 44 patients in the intensive care unit which patients who were eligible to be considered in study, was chosen and were located the number of 22 patients in Group A (weaning by pressure support ventilation) and 22 patients in Group B (weanhng by T-piece method). Data collection were collected using the patients file, the demographic questionnaire and the checklist of the assessment of the respiratory status. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 and descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and analytical tests including parametric tests (T test and ANOVA) and nonparametric (Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon and Friedman). There was a significant difference between the two weaning groups terms of the two criteria of peak inspiratory pressure and arterial blood oxygen saturation (p<0.05). In other outcomes, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0/05). Despite the differences in the peak inspiratory pressure and oxygen saturation of arterial blood between the two groups, there was no significant difference in terms of other weaning outcomes. So doing supplementary studies in this context is recommended.

Monocytes are a key component of the immune system, which play an important role in inflammatory and innate immune responses. So the isolation of these cells is important in immunology researches and accordingly many methods have been developed for the monocyte isolation. One of the least expensive and simple separation methods is using the ability of these cells to adhere to solid surfaces that were examined in this study.
In this way, after the isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), monocytes were isolated from cell suspension by using the adhesion ability of these cells to the plastic surface.Isolated monocytes were stained by using specific antibodies labeled with fluorescent dyes (PE, FITC) binding to specific markers on the surface of monocytes CD11b and CD14 and the purity of cells were characterized by flow cytometry.
Flow cytometry results after separation of monocytes shown that 90.2% of cells were expressed two markers CD11b and CD14.
Although there are several monocyte isolation methods, each of them have advantages and disadvantages. One of the least expensive and Simple method of isolation is using adhesion ability of these cells that provides possibility of monocyte isolation with high purity.

In recent years, Mesenchymal stem cell functions have been at the center of attention of researchers. Evidence shows that Mesenchymal stem cells act as paracrine manner and thus, biological agents such as exosomes and soluble factors are present in the supernatant that can act as same as Mesenchymal stem cells. Therefore, isolating exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells and determining their properties and their validation can be used to achieve therapeutic goals in autoimmune diseases and cancers. The use of exosomes isolated from soup and supernatant mesenchymal stem cell culture does not have any of the risks and problems of cell therapy, and also it is more effective than cell culture
In this study, adipose-derived Mesenchymal stem cells were used, after the identification of Mesenchymal stem cells, Mesenchymal stem cells were separated from supernatant using the ultra-centrifugation method. Concentration is determined by Bradford method and also their qualitative properties were determined using an electron microscope and Dynamic Light Scattering.
after culturing and passaging Mesenchymal stem cells, supernatant were collected after 48 hours and its exosomes were separated with a diameter of 40 to 100 nm using an ultra-centrifuge with an approximate acceleration of 60000g. Its Average concentration was 630 mg / ml, and the electron microscope images show that the membrane was not damaged during the separation process and spherical structure was maintained. Analyzed results from the Light differential device shows that almost 70% of the particles have an average diameter of 50-90 nm.
Comparing the two methods of isolating with acceleration of 100,000g and 60000g from the results obtained in other experiments, exosome particles are more pure using acceleration of 10000 g, but using the acceleration 60,000 g, larger particles of exosomes such as Microvesicle may be seen, but ultimately due to difficulty of accessing of a centrifuges with an approximate range of 100,000 gm, separation with the lower accelerations are also applicable. Also, the isolation of mesenchymal derived stem cell exosomes and its mass production may be considered as a bio-safe product in the treatment of diseases.

Easy access, quick recovery and high therapeutic potential of monocyte cells, led to special attention to this cell in cell therapy. Monocytes are flask-adherent cells. Therefore, it is important to find a suitable separation methods with minimal damage to the cells and their functions. This study was done to investigate the comparison between monocytes functions after isolation with three different protocols including: lidocaine / EDTA, trypsin and cold PBS / EDTA.
In this experimental study, isolated mononuclear cells (1×107 cell/ml) from the peripheral blood of BALB/c mice were incubated for 4 hours in T25 culture flasks in RPMI culture mediua. After the incubation time, non-adherent cells (mainly lymphocytes) were separated by two washes. Then, tree different method including trypsin, lidocaine and cold PBS, were used to isolate adherent monocytes. The functional activity of monocytes was evaluated after isolating cells by each method. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. p The results showed that the isolation rate, viability, metabolic activity, phagocytosis percent respiratory burst, yeast cidal and the levels of nitric oxide in cells that were isolated using lidocaine were significantly higher than other groups. However, trypsin led to isolate more cells than the cooled PBS but these cells had more physiologic impairment compared to lidocaine / EDTA or cold PBS / EDTA. Neutral red uptake by trypsin isolated monocyte was lower the cells isolated by other procedures. The results indicate there is no significant difference for neutral red intake between cold PBS and lidocaine.
lidocaine / EDTA is a valuable procedure to achieve higher calls with appropriated efficacy compared to trypsin or cold PBS / EDTA procedure.

Bone marrow (BM) has been regarded as the primarily source of hematopoietic stem cells for many years. Recent researches have shown BM contains not only hematopoietic but also heterogeneous non-hematopoietic stem cells. Till now, similar or overlapping isolation strategies of primitive non-hematopoietic stem cells in BM were named by different investigators and hence were assigned different names (e.g. mesenchymal stem cells, or multipotent adult progenitor cells) from alternative sources and different animal species. The differentiation potential of these cells to mesenchymal lineages has generated a great deal of interest in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Murine Mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs) are appropriate models for preclinical investigations on human cell therapies. The isolation of BM-derived mMSCs is discussed as an unresolved issue in mesenchymal stem cells researches. The objective of the present review is the description of multiple methodological approaches to isolate mMSCs.

Weaning from mechanical ventilator is one of the most challenging issues of hospitalized chronic obstructive pulmonary patients in intensive care unit. Introducing new index to anticipate the patient's weaning from mechanical ventilator with more successful probability is so paramount. The study had two-fold purposes including 1. Determining cut-off points of vahedian one and common indices RSBI, P0.1, NIF, CROP, and IWI in the population of chronic obstructive pulmonary patients; and 2. Comparing different weaning factors from mechanical ventilator of vahedian one and RSBI, P0.1, NIF, CROP, and IWI indices in the population of chronic obstructive pulmonary patients.
Present study was an observational, prospective multi center trible blinded clinical trial that conducted from January 2013 to March 2014 in the population of hospitalized chronic obstructive pulmonary patients in critical care unit's of selected hospitals in Tehran in two groups including cut off points determining group (n = 90) and determining different predicting weaning factors from mechanical ventilator group (n= 90). The process of weaning from mechanical ventilator conducted same in both groups and was based on the defined protocol. ROC analysis used to determine cut off points in the first group and predicting factors in the second group.
Six indices Vahedian one, RSBI, IWI, P0.1, NIF, and CROP were comparing from different predicting weaning factor's view. Generally, RSBI, vahedian one, IWI, P0.1, NIF, and CROP indices were devoted the most favorably factors to itself, respectively. The highest area under the curves were devoted to RSBI (0.927) and vahedian one (0.888) indices.
Although the proposed index than other common indices has more components in weaning process from mechanical ventilator, but RSBI index in addition to simply, devoted to itself the most desirable characteristics of predictive weaning from mechanical ventilator. Furthermore, it is suggested that RSBI index use along with subjective, objective, and respiratory distress symptoms monitoring in the population of chronic obstructive pulmonary patients.

Mycoplasma is the smallest self-replicating bacteria polymorphic are having a diameter of about 200-500 nm, and lees cell wall. Because of their small size and flexibility to easily pass through the filter membrane and contaminate represented. These organisms are unique in nature, the wide range of diseases among animals, especially respiratory & genitalia diseases were among the rodents.The aim this study was to isolate and identify the molecule Mycoplasma of Rats.
With aim to isolation of mycoplasmas pulmonis, the tracheal samples were collected and cultured on the medium 243 and Microaerophilic was placed. Genomic DNA was isolated from bacteria grown. 16srRNA gene amplified with PCR. The PCR products, finally to identify the bacteria was purified, sequenced were a BLAST.
Macroscopic studies on the isolated colonies showed fried egg colonies were established. Based on the 16SrRNA sequencing studies, this bacterium belonging Mycoplasma genus & had 99% similarity to Mycoplasma pulmonis.
Due to the lack of similarity of 100%, a new strain of bacterium, Mycoplasma pulmonis strain IRMT179 name were called. Finally, the gene bank was recorded with acceptation number KP836312. This study is the first time in Iran; Mycoplasma pulmonis was isolated from the respiratory tract an urban rat.

Cryptococcosis is aopportunistic fungal infection. Current disease form occurs as a pulmonary form and as a chronic, subacute and rarely acute disease. Cryptococcal infections mainly occur in immunocompromised patients. This study was done to isolate Cryptococcusneoformans var. gatti from different regions of Iran.
Iran was divided to 3 regions including north, south and central areas. Areas with Eucalyptus trees are randomly selected covering total regions. In north area (Mazandaran and Golestan provinces), in central area,( Tehran, Esfahan and Fars provinces) and in south area,( Khuzestan and Hormozgan provinces) were selected. 495 samples were collected from leaf, soil, flower and air around the Eucalyptus trees during 6 months and were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar (S) and Sabouraud dextrose agar supplemented with chloramphenicol (SC) media. Niger seed agar and l-canavanine glycine bromothymol blue were used as differentiation of Cryptococc-usneoformans var. gatti.
Findings: Total of 13 Cryptococcusneoformans var. gatti were identified which 3 isolates (2.5%) were from Khuzestan province, 10 samples (9.2 %) isolated from Mazandaran and Golestan provinces but no cases were isolated from central area .From total isolates, 1 case from 113 flowers samples, 3 cases from 171 leaves samples, 4 cases from 40 air samples and 5 cases from 171 soil samples, identified as Cryptococcusneoformans var. gatti.
Discussion & A significant difference was observed in isolation of Cryptococcusneoformans var. gatti from soil and air, also asignificant difference was observed between presence of yeast in air and soil samples (P

Today, entrance of wastewaters, especially detergent and cleaner agent’s production industries wastewaters, to surface and underground waters is one of environmental pollution concerns. These wastewaters are containing detergents and surfactants, such as polysorbates and, because of exposure of human and other organisms, their degradation is of great important. This research analyses degradation of a non-ionic detergent in polysorbate group called Tween 80 (polysorbate 80) and studies effect of pH and temperature on degradation rate of this detergent, using lipolytic bacteria (isolated from Tehran oil refinery wastewater and activated sludge). For primary isolating of lipolytic bacteria, the TSA medium containing Tween 80 and olive oil has been, separatively, used. Then specific culture Tween agar and Tributyrin agar have been used to study for lipase enzyme bacteria production. Also for confirmation degradation, instrumental methods, spectrophotometer and FTIR were used. The results shows that the isolated bacteria are able to depredate polysorbate 80 by lipase enzyme production. Bacillus cereus was known as the best degradator after the identification of the molecular basis of sequencing 16S rRNA. Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 (T), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other Bacillus sp was known. The results showed that pH and temperature affects on the degradation of tween, and the Pseudomonas aeruginosa at acidic range of pH, two gram positive bacillus at alkali range of pH and three bacteria at 37 ˚C have the best degradation.

Weaning a patient from mechanical ventilator is a critical step in the process of treatment at CCU which takes a long time of mechanical ventilation. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between effective respiratory indexes in weaning process and the importance of each index in scuccessful prediction of weaning from the mechanical ventilator. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study in which 251 patients undergoing CABG, aged above 20, with ejection fraction of more than 30% were selected through convenience sampling in Shahid Rajaei Hospital. Respiratory indexes before weaning from mechanical ventilator were recorded. For all the patients undergoing the surgery, under pump and the duration of anesthesia were identical. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, logistic regression, and independent samples T tests. In this study among the effective respiratory indexes in weaning from mechanical ventilator before CABG, peak inspiratory pressure (β=0.9) was the most effective one on predicting weaning consequence. According to the results of this study, respiratory indexes had the highest effect on predicting weaning consequence (β=0.9). Therefore, it is recommended to use this index in determining patient's preparedness for being weaned from mechanical ventilator and predicting weaning consequence as a valuable clinical index.

Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) is a plant pathogen that is an important mortality factor in immune-compromised and hospitalized patients. We aimed to Isolate and Characterize the Burkholderia Cepacia Strains from Hospitalized Patients in the Hospitals of West Guilan Province. This study was conducted on 90 saliva and blood samples obtained from patients with blood infection, pneumonia, asthma, patients connected to the monitoring and ventilator systems, and immune-compromised patients in different sections of hospitals such as the pediatrics, internal section, ICU and CCU. Primary screening was performed by cultivating the samples on Burkholderia cepacia selective agar (BCSA); Sensitivity to antibiotics was tested by Kirby-Bauer and Muller-Hinton Agar (MHA); and the separated isolations were recognized by strengthening the gene rec A. Of 90 isolated samples, only one strain suspected B. cepacia was isolated from 24-year old women with asthma. This strain was resistant to bacitracin, pipracillin and ciprofloxacin antibiotics. The incidence of B. cepacia is rare in western part of Guilan province, which is congruent with the results of overall incidence in Iran.