جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « حافظه ی فعال » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Given the fact that there is contradictory evidence regarding the effectiveness of computerized cognitive rehabilitation interventions, the present study intended to compare the potential effects of non-computer and computer-based cognitive rehabilitation interventions on the memory of stroke patients in Tabriz.

To this end, we conducted a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group design. The population of the study included individuals who were admitted to a hospital in Tabriz, Iran, for the treatment of stroke. After identifying patients who met the inclusion criteria on the base of purposive sampling, 45 stroke patients were randomly selected and assigned to two experimental groups (15 in the computer-based group and 15 in the non-computer group) and one control group (15 in the waiting list). To measure the dependent variables of the research, Wechsler’s Digit Span subscale and Folstein’s MMSE were used. The cognitive rehabilitation therapy was performed three times a week for 7 weeks for the non-computer experimental group. The computer-based rehabilitation intervention using Captain’s Log software was delivered during the same period.

The results show that both computer-based and non-computer cognitive rehabilitation interventions are equally effective in improving working memory (visual and auditory) of stroke patients.

It can be concluded that the unsubstantiated orientation towards the quality and quantity of using new computer-based interventions is not desirable and that the potential of both computer and non-computer interventions should be used to improve the memory of stroke patients.

Based on the findings, specialists can use the potential of both non-computer and computer-based cognitive rehabilitation interventions in improving auditory/visual working memory function of patients with stroke.

The present research aimed to study the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for children and cognitive-behavioral play therapy on improving sustained attention and working memory in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest and two experimental group design. Fifty-nine children with attention-deficit disorder were selected based on sampling method available The study subjects were randomly divided into two experimental groups of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for children and cognitive-behavioral play therapy (n=30 children/group). The employed inventories consisted of continues performance test (CPT) and Wechsler memory scale (W.M.S). The CPT test was presented in 1956 by Resold. It measures the sustained attention and impulsive control. Richio et al. (2017) expressed the reliability of this test 0.59 – 0.93. The Wechsler memory scale was published by Wechsler in 1945 and revised in 1987,1997, and in 2009. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient were expressed 0.92 for Wechsler memory scale by shadkami et al. (2012). The obtained data were analyzed by Repeated Measured using SPSS. The significance level was considered to be 0.05.

The present research results indicated that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for children and cognitive-behavioral play significantly improved the sustained attention and working memory. There was no significant different between the effectiveness of provided intervention methods on sustained attention and working memory.

Based on the current research finding, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for children and cognitive-behavioral play are effective methods to improve sustained attention and working memory in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Lumosity is a computer game for enhancing and improving the memory and brain efficiency of the elderly.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Lumosity on working memory, visual memory, and executive functions of the elderly living in nursing homes.

The present was an experimental study based on a pretest-posttest design. The statistical population consisted of all the elderly aged 65-70 years living in nursing homes of Bukan, in 2019. Some of them who were able to read and write were selected as the sample by using purposive sampling and then they were randomly assigned to the control and test groups. In this study, the Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT), the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) were employed for measuring working memory, executive functions, and visual memory, respectively. The data were finally analyzed by the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) in SPSS-24.

The results showed that Lumosity was effective in working memory (F=18.856, P=0.001), visual memory (F=7.97, and p=0.009), and executive functions (F=9.94, p=0.004) at the 95% level of confidence. The results also indicated that there was a significant difference between the pretest and posttest mean of the studied variables, revealing the positive effects of Lumosity on working memory, visual memory, and executive functions of the participants.

Since the use of computer games, including Lumosity, can improve major cognitive functions, such as executive functions and memory, such games are recommended to be applied in nursing homes for rehabilitating the elderly.

Postpartum depression is one of the main problems in women's general health, which has a significant effect on the health of mother and child.

The general purpose of this study was to compare the executive functions of problem solving and working memory in women with postpartum depression and women without postpartum depression.

The mothers that referred to Tabriz health centers in 1396, were those who came there 30-40 days after their delivery time. 35 people, who were selected by available sampling method and screened by responding to the postpartum depression questionnaire, were placed in two sample groups; 16 mothers with postpartum depression and 19 healthy mothers matching in terms of age and education. The measuring tools included: Computerized test of the Hanoi Tower for problem-solving and N-Back note test for measuring working memory. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).

The results showed that in executive functions of problem solving and working memory both groups did weaker. It can be said that postpartum depression can create different conditions in terms of cognitive-neurological functions in individuals.

Identifying and understanding these factors can lead to a variety of therapies, in addition to helping them better understanding the disorder.

Prospective memory is an important precursor for independent living adolescents and can dependent on other executive functions.
To this end, this study aims to investigate the role of executive functions (working memory and inhibition) in predicting the event- based and time-based prospective memory of the adolescents.
This study was conducted in the form of a correlation pattern. The study population consists of high school students in Azarshahr city in the academic year 1393-94. In this study, 150 students (male=67 and female=83) with a mean age of 16.5 year were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Prospective memory testing, working memory and continuous performance testing was used in order to collect data. Then, data were analyzed by Pearson correlations and multi-variable regression.
The results showed that the executive functions (working memory and inhibition) with a correlation coefficient of about 0/52 could define 0/27 percentage changes of event- based prospective memory and with a correlation coefficient 0/37 could only define 0/13 percentage changes related to time-based prospective memory. Meanwhile, only working memory and standard deviation of reaction time of visual continuous performance testing could predict event- based prospective memory positively. Furthermore, only working memory could predict time-based prospective memory.
As a result, we can say that working memory operates as an underlying mechanism in the improvement of prospective memory.

One of the most important learning disabilities is spelling learning disability which is accompanied by memory problems and Visual Perception. To improve the spelling performance of students with learning disabilities a certain of strategies were used to strengthen working memory and visual perception.
This study was a Quasi-experimental research with pretest-posttest design and control group. The statistical population included 123 students from third grade elementary school in Kermanshah city. The sample group consisted of 24 students who were selected and randomly divided into two groups, experimental (n=12) and control (n=12) groups. In order for a differential diagnosis of spelling learning disability from other disorders, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (fourth Edition) was evaluated. Strategies to strengthen working memory and visual perception during 10 sessions were applied to the experimental group while the control group did not receive any training.
Results of covariance analysis model showed that ,with control of pre-test effect there is a significant difference between the experimental and control group in post-test (p The results of this study indicated that strategies to strengthen the working memory and visual perception, improves the performance of students with disabilities in the spelling both in total score and in subscales of the test (picture writing, error detection, diagnosis intensifies on the desired letter, correction finding, word coinage, word completion, recognition of homophonic letters, placement of full stop, punctuations and writing the educational and text spelling).

The present study was conducted to assess the ability of retrieving specific materials from working memory among PTSD veterans’ children in their teens. The sample comprised 131 high school students who were selected and assigned to 3 groups (PTSD veterans’ young children, young children of veterans without PTSD and young children of healthy individuals). The mentioned groups were then tested with regard to depression, anxiety and working memory. Results in¬dicate that PTSD veterans’ children have lower performance in working memory tasks than healthy parents’ children do. The research also indicates that the state of depression and anxiety in PTSD veterans’ children is higher than healthy parents’ children. Findings have also shown that PTSD and non-PTSD veterans’ children have lower performance in working memory tasks compared with healthy parents’ children.