جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "داروهای ضد سرطان" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

One of the effective drugs in the treatment of cancer is dexamethasone. Dexamethasone is known as one of the safest glucocorticoid, but there is still side-effects, due to its hydrophobicity and low bioavailability. The purpose of the present study is to design a controlled release carrier for dexamethasone in order to overcome constraints and reduce side effects.

In the current experimental study, electrospun fibers were prepared in three Polylactic acid concentrations of 10% (w/v), 14% (w/v) and 18% (w/v) containing 5% (w/v) dexamethasone and were broken by aminolysis process using 1.6 diaminohexan / isopropanol. The morphology of the fibers and broken fibers was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The amount of drug loaded and cumulative percentage of drug-released from the broken fibers was determined in 144 h.

The result of fiber morphology evaluation showed that fiber diameter of 18% (w/v) compared to 14% (w/v) and in 14% (w/v) compared to 10% (w/v) increased by 13.1% and 17.5% respectively. Length of broken fibers in sample 18% (w/v) compared to 14% (w/v) and in the sample 14% (w/v) compared to 10% (w/v) decreased by 24.07% and 7.8%, respectively. The drug loading efficacy in broken fibers was 85%. The cumulative release of dexamethasone from the broken fibers increased with increasing polymer concentration.

The design of a polylactic acid non-spherical controlled-release release system with a zero-degree release model can be useful for increasing therapeutic efficacy and reducing the side effects of high-dose dexamethasone.

Cytotoxic waste management is one of the significant issues in healthcare system. The aim of the present study was to review studies conducted on investigation of possible levels of cytotoxic drug residues in hospital effluents.

All peer-reviewed journal articles on investigation of possible levels of cytotoxic drugs residues in hospital effluents which were published before May 2019 were investigated. 51 publications which were mostly published between 2011 and 2016 were included.

Anticancer medication continue to enter hospital effluents and urbane wastewaters. Hospital effluents seem to be one of the main sources of water contamination in this regard. Cytotoxic drugs and their metabolites are detected in hospital effluents in different countries across the globe. Platinum-based antineoplastic drugs, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide and tamoxifen were found with higher concentrations across different studies.

Hospital waste management is one of the most important issues in health care system. According to the results of the present study, cytotoxic drugs residues are detected in the effluents of oncology wards of the investigated hospitals. Therefore, establishment of strict rules and regulations, provision of cytotoxic waste disposal and removal for the purpose of inactivating cytotoxic drugs in hospital effluents prior to entrance of the effluents to the sewage treatment systems is mandatory.

Occupational Dermal exposure to Antineoplastic Drugs is the one of the most important routes in Healthcare staffs. Several antineoplastic drugs have been classified as carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Regards to this issue investigation on Dermal exposure to Antineplastic Drugs in healthcare staffs is nessessary.

In this Descriptive and correlational study, the use of DREAM method for Determination Dermal exposure in chemotherapy personnel was investigated in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. By Assessment of probability and intensity Emisson exposure, Deposition exposour and transfer exposure for all of body parts calculated. Then potential and actual exposure calculated and Chemotherapy divisions Classificated based on they're DREAM average score, forthermore we assessment correlation between various dermal exposure scores and occupational and demographical parameters.

Maximum deposition dermal exposure (Mean=1.409 , SE=0.127) was for the Baghaeepour division staffs. Maximum Transfer dermal exposure (Mean=3.500 , SE=0) was for the Imam Hassan division staffs and Maximum Emmission dermal exposure(Mean=0.980 , SE=0.114) was for the Internal-1 division staffs.  Respectively the Maximum potential and actual dermal exposure calculated (Mean= 5.133 , SE= 0)  was for the Imam Hassan division staffs  and (Mean= 1.164 , SE= 0.152) )  was for the Internal-1 division staffs.

Depending on findings although DREAM is a time-consuming and has somewhat complicated calculations to be used as an daily assessment tool, It can be used as an effective tool For initial assessment of the skin exposure in working environments.