جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « رشد کودکان » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Investigating the effect of environmental factors, such as parental guidance and upbringing during their childhood and adolescence, requires a long-term longitudinal study. In such research studies, we cannot come to a firm conclusion or result after a short-term education or psychological development program. This article describes the designed protocol to the longitudinal survey on the personal development of Iranian children and adolescents.

After reviewing similar global experiences in designing such surveys, the Iranian longitudinal survey on the personal development of children and adolescents was designed. The study has been designed for five waves and is performed every two years. The longitudinal sample at the beginning of the study comprises children aged 0 to 11. Several questionnaires were designed for families, parents, children, adolescents and young people, teachers and principals of schools in which the child is studying, as well as caregivers at home and kindergarten. In this survey, a three-stage probability sampling method with stratum at the provincial and national levels with two different scenarios is proposed.

A roadmap for longitudinal study on the development of Iranian children and adolescents was designed and presented. Thirteen questionnaires were designed. Also, the sampling method and the method of implementing survey was determined in different waves.

In this article, for the first time, Iranian longitudinal survey of children and adolescents have been designed. The aim of in-depth and comprehensive study of the children and adolescents is to analyze how individual, family and educational factors affect children's growth and development.

Assessment of national children's growth indicated a high prevalence of growth failure among them. Many previous projects have studied the children’s growth & nutrition status but most of them have not evaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mother's participation project after passing two years. In this descriptive and Summative evaluation study, 90 mother and child pairs were enrolled. They studied in two case and control groups. Case group consist of mothers(n=90) who tended in “mother’s participation projects “in 2003 and Control group were mothers in Dastgerd center who has been matched with case group and were not participated in this program. Data collected using children growth chart and questionnaire was used in the project. Obtained data was analyzed by SPSS software and nonparametric statistical tests. The results showed significant differences between two groups in following items; mean of maternal self-esteem (p<0.001), maternal performance in training others (p=0.006), weekly study time (p=0.004), frequency of mothers participation in education programs (p=0.002), their knowledge about the growth monitoring card (p=0.03),their ability in drawing growth curves (p<0.001), Mothers knowledge about types of growth curves (p=0.001)and the objectives of growth monitoring (p<0.001). Considering the sustained improvement of maternal knowledge and function regarding children’s growth and development after 2 years of participation in the project, the performance of CIPP model was confirmed in this field.

Physical growth in infants is the most important health indicator. In fact many ‎factors influence infants’ physical growth. Because of complete dependence of infants to their ‎mothers and role of mother care and health behavior is important for health promotion.‎

This research is a correlational descriptive study done with the aim of determining ‎relationship between maternal health behaviors with physical growth pattern in children under ‎one year.‎

Data collection tool was a questionnaire including two sections: the first part ‎included demographic characteristics of mother and child, and second part included three ‎sections for measurement of health behavior about nutrition, sleep and preventing disease in ‎child under one year. Information related health behavior was completed with reading ‎questionnaire and measurement of physical growth was Recorded from file. ‎‏362‏‎ mother and ‎their children under one year were selected randomly.

Research finding about physical growth of child less than one year showed that most ‎of them (‎‏57.5%‏‎) had unfavorable physical growth. Also the results about health preventing ‎indicated most of (‎‏57.7%‏‎) sample had suitable health behavior and about sleep most of (‎‏88.7%‏‎) ‎them have unsuitable health behaviors. Result showed that there was significant correlation ‎between mother’s health behavior in all three domains and child physical growth according to ‎mother and child’s demographic characteristics (p<‎‏0/001‏‎).‎

Results showed that most of the mothers of childern had suitable health ‎behavior about children’s nutrition (‎‏69.2%‏‎) sleep (‎‏19.3%‏‎), and prevention of disease (‎‏86.5%‏‎).And ‎also children had favorable physical growth and there was a significant correlation between ‎maternal health behavior and child physical growth pattern (p<‎‏0.001‏‎).‎

Background and Growth defect is one of the prevalent problems in pediatric. Ïn addition to the significant effect of protein and lack of calory on growth, zinc is also reported as effective factor in growth of milk feeded infants. Ïn this study the effect of zinc sulfate supplement on weight and hieght of the infants referring to the pediatric endocrine disease clinic of Boalo hospital was studied in the years 2001-2002. This was a double-blind placebo controled clinical trial done on the infants being referred from the sari health centers due to growth disorders. The subjects were divided in three groups as follow: severe malnutrition (SDS<-3), moderate mulnutrition (with SDS between 2-3) and normal infants or mild malnutrition (SDS>-2). Ïn order to neutralize the interfering factors, they were divided in 3 groups of bad, moderate and good on the basis of socio economic status. Ïn general, the subjects were created in 9 frames and randomly were divided in two case and control groups. Both of the groups were instructed about the need for energy and protein, and also for reduction of taking less nutritional food stuff. Ïn the case group zinc sulfate with dose of 5 mg/kg (1 mg/kg/zinc) was given dailty. Weight and height of the infacts prior and after interferance was compared, and serum zinc level prior to and after interferance was controled. T-test, X2 and paired-t test were used for comparison of the obtained results. 44 infants (23 girls and 12 boys) were under study. 21 persons were in case and 23 persons in control group. Both of the groups had similar basic features. Duration for administration of the drug was 3.3 months and followed up for 4.7 months. The obtained results are indicater of increasing in weight (P<0.02) and hieght (P<0.001) in both of the groups, but the differance between the above groups has not been significant. Most increase in weight was observed in group two (with moderate malnurition) P<0.0005. Âlso zinc sulfate reduced onset of gastroenteritis in case group (P<0.005).Çonclusion : Zinc sulfate had no effect on weight gain in the subjects under study. Ït seems that growth indexes have improved due to amendment of nutritional status and provision of energy and protein. May be administration of zinc would reduce gastroenteritis. Similar study in the province with zinc difficiency is recommended.

Background and The evaluation of growth monitoring in children is one of the important sources of information to detect malnutrition. The objective of this study was to determine the trend of infant growth from birth to two years in rural communities of Babol and to compare it with NÇHS standard. This study was based on the existing data in growth monitoring system available in Babol communities under coverage of health centers. 429 registered births between 1996 to 1998 were selected using cluster sampling technique. Percentiles of height and weight were calculated and compared with NÇHS standard. Results show that, the weight in 67.5% of infants was between 50th and 97th percentile of NÇHS standard at first month. This figure declined by increasing the age in such a way that, in the weight percentile was between 50th and 97th NÇHS 45.2% at 6 months, 42.6% at 12 months and 44.2% at 24 months. When these figures were compared between boys and girls, 5% to 20% were less in girls than the boys. The results also show that the 50th percentile of weight for boys up to 12 months and for girls up to 6 months is higher than 50th percentiles of NÇHS standard, but then after, up to the age of 2 years becomes lower than 50th percentile of standard. Âlso height growth disorder starts at the age under 1 to 3 months, in such a way that at first month, the 50th percentile of height is close to NÇHS, but after 3 months deviates from NÇHS. Â significant difference was observed between 50th percentile of height and weight of the cases under our study and NÇHS (P<0.05). Çonclusion: The results indicate that Ïranian infants growth can not be evaluated with NÇHS standard. Hence it is necessary to provide national and local growth curves for Ïranian children.

We evaluated 229 cases of children who were born in the first half of the year. These cases refered to the ten health centers in Rasht in 1995. There were 116 (50.66%) boys and 113 (49.34%) girls in this research. We saw that 96 boys were feed through the breast milk in the first four months, and 20 boys were feed through the formula and we saw 102 girls out of 113 were feed through the breast milk and 11 girls were feed through the formula. According our growth chart we understood that: 1) New separate chart is needed for breast fed Infants. 2) Breast fed infants were leaner than their counterparts, the slower growth and lower energy intake of the breast fed infants were associated with normal accelerated development and they were less morbidity from infectious illness. We had shown that breast feeding has increased about fifth fold. It is due to promotion of breast milk feeding with the university and health centers. The rule of Islamic religion was an important factor in the promotion of breast feeding. Finally the most important factor which was effective in the loss of breast milk, is insufficient breast milk that it is misapprehension.