جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "روش های درمانی" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

This study was performed to meta-analysis of available studies on the effectiveness of treatments and offer effective treatment for prisoners suffering from mental disorders. The research method was meta-analysis. The study population included all studies with experimental and quasi-experimental designs from 1991 to 2017 in 1124 cases was about the prisoners. 50 studies that had criteria for entering the meta-analysis were selected using a census method. Data collection was done through a researcher-made checklist. The calculation of effect size was done through index r by CMA2 software. the effect size index of all studies according random effects model was t r=0.603 and cognitive therapy with the effect size of r=0.669 was evaluated as the most effective treatment method. In general, the use of therapeutic methods for the treatment of mental disorders in prisoners is effective and the effect of the Cohen classification is high.

Obsessive:compulsive disorder (OCD) is the fourth common disorder. It is accompanied with repetitive thoughts or behaviors, or even both that can impair personal and social life. Until recent years, it was very difficult and often unsuccessful and has been associated with recurrence. In the past, there was no precise understanding of the pathophysiology of mental diseases until recent years, using advanced molecular techniques such as genomics, proteomics and metabolomics. Great transformation in the understanding of this type of disease is ongoing. This article presents a mini-review on obsessive-compulsive disorder and related aspects to provide a better understanding of this complex disease.More than 100 scientific articles from different sources including Science Direct, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Springer and Pubmed were chosen from 1984 to 2015 for this aim. Studies have been shown that the cause of this disease is multi-factorial. Variety of genes and environmental factors play significant role. In fact, dopamine, serotonin and glutarmatic pathway genes are closely related to these phenotypes. In addition, environmental factors can be refers to teratogenic factors during fetal development or soon after birth, or even certain bacterial infections and brain injury. Either medication or behavior therapy and sometimes both are the options for OCD treatment. The WHO has named it as the tenth paralyzing anxiety disease.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global health problem and is a factor for progressive liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and epatocellular carcinoma. HBV is an envelope, double stranded DNA virus with a genome of approximately 3200 base pairs. It has been classified into eight major genotypes (A-H) and multiple subtypes, and HBV genotypes have distinct geographical distribution of the world. WHO estimation of HBV prevalence, suggests that there are nearly two billion people worldwide who have been infected with this virus and more than 350 million of people live with chronic infection (up to 5% of the world population), of these; near one million people die annually from complications of chronic hepatitis B, which is the 10th leading cause of death worldwide. Throughout the world, carrier variability rate for hepatitis B infection is estimated to be 0.1% to 20%, with regions classified as having low (<2%), intermediate (2-7%) and high (>8%) endemic. In Iran, it is estimated that near 30% of population have been exposed to HBV and the endemicity is intermediate, with a carrier rate 1.3%-3.8% in the different provinces of this country. In Iran, the HBV vaccination program has been started in 1993 and after that, Iran can be considered as one of the countries with low HBV infection endemicity. The most genotype circulating in some provinces of Iran were genotype D in different clinical forms of HBV infections. The distribution of HBV genotypes may guide us in determining disease burden. It is important to have information about the epidemiology of HBV as response to therapy and vaccination to control HBV infection. Therefore, its successful treatment has major value in quality of life of patients infected by HBV. This study designed a systematic review of chronic HBV infection to determine the successful treatment and following HBV positive patients.

Constraint-induce movement therapy is one of the treatment methods to treat those who have stroke disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) on quality of life، function and range of motion of upper extremity of patients with stroke. This study was conducted in 15 patients in accordance to random clinical trial during the treatment operation، the patients were asked to restrict their upper extremity movement with orthopedics sling for 3 days per week and each day for 8 hours. They were asked to practice on affected upper extremity for 2 hours while their hands were restricted. Additionally، the present study was conducted for 6 weeks. The statistical analysis illustrated that quality of life was significantly changed which measured by SF36 test (p=0. 008). Furthermore، the upper extremity function which was assessed by Box & Black test was statistically analyzed by t-coupled; in this regard، it showed a significant change when the treatment ended up (p=0. 009). However، active range of motions in wrist extension and elbow extension did not significantly changed (p=0. 227). Based on the results، it can be implied that Constraint-induce movement therapy is an effective method for improvement of life quality and the upper extremity function. Three mechanisms are discussed: involvement of non used affected limbs، neural plasticity in CNS، and amelioration of mental and physical health of patients can be resulted in life quality and patients'' hand improvement.

Stroke is one of the main reasons that would cause disability in adult population. The patient prefers to use his non-involved limb for self-care activities that called disuse learning of involved upper extremity.Constraint-induced therapy is one of the rehabilitative intervention that seems to improve motor ability and functional use of involved upper extremity in some of patients with hemiparesis after stroke. The aim of this study was to investigate the time effects of constraint-induced therapy on functions, coordination and movements of upper extremity of adult patients with hemiplegia. In present study, 15 patients with stroke participated in structured therapy sessions (CIT) emphasizing more affected upper extremity in different activities five times a week for 12 weeks and 2 hours a day and non-involved upper extremity were also restrained five times a week for 12 weeks and 5 hours a day The data was analyzed with paired t-test. The scores of different subtests of Fugl-Meyer test such as shoulder and forearm, wrist and hand movements, coordination and speed of involved upper extremities showed significant differences between pre and post interventions in different time periods (p>0.05). Test scores increased up to 8 weeks but no significant increase was seen after 8th week. Dexterity measurements by Minnesota Manual Dexterity test showed significant differences between pre and post intervention in different time periods (p < 0.05) with maximum increase up to 10 weeks The present data showed that constraint-induced therapy could be an effective approach to improve function and overcome disuse learning. The results of this study revealed that scores of Fugl-Meyer and Minnesota Manual Dexterity test would reflect functional skills improvement.