جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « فاجعه سازی درد » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Chronic pain results from a complex interaction of biological, psychological and social factors that causes the experience of pain. The purpose of this research was to identify the structural model of chronic pain based on mindfulness, social support and life events with the mediating role of psychological distress and pain catastrophizing.

This was a descriptive-correlational study with structural equation modeling. The study population included all patients suffering from chronic pain with musculoskeletal and rheumatoid arthritis related pain, which had referred to Tehran medical centers for follow-up in 2023. A total of 496 people were selected using the convenience sampling method. They completed the McGill Pain Questionnaire (1957), the Bauer Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (2006), the Perceived Social Support of Zimmet et al. (1988), the Pickel's Stressful Life Events (1971), the Leviband's Depression, Anxiety and Stress Questionnaire (1995) and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale of Sullivan et al. (1995). Research data were analyzed using SPSS-26 and AMOS-23 softwares using Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling.

The results of the structural equation model indicated that this model fits the experimental data well. The direct effects of the standard pathway mindfulness coefficient and the amount of stressors on chronic pain were significant (p<0.01) and the direct effects of social support and the number of stressors for chronic pain was insignificant. Additionally, the effects of standard indirect path coefficients for mindfulness, social support and the number and the amount of stressors with the mediating role of psychological distress and pain catastrophizing on chronic pain was significant (p<0.01).

Mindfulness, social support and life events play an important role in explaining chronic pain through the mediation of psychological distress and pain catastrophizing. Therefore, the findings of this study can be used in more detailed planning of psychotherpeutic interventions for patients with chronic pain.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive chronic disease that can have an effective role on the psychological status of these people due to physical disability and chronic pain. Considering the importance of this issue, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of compassion-focused acceptance and commitment therapy on catastrophizing and acceptance of pain in people with MS.

The statistical population of the present clinical-trial study included all MS patients of Borujerd, Iran, registered in the MS Association in 2022. Fifty participants voluntarily participated in the present research and were randomly divided into two groups; 25 people in each group. Treatment group sessions based on acceptance and commitment with a focus on compassion included 10 90-minute sessions that were held once a week for the intervention group; but the control group did not receive any intervention during this period. In the present study, Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire – Revised (CPAQ-R) were used. Data analysis was done in SPSS-24 statistical software using repeated measurement variance analysis.

The results indicated that the intervention was significant over time on the variables of pain catastrophizing (F=5.347, p=0.007) and pain acceptance (F=30.446, p=0.001). In fact, the results of the Bonferroni test displayed that in the treatment group, there were changes between pre-test and post-test (p=0.001) and pre-test and follow-up (p=0.001) in the variables of pain catastrophizing and acceptance. There was a significant difference in pain, but no significant difference was observed between the post-test and the follow-up, which indicated the stability of the treatment effect over time. No significant difference was observed in the control group.

In general, it can be concluded that acceptance and commitment therapy with a focus on compassion had an effective role in reducing pain catastrophizing and increasing pain acceptance in MS patients.

Cancer is one of the most common diseases in the world today that in addition to causing physical problems causes psychological problems for patients. One of these problems is pain catastrophizing.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of psychological resilience and mindfulness in predicting pain catastrophizing through mediating role of positive emotions in patients with cancer.

This study was a descriptive and correlational research. The statistical population included all Adult cancer patients (over 18 years old) in Kerman in summer and autumn of 2021, that a total of 141 patients were selected as the sample using purposive sampling. For data collection, Standard Pain Catastrophizing Scale, PANAS Positive Affect Schedule, short form of the Freiburg Mindfulness Questionnaire and Connor and Davidson Resilience Questionnaire, were used. For data analysis, path analysis and Pearson correlation methods were applied by using AMOS software version 24 and SPSS version 23.

Results showed that the direct path of resilience (-0.27) and positive emotions (-0.32) to pain catastrophizing and direct path of resilience (0.24) and mindfulness (0.16) to positive emotions were significant. Also, the results of path analysis showed that the final model of the research had the goodness of fit (CMIN=0.373, NFI=0.99).

The results showed that positive emotions mediate the prediction of pain catastrophizing based on psychological resilience and mindfulness. It is suggested that therapists and cancer-related institutions include treatment programs related to these factors.

This study investigated the effectiveness of logotherapy on death anxiety, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, and severity of pain in prostate cancer patients.Subjects and

The research design was an experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. At first, 40 hospitalized men in a treatment center were selected by using the purposive sampling method. The experimental group was treated for eight 45-minute sessions by training logotherapy. All subjects completed the questionnaire at the beginning of the study, immediately after the intervention, and one month after the treatment (one-month follow-up). For data analysis, 1-way analysis of variance was used.

The results indicated that logotherapy in the experimental group was more effective than the control group in reducing death anxiety, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, and severity of pain in prostate cancer patients. The follow-up results also showed that the effect of logotherapy was sustained on death anxiety, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, and severity of pain in prostate cancer patients.

The results showed that Logotherapy has an effect on death anxiety, pain catastrophe, pain acceptance and pain intensity in patients with prostate cancer

Health literacy is the ability to receive, process, understand and understand health-related information and services in order to make appropriate health decisions. The health literacy for breast cancer patients plays an important role in accessing adequate diagnostic and therapeutic measures. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of Pain catastrophizing in the relationship between health literacy and specific quality of life among patients with breast cancer.

 The present study was a cross-sectional and correlational study in terms of method and was basic science in terms of purpose. In this cross-sectional study, 213 consecutive patients with breast cancer were selected based on the inclusive and exclusive criteria. Then, the patients completed questionnaires of Iranian version of health literacy, quality of life and Pain catastrophizing. Data were analyzed using SPSS and LISREL software by path analysis model.

All components of health literacy and specific quality of life were significantly correlated with Pain catastrophizing. Also there was a significant association between health literacy and specific quality of life. The findings showed that as far as the health literacy is Increase, the Pain catastrophizing scores significantly are also decrease.

It seems that Pain catastrophizing plays the mediating role between health literacy and specific quality of life among patients with breast cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the relational model between these factors for development of psychological protocols and integrating those protocols in therapeutic plans for breast cancer patients.

Given the high comorbidity of mental conditions and chronic pain in cancer, there is a need for development and administration of interventions for this population. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-integrated cognitive-behavioral therapy (MiCBT) in breast cancer pain management.

In this clinical trial, 24 patients with breast cancer from Omid Hospital in Mashhad were selected via a purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups of intervention (N = 12) and control (N = 12). The participants were assessed using the Short Cancer Pain Scale, Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, and Pain Catastrophizing Scale before, immediately after, and one month after the intervention. The participants in the intervention group received MiCBT for 8 weeks. The control group did not receive any intervention from the research team during the research period. Descriptive statistics (percentage, frequency, mean and standard deviation), chi-square tests, t-tests, and multivariate analysis of covariance were used for data analysis.

After controlling for the pretest scores, there were significant differences between control and intervention groups in perceived pain, pain catastrophizing, and pain self-efficacy immediately and one month after the intervention (P > 0.001). The perceived pain, pain catastrophizing decreased and pain self-efficacy increased immediately and one month after the intervention (P > 0.001).  Eta square showed 0.85,0.78 and 0.70 change in perceived pain, pain catastrophizing, and pain self-efficacy immediately and one month. In the follow-up phase, Eta squre were 0.87,0.75 and 0.79 for perceived pain, pain catastrophizing, and pain self-efficacy respectively.

MiCBT is effective in improving pain, pain self-efficacy, and pain catastrophe in patients with breast cancer. Therefore, considering the cost-effectiveness and availability, this program is recommended as a complementary treatment for breast cancer patients.

Pain leads to avoiding dangerous and unpleasant stimuli; thus, it plays a significant protective role in preserving human life. A pain with low severity that lasts for more than a month is called chronic pain. Chronic pain generates enormous and distressing issues, such as demoralization, emotional disorders, personal restrictions, social and professional activities restriction, increased drug use, repeated referrals to the healthcare centers, and the spread of disease impact to other parts of the patientchr('39')s life. Most of the patients with chronic pain, despite receiving pharmacotherapy, experience pain. Besides, if they are unable to compromise with the condition, their quality of life could be significantly affected. Furthermore, pain catastrophizing consists of the exaggerated negative attitude to actual or anticipated pain experience that increases the pain intensity, distress, and disability in patients with chronic pain. Psychological therapies assist the patient to efficiently cope with pain and its associated symptoms. Moreover, the active participation of patients could enhance their sense of self–efficacy concerning the ability to prevent and control pain. Subsequently, this process reduces the pain–induced inability. The metacognitive approach, instead of including challenging with dysfunctional thoughts and beliefs about chronic pain, involves communicating with thoughts in a manner that prevents individuals from resisting pain and enables them to eliminate inconsistent thinking strategies about anxiety. The current study aimed to explore the effects of metacognitive therapy on pain relief and quality of life in patients with chronic pain.

This was an experimental study with pretest–posttest–follow–up and a control group design. The research statistical population consisted of patients aged >30 years with chronic pain who referred to medical centers in Ahvaz City, Iran, in 2019. In total, 30 patients who met the study inclusion criteria were selected through the purposive sampling method. Then, the study subjects were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (n=15/group). The experimental group received nine 90–minute individual treatment sessions; however, the control group received no intervention. The study inclusion criteria included the age range of 30–65 years, experiencing chronic pain, the ability to attend meetings and collaborate on performing home tasks, no severe psychiatric disorders, no history of attending other psychological therapy or training, and no alcohol or drug use. Additionally, the ethical considerations, such as describing the research purpose to the study participants, patient satisfaction, and confidentiality of research data were met in this research project. To collect data, the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) (Melsak, 1997), the Quality of Life Questionnaire (QoLQ) (Weir & Sherborne, 1992), and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) (Sullivan et al., 1995) were implemented. At the beginning and end of the group meetings, pretest and posttest assessments were conducted. Eventually, 2 months after the posttest run, all of the study inventories were re–performed as the follow–up step. The protocol used in this study was based on the Adrian Wells approach. The obtained data were analyzed using frequent measurement methods in SPSS and R 3.5.3 software at a significance level of 0.05.

The present study findings revealed that metacognitive therapy education significantly impacted the studied dependent variables in the research subjects. Moreover, there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of pain catastrophizing and quality of life (p<0.001). On the other hand, the results show that the time effect factor affected (p<0.001). Therefore, pain catastrophizing and quality of life demonstrated a significant change over time in the experimental group, compared with the controls. As a result, metacognitive treatment significantly reduced pain catastrophizing and increased quality of life in the explored patients with chronic pain (p<0.001).

The obtained data proposed that metacognitive therapy provided a positive and considerable effect on reducing pain catastrophizing and improving the quality of life in the investigated patients with chronic pain. Consequently, it is recommended that metacognitive strategies be used as a formal treatment protocol in healthcare and counseling centers. This intervention should be presented by therapists who have received the necessary training throughout the country.

Diabetes is one of the chronic diseases with high mortality and economic costs. In this disease, there is an increase in the sensitivity of the nervous system to pain stimuli and development of diabetic hyperalgesia. Patients with diabetes usually suffer from psychological symptoms after the diagnosis and during the treatment process. In addition, during the adaptation to illness, the patients experience psychological distress (i.e., anxiety, depression, and stress). In the meantime, catastrophizing in these patients can increase the sensitivity to pain and attention to pain. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment in the reduction of distress and pain catastrophizing among these patients.

This is a pretest and posttest semi-experimental study with control and random groups. The present study was carried out on all diabetic patients with chronic pain, including 30 men and women, referring to the Pain Clinic and Amiralmomenin Hospital of Zabol, Iran, in the second 6 months of 2017 using targeted sampling and clinical interview. The subjects entered the treatment process according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The samples were randomly assigned to 15 subjects in the experimental and 15 patients in the control groups. The instrument of this study was the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, Sullivan Catastrophizing Scale, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). The ACT included eight psychotherapy sessions based on the acceptance and commitment the experimental group received by the psychologist. However, the control group did not receive any intervention.

According to the obtained results, the two groups were significantly different in terms of distress and pain catastrophizing in the posttest stage with the control of the pretest effect (P<0.0001).

The obtained results of this study indicated the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment in the reduction of distress and pain catastrophizing among diabetic patients with chronic pain. Therefore, the use of this treatment technique should be considered by psychologists and other therapists in this field.

According to individual differences, patients suffering from cancer show different reactions. So, the purpose of this study is the comparison of resilience, coping style and pain catastrophizing in cancer patients and normal people.
This study is ex post facto method. The target society of the research included all of the cancer patients in the hospital of Shiraz city that coming for Chemotherapy, out of which a sample of 60 patients was selected convenient method. Also, we used caregivers of cancer patients for choosing normal samples and out of which a sample of 61 normal people was randomly selected. They completed Resilience inventory (Conver & Davidson,2003), coping stressor situation inventory (Andler & Parker, 1995), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (Sulivan, et. al., 1995). The findings were analyzed through descriptive statistics, Multivariate variance analysis using SPSS version 22.
Results showed that patient groups in comparison with normal groups have a significant difference all variables concept control, spiritual effect and avoidant coping style. Also, results showed that men groups in comparison with women groups have no significant difference in variables.
According to results, cancer can make difference between patient and normal groups in resilience, coping style and pain catastrophizing. Therefore, we suggest making comprehensive care plan in patients suffering from cancer for reinforcing resilience and coping style with decreasing pain catastrophizing.

In recent decades there had been considerable progress in the research works on chronic pain، perhaps as a consequence of costs and challenges associated with this problem. The aim of this study was to compare rheumatoid arthritis patients and healthy individuals in regard to fear of pain، pain catastrophizing and catastrophic cognition. In this study we selected 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 100 healthy individuals from a public hospital using census sampling method. After informed consent، demographic variables such as age، sex، level of education، duration of illness were recorded for every subject. We used three questionnaires of fear of pain (FPQ)، catastrophic cognition (CCQ) and scale of pain catastrophizing (PCS) in this study. Multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) showed significant differences between the two groups in regard to the three cognitive variables of «fear of pain»، «catastrophic cognition» and «pain catastrophizing» (P<0. 05). These results suggested that fear of pain; catastrophic cognition and pain catastrophizing were important cognitive factors contributing to aggravation of pain in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The results of the current study are consistent with basic assumptions of cognitive–affective model which emphasizes the importance of the ‘pain experience’ as potential modulators of the pain–cognition relationship.