جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « نسبت دور کمر به دور باسن » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) is a potent activator of glucose uptake associated with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and obesity. The aim of this study was to assess relationships between the anthropometric parameters, body composition, and FGF-21 gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in healthy young adults.

This cross-sectional analytical study included 30 healthy young adults from Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1401. The FGF-21 gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Linear regression was used to assess relationships of anthropometric and body composition parameters with the gene expression.

The median (interquartile range) age and body mass indices of the participants were 22 (21–26) years and 23.3 (21.25–3.6) kg/m2, respectively. Significant inverse relationships were detected between FGF-21 ΔCT in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and body mass index (β = -0.516), waist-to-hip ratio (β = -0.477), total fat mass (β = -0.412) and visceral fat (β = -0.514) (p < 0.05). This indicated that higher values of these variables were associated to the increased FGF-21 gene expression. No significant relationships were observed between the muscle mass and FGF-21 gene expression.

Results of this study demonstrated significant positive associations between the FGF-21 gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the body composition, waist-to-hip ratio, fat mass and visceral fat in healthy young individuals. Further studies are warranted to verify alignment of FGF-21 gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, as easily accessible human cells, with serum levels.

Introduction & Proportion of Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) is an indicator of abdominal obesity, which is supported by some studies but rejected by others. The aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of the WHR and obtain suitable cut- off points for detecting obesity among adult Iranians. In this cross-sectional-descriptive study the sample consisted of 19366 adults. The data collection took place from 2009 to 2014, using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). The following data were obtained: WHR, Percentile of Body Fat (PBF), To-tal Fat (TF), and Soft Lean Mass (SLM). Sensitivity and specificity, based on World Health Organization’s Gold Standards were calculated for both sexes at three age groups. The data analysis included t-test, chi-square, ROC curve, and linear regression. All study variables were correlated with each other. Age was only correlated with the WHR. Percentages of sensitivity and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) were 84.2% and 85.6% in women; 21% and 50.7% in men. Increase in age was associated with increase in sensitivity in men and women, and NPV in men. The suitable cut-off points for men and women were found to be 87.5% and 83.5%, respectively. Waist-to-Hip ration is a suitable indictor of obesity for Iranian women but not men, especially among those who are under 59 years old.

Background and Polycystic ovary syndrome (PÇÔS), a common endocrine disorder with lipid disturbances, is associated with increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease and central obesity. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the postparandial lipid level with waist-to-hip ratio and insulin in women with PÇÔS in comparison with a control group. This case-control study was conducted at Fatemat Zahra Ïnfertility Çenter in Babol on 20 women with PÇÔS and 20 healthy women as controls who were matched according to age and had a body mass index between 20 to 23 kg/m2. Waist-to-hip ratio, insulin, glucose tolerance test, the levels of fasting and postparandial triglyceride, cholestrol and HDL-cholestrol were all measured and compared between the two groups. Ïn comparison with the control group, women with PÇÔS had higher levels of postparandial triglyceride (203.6±121.5 mg/dl VS 117.7±41.5 mg/dl, P=0.018), postparandial cholestrol (210.1±36.9 mg/dl VS 169.9±29 mg/dl, P=0.001), FBS (91.6±11.7 mg/dl VS 81.8±14.2 mg/dl, P=0.023), insulin (131.7±25.2 ÏÜ/dl VS 75.2±18 ÏÜ/dl, P=0.033) and waist-to-hip ratio (0.87±0.06 VS 0.74±0.14, P=0.001). The levels of fasting triglyceride (158.1±68.9 mg/dl VS 118±35.9 mg/dl, P=0.029) and cholesterol (189.9±32.6 mg/dl VS 154±25 mg/dl, P=0.000) in PÇÔS women were higher than that of the control group. There was no relationship between the level of lipids with insulin level and waist-to-hip ratio.Çonclusion: The levels of insulin, fasting and postparandial triglyceride and cholesterol in women with PÇÔS were higher than the healthy group. Ït seems that waist-to-hip ratio and insulin level had no effect on this relationship.

• Previous studies in Iran used the World Health Organization (WHO) cut-off points to determine visceral obesity and no studies used the suggested cut-off points. This study was performed to investigate the correlates of central obesity based on the optimal cut-off values in a representative population of women.• In a cross-sectional study of 926 women aged 40-60 years, usual dietary intakes were assessed by means of a semi quantative food frequency questionnaire. Demographic data and anthropometric indices were collected according to standard protocols. The suggested cut-off points for waist-to-hip ratio (WHR ≥ 0.84) were used to determine the correlates of visceral obesity. The components of dietary intakes were determined by factor analysis.• Mean WHR was 0.82 ± 0.06. There was a higher tendency for central obesity among less active women (odds ratio: 2.11; 95% confidence interval: 1.40-2.53). Depression (1.36; 1.02-1.93), smoking (1.21; 1.02-1.56), and unemployment (1.41; 1.13-1.72) were correlated with central adiposity. Marriage (1.31; 1.10-1.82), menopause (1.22; 1.02-1.61), low vitamin C intake (2.31; 1.25-4.25), and low calcium intake (1.30; 1.07-3.78) were also associated with central fat accumulation. We found an inverse relationship between dairy consumption and central obesity (r = -0.2, P < 0.05).• Since adverse fat accumulation is associated with increasing age, unemployment, marriage, parity and poor lifestyle factors like inactivity, smoking, depression, low intake of vitamin C and calcium, and high fat consumption, lifestyle modifications should be encouraged to achieve a healthier body shape.

Obesity is a serious health problem that reduces life expectancy by increasing one's risk of developing coronary artery disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoarthritis and certain types of cancer. Moreover, body composition is divided into fat and fat free mass components. Research shows that physical activity is an important factor that affects body composition. This research aimed at estimating and comparing the body composition components of physically active and inactive male student of Shahroud University of technology Participants of this study were 70 inactive male students with average age of (20.86±1.72) years and 65 physically active male students with average age of (20.86±1.72 years). The participants were randomly selected through stratified sampling procedure from various faculties and different admission years. Body composition was estimated with Body composition analyzer system that measured body composition components using bioelectrical impedance method. Data analysis with SPSS-15 software revealed that: average of BF% in physically active sample was (13.43±3.15) and average of inactive samples was (16.73±6.16) which statistically showed significant difference (P0

Obesity is a serious health problem that reduces life expectancy by increasing one's risk of developing coronary artery disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoarthritis and certain types of cancer. Moreover, body composition is divided into fat and fat free mass components. Research shows that physical activity is an important factor that affects body composition. This research aimed at estimating and comparing the body composition components of physically active and inactive male student of Shahroud University of technology Participants of this study were 70 inactive male students with average age of (20.86±1.72) years and 65 physically active male students with average age of (20.86±1.72 years). The participants were randomly selected through stratified sampling procedure from various faculties and different admission years. Body composition was estimated with Body composition analyzer system that measured body composition components using bioelectrical impedance method. Data analysis with SPSS-15 software revealed that: average of BF% in physically active sample was (13.43±3.15) and average of inactive samples was (16.73±6.16) which statistically showed significant difference (P

Identifying new ways to decrease adiposity have great importance for human health. We aimed to find out whether l – arginine (Arg) and selenium alone or together can increase the effect of hypocaloric diet enriched in legumes (HDEL) on anthropometric measures in healthy women with central obesity. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was undertaken in 84 healthy premenopausal women with central obesity. After 2 wk of run - in on an isocaloric diet, participants were randomly considered to eat HDEL, Arg (5 gr / d) and HDEL, selenium (200 µg / d) and HDEL or Arg, selenium and HDEL for 6 wk. The following variables were assessed before intervention and 3 and 6 wk after it: weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist to hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), and fasting nitrite / nitrate (NOx) concentrations. Other variables were assessed before and after intervention including: arm, thigh, calf and breast circumferences, subscapular, triceps, biceps and suprailiac skinfold thicknesses, sum of skinfold thicknesses (SSF), body density (D) and estimated percent of body fat (EPF). HDEL showed a significant effect in reduction of waist, hip, arm, thigh, calf and breast circumferences, triceps, biceps, subscapular and suprailiac skinfold thicknesses, WHR, SSF, D and EPF. HDEL + Arg + selenium significantly reduced suprailiac skinfold thicknesses. HDEL, Arg, selenium and Arg plus selenium had not significant effect on weight, BMI and fasting NOx. The study indicates that control diet with HDEL + Arg + selenium reduce suprailiac skinfold thicknesses which represents as reduction of abdominal obesity.

The aim of this study was to examine in the lipid profile during 3.6 years and anthropometric parameters in Iranian adults the changes during 3.6 year body mass index (BMI). Among participants of the Tehran lipid and glucose study (TLGS), 2940 non-diabetic adults, aged 20 years and older, who remained within the same BMI group during the two phases of the survey and were not taking lipid lowering drugs were investigated. We used ANCOVA and the repeated measures test for delineating short time trends in mean levels and ratios of serum lipids as well as anthropometric parameters across BMI groups (WHO classification). In all BMI groups the anthropometric indices of central and general obesity increased and total cholesterol (TC) (p<0.05) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (p<0.001) levels decreased in both genders. Among men, the greatest decline in total cholesterol levels was observed in obese persons (7%), whereas the greatest decline in HDL-C levels was observed in normal-weight persons (9%). A significant increase in TC/HDL was observed only in men, whereas among the normal-weight sub-group, TC/HDL increased both in men (9%) and women (6%). Despite increases in general and abdominal obesity parameters, we observed favorable trends in total cholesterol levels. However declines in HDL cholesterol levels, and resulting increases in TC/HDL, particularly among normal-weight persons, could serve as a warning for increased risk of ischemic heart disease.

The aim of this study was to determine the best Anthropometric indices for prediction of the risk of type 2 Diabetes in lower and higher 60 years old population in Tehran. As a prospective study among 4479 non-diabetic men and women over 20 years from the participants of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) who had complete data of blood pressure, plasma glucose in the fasting state and 2 hours after ingestion of 75 g glucose (2-hPG) as well as fasting serum lipids, anthropometric measurement including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and demographic data at baseline and were followed for a mean duration of 3.6 years. Subjects reevaluated for measurement of fasting Glucose and 2-hPG at follow-up. Diabetes and its associated risk factors were defined according to the ADA criteria. Different measurements of general and central obesity were defined based on the WHO criteria. Logistic regression analysis with stepwise conditional method was used to estimate the Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% CI. A total of 166 new cases of type 2 diabetes (3.7%) were diagnosed during 3.6 years of follow-up, with an approximately one percent per year incidence rate (men=3.7% and women =3.7%, P= 0.95). Diabetic subjects of follow-up were significantly more obese than nondiabetics considering their BMI, WC and WHR. In subjects aged< 60 years high WC was a predictor of diabetes only in model 1 and 2, while general obesity and high WHR predicted diabetes risk in all the 3 models. In these 3 models the OR of general obesity were 5.3(2.9-9.5), 3.4(1.8-6.3), 2.4(1.1-5.1) and the OR of high WHR were 3.5(2.1-5.8), 3.4(1.4-5.8) and 2.6(1.3-4.9), respectively. In subjects aged≥ 60 years general obesity predicted diabetes only in models 1 and 2, while high WHR was a predictor of diabetes risk only in model 1. In this age group, high WC predicted diabetes in all models 1, 2, 3 with the OR of 4.6 (2.3-4.1), 4.5 (2.3-8.9) and 3.8 (1.8-7.7), respectively. General obesity and high WHR in young Iranian subjects (< 60years) and high WC in older ones (≥ 60 years) are the important anthropometric indices for prediction of type 2 diabetes. Age should be considered when using different anthropometric indices for predicting the risk of type 2 diabetes.

Obesity and overweight, as the most common metabolic disorders, are great health problem during recent decades. Obesity takes a role as independent or concordant risk factor for many diseases. So, it has a considerable share in burden of morbidities and mortalities. Urbanization and its consequences in increasing of incomes and per capita energy uptake, besides the notable reduction in physical activities are the main causes of increased rates of obesity in developing countries. This survey has been conducted to evaluate the obesity and overweight status and their pattern among the inhabitants of 25-64 aged in 17th zone of Tehran, selected as Population Lab region. This study is a part of the Cardiovascular Risk Factors Survey in the Population Lab region. This survey has been designed and conducted based on MONICA/WHO project. A total of 1573 people have been recruited and assessed on age, weight, height, waist and hip circumferences. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were determined for comparing between groups. There was a significant difference in mean BMI between two sexes (26.13 kg/m2 in men vs. 28.86 kg/m2 in women). As well, WC and WHR were diverse between men and women (WC: 91.70 cm vs. 89.15 cm; WHR: 0.91 vs. 0.85, respectively). Obesity prevalence was 18.6% among men and 38.3% among women. Prevalence of high WC and abnormal WHR were higher among women than men. These results revealed that prevalence of obesity among adults was very high. The prevalence in women was more than two times than in men. This finding may be in part because of little physical activity and high proportions of carbohydrates intake instead of protein in daily energy uptake and also because of physiological differences among women. Proper and effective planning to achieve applied strategies for improving the social knowledge and awareness and also improving the life style and nutrition status of the people is highly necessiated.