جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « ورزش با تردمیل » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Type 2 diabetic mellitus is a popular metabolic disorder affecting enormous population around the world. The present study aimed to find out the effectiveness of sodium butyrate (NaB) and treadmill exercise on body weight and glycemic parameters in an experimental model of type 2 diabetes.

Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of control, diabetes, diabetes+sodium butyrate, diabetes+exercise, and diabetes+sodium butyrate+exercise. Type 2 diabetes was induced through 4 weeks of high-fat diet and then streptozotocin injection. Diabetic rats were treated with NaB (400 mg/kg daily) and treadmill exercise (5 days per week) for 6 weeks. Body weight and glycemic parameters such as fasting blood sugar, glucose tolerance, insulin level, insulin resistance index, and insulin sensitivity were evaluated in them.

The results of this study showed that sodium butyrate combined with treadmill exercise causes a significant increase in body weight compared to the diabetic group (p < 0.05). Also, the blood glucose level significantly decreased in sodium butyrate (p < 0.05), exercise (p < 0.01) and sodium butyrate+exercise (p < 0.001) groups compared to the diabetes group. The level of blood sugar in the glucose tolerance test significantly decreased in sodium butyrate (p < 0.05), exercise (p < 0.01), and sodium butyrate+exercise (p < 0.001) groups compared to the diabetes group. In the sodium butyrate+exercise group, a significant increase in insulin (p < 0.05) and insulin sensitivity (p < 0.05) was observed. Also, although insulin resistance was reduced in the sodium butyrate+exercise group compared to the diabetes group, this reduction was not significant (p > 0.05).

Sodium butyrate combined with exercise can improve body weight and glycemic parameters in type 2 diabetes patients.

Thyroid hormone deficiency during development can have detrimental effects on the structure and function of the nervous system. This study aimed to examine the effects of developmental thyroid hormone deficiency on neuronal survival and gene expression of pro-apoptotic Bax and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 in the prefrontal cortex of congenital hypothyroid rats. The possible protective role of treadmill exercise was also investigated.

A congenital hypothyroid model was made by treatment of pregnant Wistar rats with propylthiouracil (PTU) in drinking water from the sixth day of gestation until the end of the lactation period. Control mothers received water during this period. The male offspring were then divided into two groups with/without four weeks of treadmill exercise. Next, the animals were sacrificed and prefrontal cortices were isolated to examine neuronal survival and expression of apoptosis-related genes (Bax and Bcl-2) using cresyl violet staining and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively.

Our results demonstrated that decreased neuronal survival was associated with a significant increase in Bax and a significant decrease in Bcl-2 gene expression in congenital hypothyroid rats. Treadmill exercise was able to increase the number of surviving neurons by decreasing Bax and increasing Bcl-2 levels; however, significant differences still remained compared to the control group.

Developmental thyroid hormone deficiency leads to neuronal damage by activating the apoptosis mechanism. Exercise can improve neuronal survival by inhibiting apoptosis in the prefrontal cortex of congenital hypothyroid rats.

Given the positive effects of exercise on the central nervous system, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of treadmill running on learning and memory in rats with induced Alzheimer’s disease and intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Studied rats were divided in 4 groups: the sham-rest, the sham-exercise, the alzheimer-rest and the alzheimer-exercise. To produce rat Alzheimer’s model, STZ was infused in lateral ventricles of the brain. The exercise program was treadmill running with 20 m/min velocity and 0O inclination for 50 min/day, for 4 weeks. For evaluation of learning and memory in rats, passive avoidance learning test was used. Totally 37 rats in 4 groups were examined. The latency time for the first entrance to dark chamber one day and one week after shock was significantly shorter in Alzheimer–rest group comparing to Alzheimer–exercise and sham–rest groups. These results suggest that exercise probably is effective in prevention and alleviation of cognitive disorders in Alzheimer’s disease.