جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "antigenemia" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Rotaviruses (RVs), a member of Reoviridae family, are a major cause of severe diarrhea in children < 5 years of age worldwide, infecting mainly the gastrointestinal tract although recent findings have shown extraintestinal spread of RV infections. The RV is known to cause systemic infection in children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE). The systemic RV infection may lead to the virus reaching extraintestinal organs, therefore developing clinical symptoms. RV RNA, antigen, and infectious particles have been found in serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and extraintestinal tissues in children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE). According to previous studies on molecular genotyping of RV, no specific association has been yet found between antigenemia and RV G genotype. However, nucleotide changes and genotype discordance in RVs have been detected in paired stool and serum samples. In children, who show the evidence of antigenemia, RV genome is detectable in extraintestinal organs. Although, clinical significance of the laboratory findings remains to be determined.

Toxoplasma gondii, the obligate intracellular parasite is life threaten­ing in AIDS patients. Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is based on serological methods especially increasing of IgM and IgG titers, but finding of parasite or its components (antigenemia) may be beneficial method in order to detection of acute toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients. Ninety-four serum samples from HIV positive patients were collected from Sanandaj, Kordistan west of Iran. These patients were lived in Sanandaj of whom 26 were prisoners infected with HIV virus in prison. Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were determined by IgG ELISA. T. gondii antigen was identified by cap­ture-ELISA. PCR was performed on samples with T. gondii antigenemia. CD4+ T cells counts had been determined by flowcytometry and were obtained from rec­ords of each patient. Among the examined HIV seropositive individuals, 19.1% (18/94) and 5.3% (5/94) were positive for Toxoplasma-IgG and antigenemia, respectively. Be­sides, one of the samples was positively detected by PCR method. Mean age of partici­pants was 37.9 ± 9.5 year. Prevalence of IgG antibody and antgenemia was higher in age group of 40-50 years old. The Mean of CD4+ T cells counts of partici­pants (total of HIV+ patients, IgG positive patients and patients with anti­genemia) was 699.2 ± 345.2, 655.1 ± 237.9 and 620.2 ± 215.1 respectively. Capture-ELISA and PCR could confirm the T. gondii acute infec­tion in HIV positive patients. For precise diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis in HIV positive patient, performance of more studies based on more sensitive types of PCR is suggested.

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that infects a broad range of warm- blooded animals including human. Tachyzoites of T.gondii invade the host cell, replicate and finally lead to the lysis of the cell. T. gondii is associated with congenital infection and it can cause encephalitis, or systemic infection in immunocompromised patients. It is important to know whether the infection is recently acquired or is chronic. Differentiation between acute and chronic infection has a dramatic impact, especially for the developing fetus. In this study, Toxoplasma gondii was detected in acute phase of infection in serum sample of a person who had been accidentally infected with tachyzoites of RH strain in the laboratory. Anti- T.gondii IgG antibody was prepared by rabbit immunization with soluble antigen of tachyzoites of RH strain. Capture- ELISA, immunoblotting and PCR were performed in the laboratory. Antigenemia and parasitemia was detected in serum sample of infected person by capture_ELISA, immunoblotting and PCR techniques respectively. Acute T.gondii infection could be detectable in a short period of time in the sera of infected person.