جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « colic » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

 Infant colic, causing excessive crying, poses anxiety for parents and a challenge for pediatricians and nurses. The Infant Colic Scale (ICS) serves to assess the severity and causal factors of colic. Despite its significance, the psychometric properties of ICS have not been evaluated in the Iranian population. This study seeks to address this gap by assessing the psychometric properties of ICS in Iran.

 A sample of 220 mothers with 2–16-week-old term infants diagnosed with infantile colic was selected through convenience sampling. Following forward and back-translation, the face validity, content validity, and construct validity of ICS were systematically evaluated. Reliability was examined through both internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and test-retest stability methods.

 Content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR) values for ICS were 0.94 and 0.81, respectively. The good fit indices confirmed the validity of the five-factor structure. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were 0.71 and 0.94, respectively.

 The Persian version of ICS is a valid and reliable tool, suitable for assessing infantile colic in the Iranian population. Future studies and clinical practice can utilize this tool to identify major causes of this disorder in the Iranian context.

Too much crying is a self‑limiting problem and disappears within a few weeks. However, it can lead to maternal depression and parental stress. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of lavender oil inhalation on the duration of night crying within a week of intervention among infants with infantile colic.

In this double‑blind randomized clinical trial, the inclusion criteria for infants were being healthy, not taking any medications for colic, having an episode of crying two hours a day, and having a healthy mother. The intervention group received lavender oil inhalation and the control group received sweet almond oil inhalation for seven days. The data pertaining to the duration of crying were collected four times a day (morning, afternoon, evening, and night) via telephone contact. Mothers’ mood scores were also assessed at the beginning of the study and on the seventh day of the intervention.

At first, the two groups were not different in terms of the duration of crying. After the intervention, however, a significant difference was observed in this regard on all seven days of the study (P < 0.001). Based on the results of the repeated measures analysis, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001).

The results showed that inhalation of lavender oil at low concentrations could reduce colic symptoms and improve maternal mood.

This study aimedto investigate the role of non-pharmacological method of breastfeeding and maternal nutrition in the treatment of infantile colic in order to reduce the role of pharmacological method.

This study was a double-blinded clinical trial study on 62 infants less than 4 months of age referred to Emergency ward of Mofid Hospital in 2014. The infants were randomly divided into two groups that one group received routine colic treatment without any intervention (as the control group) and the other group received hypoallergenic lactation and also were trained on how to breastfeed appropriately. On the second and tenth days, all mothers were contacted and the duration of crying and restlessness of the infant was assessed.

The severity of colic significantly lower in intervention group as compared to control group on the second and tenth days of intervention. In this regard, the mean change in severity of colic at the end of assessment was 2.4 ± 2.2 in intervention group and 0.7 ± 1.5 in control group (p < 0.001). The mean change in colic intensity in subgroups with complete, partial and low adherence was 4.1 ± 2.4, 2.5 ± 1.6, and 0.2 ± 1.6 respectively indicating a significant difference (p <0.001).

Comprehensive mothers' training on how to breastfeed and determine the best breastfeeding position along with the change in nutritional habit can significantly reduce colic severity.

Context:

 Infantile Colic (IC) is an essential problem in infancy that is influenced by factors related to infants and parents. The parental factors associated with colic have not been comprehensively assessed. 

The present systematic review was conducted to investigate the parental factors affecting the incidence of IC.
Data Sources: Databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Google scholar, as well as Scientific Information Database (SID), and Magiran (Iranian websites) were searched to identify all eligible papers concerning parental factors affecting infantile CI. The registration number of this study was CRD42020163518 in the PROSPERO database.

Study Selection:

 A total of 423 relevant articles published up to the end of December 2019 were assessed. The selected articles were screened based on duplicated, eligibility criteria, and quality appraisal. The main inclusion criteria were observational studies and articles in Persian and English languages.

Data Extraction: 

The Mesh keywords and Boolean operators included (“risk factors” OR “causality”) AND (“parents” OR “fathers” OR “mothers”) AND (“infant”) AND (“colic”). Consequently, 18 papers were thoroughly studied and the related data were extracted. Two researchers independently performed the data extraction and quality assessment based on the STROBE checklist from the observational studies. The information of selected studies was recorded in a table, i.e. consisted of authors’ names, purpose, design, population, and main results.

Final articles consisted of 10 prospective, 6 cross-sectional, and 2 case-control studies. Eventually, the effective factors were placed in 6 categories, as follows: psychological factors, physical factors, taking medications, perinatal factors, family’s socioeconomic status, and maternal diet. The most important characteristics predisposing to IC were parental depression, anxiety, smoking, maternal history of migraine, young age, primiparity, low family support, high socioeconomic status, high-risk pregnancies, and delivery, taking antibiotics, as well as the consumption of celery, onions, and bananas.

Various parental factors affect the incidence of colic. Identifying these risk factors and accurate planning can be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of IC.

We decided to investigate the role ofnon-pharmacological method of breastfeeding and maternal nutrition in the treatment of infantile colic in order to reduce the role of pharmacological method.Materials and

This study was a double-blinded clinical trial study on 62 infants less than 4 months of age referred to Emergency ward of Mofid Hospital in 2014. The infants were randomly divided into two groups that one group received routine colic treatment without any intervention (as the control group) and the other group received hypoallergenic lactation and also were trained on how to breastfeed appropriately. On the second and tenth days, all mothers were contacted and the duration of crying and restlessness of the infant was assessed.

The severity of colic significantly lower in intervention group as compared to control group on the second and tenth days of intervention. In this regard, the mean change in severity of colic at the end of assessment was 2.4 ± 2.2 in intervention group and 0.7 ± 1.5 in control group (p < 0.001). The mean change in colic intensity in subgroups with complete, partial and low adherence was 4.1 ± 2.4, 2.5 ± 1.6, and 0.2 ± 1.6 respectively indicating a significant difference (p < 0.001).

Comprehensive mothers' training on how to breastfeed and determine the best breastfeeding position along with the change in nutritional habit can significantly reduce colic severity.

To determine the efficacy of early extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (e-ESWL) in colic patients with ureteral stones and the patient criteria for the most effective e-ESWL.

335 patients who received ESWL due to ureteral stone, were divide in two groups: e-ESWL and d-ESWL by the critical cut-off point. we performed the sensitivity and specificity cut-off analyses to identified the critical cut off point. To assess the difference in the factors affecting ESWL success, univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were implemented with using variables: ESWL success; age; gender; BMI; comor - bidity; serum creatinine; stone size; stone location; stone laterality; Hounsfield unit (HU); presence of hydrone - phrosis; and presence of tissue rim. The subgroup analysis for the screened variables was conducted.

Optimal e-ESWL was defined to occur within a 24-hour critical cut-off time. Multivariate regression anal - ysis concluded with screened variables: age, stone size, stone location, and HU, that ESWL success was 1.85-fold higher in the e-ESWL patient group. The subgroup analyses the following conditions: ≤ 65 years old by 1.784- fold; ≤10 mm stone size by 1.866-fold; mid to distal stone location by 2.234-fold; and ≤ 815 HU by 2.130-fold. When all the conditions were met, the e-ESWL success was 3.22-fold higher.

In case of colic due to ureteral stones, the patient is recommended to receive a lithotripsy within the first 24 hours. E-ESWL is recommended especially in patients who are ≤ 65 years, or with a ureteral stone HU ≤ 815, sized ≤ 10 mm, or in a mid to distal location.

  The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the topical use of chamomile oil as a complementary method in the improvement of infantile colic symptoms. This randomized controlled trial was carried out on 74 infants with colic at Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences in Sabzevar, Iran. The infants were randomly allocated into two groups. In the intervention group, chamomile oil was applied topically on the abdominal region three times a day for 14 days. The placebo group received paraffin oil in a similar manner. A data collection form was daily filled out for all infants by their parents. Number and duration of crying episodes and duration of sleep were assessed at the baseline and on the 7th and 14th days of the intervention. Results showed that there was a significant difference in the crying time of the two groups on days 7 and 14 as compared to that at the baseline (P=0.03 and P=0.002, respectively). There was a significant increase in sleep duration only on the 14th day of treatment as compared with that at the baseline (P=0.01). Although the number of crying episodes in both groups decreased, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.08). Based on the regression test, although the values obtained on days 1 and 7 were not statistically significant, compared to those at the baseline, the number of crying episodes decreased on the 14th day (95% CI: -115.39 to -15.04; P=0.012). Topical consumption of chamomile oil may be used as a complementary, safe, and cost-effective way to improve and reduce the symptoms of infantile colic.

Context: Due to the dissatisfaction with the conventional therapeutic methods to control the infantile colic, the mothers are developing interest in herbal medicines. The present study is a systematic review with meta-analysis which was conducted to evaluate the effect of herbal medicines in the treatment of infantile colic.
Data Sources: A systematic electronic search was performed on the databases of the MEDLINE, Scopus and the Cochrane Central Register Trials inception up to July 2018 to assess the effectiveness of herbal medicines in the treatment of infantile colic. No determined limitation was considered and the measured outcome was the duration of crying time.
Study Selection: Six studies assessed the effect of herbal medicine on colic infantile Data Extraction: The data extraction and quality assessment of the trials were performed by two separate individuals based on standardized predefined checklist. Five studies investigated the effect of prepared herbal medicines containing phytoestrogens on the infantile colic, the colic improvement score, and the number of night waking times. The compounds containing phytoestrogens decreased the duration of crying time compared to placebo (SMD=-0.536; 95% CI=-0.848 to 0.224; P=0.001). Heterogeneity was moderate but not statistically significant (I2=56%; P=0.07). Moreover, one study measured the colic improvement score and the number of night wakings whose results showed a significant decrease in the parameters. To sum up, the phytoestrogens could significantly improve the infantile colic. Four trials studied the effect of compounds containing fennel, as their results indicated a significant improvement in the duration of crying time compared to control group (SMD=O.712; 95% CI=-1.005 to 0.420; P<0.001). Heterogeneity was 0% among the studies. The SMD of compounds containing fennel alone reduced the duration of crying time to less than -0.6 (95% CI= -0.940 to -0.456; P<0.001). Heterogeneity was moderate but not statistically significant (I2=0%; P=0.669). Fennel and compounds containing phytoestrogens had a significant positive effect on the duration of crying time. Mentha piperita was shown to possess higher efficacy than simethicone in reducing daily colic duration. Further trials should be conducted with larger sample size and longer treatment duration.

Renal colic is an acute syndrome for which relieving the pain is known to be the best treatment. The aim of this randomized clinical trial was comparing the efficacy of intravenous ketorolac with intravenous morphine sulfate in relieving the acute pain of renal colic in patients referred to the emergency department of a tertiary care teaching hospital.
98 cases were selected via convenience sampling method from patients with a presumptive diagnosis of renal colic admitted in the emergency department of Besat Nahaja hospital of Tehran, Iran from March to May 2014 and randomly divided into two groups of equal size, ketorolac, and morphine sulfate. The patients’ vital signs and pain intensity were observed at baseline of the study and after 10, 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes of drug administration. Patients were also followed for side effects. The areaunder- the-curve (AUC) was used for pain assessment. Data were analyzed in SPSS 19 using T- test, Chi-square test, and Mann-Whitney test at significance level Demographic and clinical characteristics of the two groups were similar before drug administration. Both drugs were equally effective in reducing pain over time (P-value = 0.17). Side effects of treatment with ketorolac, were significantly less than using morphine sulfate. The most common adverse effects caused by morphine sulfate, were dizziness and vomiting while nausea and vomiting were the most frequent side effects of using ketorolac.
Findings of this study indicated that ketorolac and morphine sulfate were equally effective in relieving the pain of renal colic, but given the severity of side effects, ketorolac is the preferred drug.

Infantile colic imposes a heavy financial burden on families and the healthcare system. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Pedilact on the treatment of infantile colic.
In this randomized clinical trial, 84 infant younger than 3 months with infantile colic were divided in two groups of 42 cases each- probiotic and standard treatment. This study was done in Arak city, Iran between 2013 and 2016. The population of the study consisted of breastfed infants and formula-fed infants younger than 3 months (less than 13 weeks) who referred to Amir Kabir Hospital and pediatric clinics presenting crying and restlessness symptoms consistent with the modified Wessel criteria. In the treatment group, in addition to the main treatment, five drops of Pedilact (Iran) was daily administered for 28 days. In both groups, the main treatment was instructed to the parents and they were advised to do the following techniques to pacify the infant: making relaxing sounds or vocals, applying peaceful and rhythmic rocking motion, walking, and using mild tremor-like movements.
In Pedilact and control groups, 54.75% and 28.57% of the cases were male, respectively. 23 infants (75.61%) in the Pedilact group and 33 infants (82.5%) in the control group were breastfed infants. The mean age of infants in Pedilact and control groups were 6.64 2.90 and 6.69 5.97, respectively.There was no significant difference between the Pedilact and control groups in terms of mean duration of crying time during a day (P= 0.075), and the number of crying attacks per day (P= 0.127), there was a significant decrease in both variables over time, but the mean for hours of sleep in the group receiving the standard treatment was significantly higher than that of the group receiving Pedilact (P= 0.001).
There was no significant difference between the control and Pedilact groups in terms of crying time during a day and the number of crying attacks. It should be mentioned that, in this study, sample size was relatively low; hence, a multicenter study is recommended.

Infantile colic is a painful condition in the first months of infancy. This study was carried out with the aim of testing the hypothesis that massage treatment has a clinically relevant effect on this condition.
This randomized clinical trial was conducted among 100 infants of Significant differences were not observed in infant and mother demographic information. Before intervention, the mean of total number, length, and severity of crying were 6.12 (1.76) time/day, 4.97 (1.37) hour/day, and 6.60 (1.54) in the massage group and 6.96 (2.9) time/day, 3 (1.31) hour/day, and 5.98 (2.22) in the rocking group, respectively. After 1 week of intervention, the mean difference of total number, length, and severity of crying were 4.08 (1.83) time/day, 2.81 (1.77) hour/day, and 2.9 (2.37) in the massage group and 0.56 (2.28) time/day, 0.27 (1.09) hour/day, and 0.02 (1.64) in the rocking group, respectively.
This trial of massage treatment for infantile colic showed statistically significant or clinically relevant effect in comparison with the rocking group.

Infantile colic, cry-fuss and sleep problems are transient in the initial months of life, but they contribute to maternal depression, parenting stress and family mental health problems. In this randomized clinical trial, we aimed to explore the efficacy of massage therapy compared to rocking in reducing infantile colic symptoms including duration and number of cries, sleep duration and severity of infant colic.
This was a single blind RCT study with a one-week follow-up. One hundred colicky infants aged younger than 12 weeks old were randomly assigned into massage and rocking groups. Infants in the massage group received a massage for 15-20 minutes once during a day and once at night before sleeping for a week. In the control group, mothers rocked their infants gently for 5-25 minutes when the symptoms of colic appeared. Parents recorded the details of the colic symptoms in a diary every day. A GEE approach was applied to explore the effect of the intervention.
Efficiency of massage therapy was significantly higher than rocking. At the end of the study, the mean number of daily cries was 4.26±1.40 in the massage and 6.9±2.14 the rocking groups (p Massaging significantly improved colic symptoms during a one-week intervention for all outcomes. In addition, significant differences were found between the intervention and control groups in favor of massaging. Therefore, massage therapy is more effective than rocking for treating infant colic symptoms.