جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « cone-beam computed tomography » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

This study aimed to assess the changes in alveolar ridge dimensions following immediate implantation with and without buccal gap filling using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

This prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted on 15 patients (mean age = 44.7 years) with 26 hopeless teeth. The teeth were extracted and immediately replaced with implants. The patients were randomly assigned to two test and control groups (N=13 implants each). In the test group, the gap around the implants was filled with allograft, while the control group did not receive buccal gap filling. CBCT scans were obtained at twodays and fourmonths postoperatively. The buccolingual ridge dimensions, buccal plate thickness, and buccal gap distance were measured at the implant platform and 2 and 4 mm apical to it, and changes were analyzed by the mixed-effects model (alpha = 0.05).

In cases with a sound buccal plate having a minimum thickness of one millimeter, the alveolar ridge and buccal plate resorption werethe same in the test and control groups.

The results revealed that immediate implantation with and without buccal gap filling did not prevent alveolar ridge and buccal plate resorption

Rotary systems have made significant advances to improve their root canal preparation efficacy. These instruments can properly preserve the root canal anatomy and morphology. The present in vitro study aimed to compare canal transportation and centering ability of RaCe and Af f-one systems using cone-beam computed tomography.

Thirty-six mandibular molars were included. The samples were randomly assigned to two groups (n=18): group 1, RaCe, and group 2, Af f-one. Canal preparation was conducted using the respective files according to the manufacturers’ instructions. The cone-beam computed tomographic scanning of the samples was performed before and after preparation. The data were analyzed by using two-way ANOVA.

In both the RaCe and Af f-one rotary systems, canal centrality and transportation were similar at coronal, middle, and apical cross-sections. In addition, canal transportation and centrality were identical in the RaCe and Af f-one rotary files (P<0.05).

The two studied rotary systems did not exhibit significant differences in root canal transportation and preservation of root canal centrality in the apical, middle, and coronal thirds

Dens invaginatus (DI) is one of the developmental dental anomalies that results in an invagination of the enamel organ into the dental papila during odontogenesis. The purpose of this study is to report a case of nonsurgical endodontic treatment of an Oehlers type II DI in a right maxillary lateral incisor with an extensive periapical damage, along with the two-year clinical and tomographic follow-up.A 30-year -old patient was referred for endodontic treatment of tooth #12. On clinical examination, a change in the shape and color of the crown was observed. The tooth responded negative to pulp sensibility, percussion, palpation and mobility tests. After tomographic evaluation, an Oehlers type II DI was visualized, in addition to an extensive periradicular lesion. The diagnosis was asymptomatic apical periodontitis. The treatment was carried out in two sessions, through intense enhancement of the auxiliarychemical substance with passive ultrasonic irrigation, XP-Endo Finisher and the use of hydroxide-based intracanal medication. Appropriate treatment in cases with anatomic variations requires an accurate and early diagnosis based on clinical examination and radiographic images. A two-year follow-up of the present case showed that the correct diagnosis associated with appropriate instrumentation techniques, supplementary disinfection, and adequate three-dimensional sealing of the canal with filling material,resulted in regression of the periradicular lesion and bone repair.

The posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) is a branch of the maxillary artery. This study compared the anatomical position of the PSAA in the maxillary sinus between edentulous and dentate patients using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

This descriptive study evaluated 280 maxillary sinus CBCT scans of edentulous and dentate patients. Visibility, vertical diameter, location and type of artery, horizontal distance from the PSAA to the sinus internal wall, distance from the artery to the sinus floor, distance from the artery to the alveolar crest, and distance from the alveolar crest to the sinus floor were studied on coronal sections using SIDEXIS 3D software. Data were analyzed by the Chi-square, Spearman rank correlation coefficient, and independent t tests. 

The artery type was mainly type I, with no difference between males and females or edentulous and dentate patients (P>0.05). PSAA was primarily located in the second molar area in dentate patients. The horizontal distance from the PSAA to the sinus internal wall, PSAA vertical diameter, distance from the alveolar crest to the sinus floor, and distance from PSAA to the maxillary sinus floor were not different in different age groups (P>0.05). Vertical diameter of PSAA and distance from PSAA to the maxillary sinus floor were not different between edentulous and dentate groups (P>0.05).

The distance from the PSAA to the sinus internal wall and to the alveolar crest, and the distance from the alveolar crest to the sinus floor were smaller in edentulous patients.

Successful endodontic treatment depends on completely clearing, shaping, and filling the prepared canals. Knowledge of the common and aberrant varying pulp anatomies is essential for suitable root canal treatment. Since, this anatomy is complex and varies morphologically in different populations. This study aims to determine the number of roots, canals, and evaluation of mandibular premolars canals using cone -beam computed tomography (CBCT) images in one of Iran's northern provinces (Golestan).

CBCT axial, coronal, and sagittal slices of two hundred and twelve mandibular premolars were analyzed to determine the number of roots and canals based on Vertucci type. The images were analyzed in a one-millimeter slice in mesiodistal and buccolingual dimensions based on gender. The data were analyzed using the Chi-score test to compare the components if the defaults were not established. A significance level of 0.05 was considered.

Of the two hundred twelve teeth evaluated, 130 (61.3%) were first premolars, and 82 (38.6%) were second premolars. Most first premolars (78.5%) and almost all second premolars (97.6%) had one root. Morphological types of root canals were identified based on Vertucci’s classification types I, II, III, IV, V, or VIII, and type I was the most frequent. There were no significant associations between number of roots and sex (P>0.05).

Mandibular premolars mostly had one root and type I Vertucci morphology. The frequency of two-canal premolars was higher in the male population. Although the abundance of two or three roots with different morphologies was also observed, the possibility of the presence of an additional root canal should be considered

Untreated canals represent the primary cause of treatment failure in molars and the second leading cause in other dental groups. This study determined the prevalence of untreated canals and their relationship with periapical periodontitis using cone -beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.

385 CBCT images with at least one treated canal were selected from the oral and maxillofacial radiology center. The number of roots and canals, presence, and size of periapical pathology, and presence of untreated canals were recorded. The study used descriptive statistics and Chi -square, Fisher's exact, and odds ratio tests to analyze data.

Of the 2053 teeth examined, 14.9% had at least one untreated canal. Untreated canals in teeth increase the chance of having a periapical lesion, raising the prevalence by 11 times. Of these, 91.8% had both untreated canals and periapical lesions. This was more than teeth without untreated canals (35.8%). Most untreated canals were in maxillary molars (65.3%), and mandibular molars (12.54%). There was a statistically significant relationship (P<0.001) between the number of roots, canals, expansion, destruction, and jaw type with the prevalence of untreated canals. The maxillary first molar (68.66%) and second mesiobuccal (MB2 ) canal (63.27%) had the highest percentages of untreated canals.

The MB2 had the highest prevalence of untreated canals. The presence of untreated canals significantly increased the risk of expansion and/or destruction. Therefore, identifying these conditions can also be useful in diagnosing untreated canals .Dentists should assess the anatomy of the tooth and the structure of the root canal to minimize the possibility of an untreated canal. CBCT can assist in this process.

Errors that occur during root canal treatment can be caused by lack of information about the anatomical conditions of the root canal system. The purpose of this study was to examine the root and ca-nals morphology of mandibular anterior teeth using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

In this descriptive analytical study, 165 CBCT images of mandibular anterior teeth of patients from 15 to 60 years in the archives from oral & maxillofacial radiology department in 2015-2021 were used. CBCT images were examined in three axial, sagittal and coronal sections and the infor-mation of each tooth were recorded in pre-prepared forms. The data were analysed by Chi-square and Fisher exact test (α=0.05).

All mandibular central teeth were single-rooted, of which 59.7% were single canal and 40.3% were double-canal. 99.4% of the mandibular lateral teeth were single-rooted and 0.6% of the teeth were double-rooted. 62.8% of single-rooted laterals had a single-canal where 37.2% had double-canals. 97.6% of canine teeth were single-rooted and 2.4% of teeth were double-rooted. In single-rooted teeth, 95.3% had a single-canal. In mandibular single-rooted anterior teeth with two canals, Vertucci type III was the most common configuration. The frequency distribution of the variation of mandibular central and lateral teeth canals between women and men were not statistically significant, while in single-rooted canines significant differ-ences were observed (p= 0.031).

Anterior teeth with two roots was not common. It was more prevalent in canines, laterals and central teeth. The prevalence of single-rooted mandibular teeth with two canals was mostly seen in central, lateral, and canine teeth.

The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has opened up new possibilities for medical diagnosis and treatment. In particular, AI algorithms have demonstrated remarkable potential in analyzing patient radiology images and histopathological samples, offering insights that can enhance clinical decision-making [1]. This letter explores the emerging role of AI in the diagnosis and treatment of odontogenic tumors (OTs), a group of benign, malignant, and tumor-like malformations arising from the remnants of the tooth-forming apparatus.

Statement of the Problem: 

As a developmental disorder characterized by an abnormal bend and angle in the longitudinal axis of the tooth root, dilaceration can cause complications in routine dental procedures such as endodontics, orthodontics, and surgical treatments.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dilaceration in maxillary and mandibular premolar teeth in a population of Shiraz city based on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

This is a retrospective cross-sectional study on 927 premolar teeth and 132 CBCT radiographs of patients obtained from four private radiology clinics in Shiraz (Iran). In this study, the presence, location, direction, and severity of dilaceration in premolar roots as well as its relationship with gender were investigated. Chi-square and Fisher tests were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that 17% of the studied 927 teeth had dilaceration. The prevalence of dilaceration was significantly higher in women than in men (20.3% vs. 13.6%, p= 0.005). The dilaceration rates were significantly higher in the mandibular first and second premolar teeth (31.6% and 26%, p= 0.002) than in the other teeth. In addition, the highest prevalence was in the distal direction with mild severity in the apical third of the root (p< 0.001).

According to the results of this study, the prevalence of dilaceration was relatively high in mandibular premolar teeth especially in women.

Assessing the midpalatal suture (MPS) maturation is crucial to successfully predict rapid maxillary expansion.  Therefore, radiographic measurement of the suture width is vital for treatment planning. This study compared MPS ossification using cross-sectional maxillary occlusal radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans to aid clinicians in making better treatment decisions.

In this study, 33 patients were selected as the study cohort and were categorized into two distinct groups according to their chronological age. Group I included individuals in the growth phase, aged between 8 to 16 years, while Group II encompassed post-adolescent and young adult participants aged between 16 to 25 years. The percentage of MPS ossification was calculated using the suture obliteration index calculated on axial cross-sectional images. Statistical analysis was performed utilizing the student t-test with a significance level set at 0.05.

  No significant difference was found between occlusal radiographs and CBCT scans in the assessment of MPS ossification in the anterior part (P>0.05). However, significant differences existed in the suture obliteration index in anterior part (P=0.031) and posterior part (P=0.035), with higher mean values obtained by occlusal radiographs. In contrast, significant differences favoring CBCT were found in the anterior part (P<0.001) with higher mean values; no significant difference was found in the posterior part. Lastly, significant difference did not exist in the posterior part between the two imaging modalities (P>0.05).

For MPS assessment, both CBCT and occlusal radiography can provide predictable results. However, it is notable that CBCT still has an upper hand in providing better and more accurate results.

We aimed to evaluate the morphology of maxilla and sinus dimension in subjects with unilaterally and bilaterally impacted canine using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) records.

CBCT records taken during 2020-2022 of 120 patients were obtained to investigate the relationship between impacted canine and maxilla morphology as well as sinus dimension. The CBCT images were then divided into three control, unilaterally and bilaterally canine impaction groups. Then morphology-related variables (arch circumference and arch length , inter molar width, inter first molar width, palatal depth, anterior posterior of right and left side sinus, and mediolateral dimension of right and left side sinus)  were analyzed and compared between groups. All measurements was measured by Ondeman3D dental software, the unit of measurement was millimeter. Statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS software version 21 using one-way ANOVA and post hoc tests.

In patients with canine impaction (compared with control group), there were meaningful differences in arch circumference (P value= 0.004) and arch length (P value= 0.001), inter molar width (P value= 0.001), inter first premolar width (P value= 0.001), mediolateral dimension of right (P value=0.001) and left side (P value= 0.001) sinus of maxilla. Furthermore, Palatal depth and anterior posterior of right and left sinuses were not statistically significant difference between groups.

Canine impaction can considerably affect the morphology of maxillary and sinuses dimension. Nevertheless, future studies are needed to determine the exact structural and molecular effects that canine impaction can have on maxillary sinuses and neighboring tissues.

 Having knowledge of root canal morphology is a crucial requirement for effective treatment. Taking into account the impact of factors such as age, gender, and race on the diversity of root canals in teeth, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of middle mesial (mid-mesial) canals and isthmus in mandibular first and second molars in a specific subpopulation of Tabriz patients. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used for this investigation.

 CBCT radiographs of 215 patients were examined to determine the presence of the mid-mesial canal and isthmus in mandibular first and second molars without endodontic treatment based on gender. All samples were obtained from the Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, in 2019. The obtained results were analyzed using SPSS version 16, employing a chi-square test (P < 0.05).

 On the left mandibular side, twenty-eight samples (13%) exhibited a mid-mesial canal in both the first and second molars. On the right side, these values were 29 (13.5%) and 47 (21.9%) for the first and second molars, respectively. Regarding the frequencies of isthmus in mandibular first and second molars, the values were 2 (0.9%) and 18 (8.4%) on the right side and 5 (2.3%) and 21 (9.8%) on the left side, respectively (P-values = 0.147, P = 0.938, P = 0.193, and P = 0.713 in left first, left second, right first, and right second mandibular molars, respectively, which were insignificant).

 This study revealed a low prevalence of mandibular first and second molars with mid-mesial canal and isthmus. The left and right sides and gender did not influence this prevalence.

The canalis sinuosus (CS) is an auxiliary canal that encompasses the anterior superior alveolar nerve, artery, and vein. Understanding the location of this neurovascular structure during surgery can help prevent severe complications. This study aimed to assess the frequency, location, and classification of the CS using CBCT images.

CBCT images of 200 patients were examined considering factors, such as age, sex, presence of impacted teeth, the diameter of the canal’s orifice, and the location of the CS. In sagittal images, the distance from the CS to the buccal cortex, nasal floor, and alveolar crest was measured. Statistical analyses were conducted to compare variables between males and females, as well as between the right and left sides. The Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, Wilcoxon test, paired t-test, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were utilized for data analysis at a significance level of 5%.

The CS was detected in 135 cases (67.5%) on both sides, while it was not visible in 19 cases (9.5%). In 46 images (23%), the CS was observed only on one side. The canal was most commonly located in the lateral incisor region, followed by the canine area. The average distance from the canal’s orifice to anatomical landmarks, such as the alveolar crest, buccal cortex, and nasal floor, was greater in males than in females. However, this difference was not significant between the right and left sides (P=0.56, P=0.31, P=0.98; respectively). When comparing males and females, no significant differences were observed in the occurrence of CS(P=0.728), the diameter of the canal(P=0.114), the buccopalatal position of the CS(P=0.800), or the canal location within the arch(P=0.132).

It appears that CBCT and other 3D imaging techniques are essential for detecting the CS prior to performing surgery in the anterior maxillary region.

This study aims to evaluate the interchangeability between cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and the optical surface scanning system (Catalyst) for daily positioning during radiation therapy in head and neck cancer patients. This study was designed as a prospective observational descriptive study divided into two parts. The first part involved a phantom study using the computerized imaging reference systems (CIRS) child atom phantom. It aimed to detect deviations in patient position across six degrees of freedom (lateral, longitudinal, vertical, rotation, roll, and pitch) using the optical light scanner and Catalyst and compare them with deviations detected by CBCT in the same treatment sessions. The second part included 252 sessions, during which 30 head and neck cancer patients were treated at Children Cancer Hospital 57357, Egypt, using both Catalyst and CBCT for setup treatment positioning. The differences between CBCT and Catalyst in all six degrees of deviation were not statistically significant (lateral (P = 0.175), longitudinal (P = 0.296), vertical (P = 0.110), rotation (P = 0.936), roll (P = 0.527), and pitch (P = 0.270)). The optical light scanner system Catalyst is comparable to CBCT. Surface scanning (Catalyst) has proven reliable and feasible for daily patient positioning, with the advantage of avoiding daily exposure to additional radiation.

The current case report aims to document a rare presentation of a distant odontogenic lesion of a 35-year -old male patient with mild clinical discomfort in the mandibular right first molar; exploring the diagnostic and therapeutic intricacies of an uncommon distant endodontic pathosisultimately resolved through meticulous nonsurgical retreatment. Desp ite a normal oral examination, diagnostic radiography revealed a suboptimal root canal treatment and apical lesions surrounding mesial- and distal-root apices; including a distinct radiolucency beneath the apex of the second mandibular molar discovered through panoramic radiography, and confirmed via cone-beam computed tomography. In addition, the computed tomography disclosed a previously unreported and unusually large endodontic lesion that extended toward the mandibular canal; highlighting a necessity for the continued exploration of a unique endodontic presentation. A nonsurgical endodontic retreatment led to a remarkable reduction in the radiolucent lesions within one year; emphasizing the significance of comprehensive diagnostic approaches and individualized treatments

 The accuracy of radiography for the detection of bone lesions is a critical issue. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of panoramic radiography in comparison with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for the detection of idiopathic osteosclerosis (IO).

 This cross-sectional study was conducted on imaging records of 201 patients who had both panoramic radiographs and CBCT scans. Panoramic radiographs of patients were evaluated for lesions suspected of IO. After two weeks, the accuracy of diagnoses was investigated by assessing the patients’ CBCT scans. The location, number, shape, internal structure, and size of lesions and their relationship with teeth were also assessed on CBCT scans using Romexis Viewer software, version 3.8.0. Data were analyzed by the chi-square test (alpha=0.05).

 Of all, 73.4% of IO lesions were correctly diagnosed on panoramic radiographs, yielding an accuracy of 0.85 for this modality. IO lesions were detected in 51 patients (n=64 lesions, 25.73%), mainly located in the mandibular molar (45.3%) and premolar (29.7%) regions. All lesions were well-defined, and most of them were spherical (42.1%). The majority of them had a cortical internal structure (73.4%) and did not correlate with teeth (78.1%). The mean size of large and small diameters of lesions was 5.4 and 3.1 mm, respectively.

 Identifying the radiographic characteristics of common lesions such as IO can be a guide for dentists to avoid incorrect treatments and unnecessary biopsies. In this way, panoramic radiography with 0.85 accuracy helps in diagnosing these lesions.