جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "empirical sciences" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Sometimes, interdisciplinary subjects in the Quran and empirical sciences with a history of one thousand years are referred to as scientific interpretations or commentaries (1). This form of interpretation of the Quran is at the center of a triangle with the angles of interpretation, Quran’s scientific miracle, and empirical sciences and is influenced by these three. Scientific interpretation of the Quran in the context of history has been approved and criticized by the commentators of the Quran. Some consider scientific interpretation as a philosophical one while in the medical discussions, medical issues are considered as opposed to the rational sciences like Philosophy and sometimes a scientific interpretation is defined in such a way that does not include all these forms or kinds of methods. However, it seems that a general definition of the scientific interpretation of the Quranic verses includes ‘extracting sciences from the Quran’, ‘imposing scientific findings on the Quran’ and ‘using science for better understanding of the Quranic verses’ (2).

The present research aimed to examine the course books in elementary school with an emphasis on high cognitive levels. The sample included the science books in the first, second and third grade of elementary school, which were analyzed within content analysis framework as well as through quantitative method. The results showed that the objectives related to the cognitive skills accounted for 6.5 percent of all objectives. Therefore, it can be inferred that high levels of cognition scope have not been addressed in the science books; consequently, the innovation and critical thinking would not be encouraged for students in elementary school. Findings also showed that although the comprehension levels comprised the highest percentage of objectives, the proportion for analysis, innovation and creation were reported less than 18 percent. With regard to the results, it can be concluded that it would be necessary to review the science course books in order to include high levels of cognition and critical thinking for better enhancement in content.