جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « epidemics » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Health systems have obtained valuable experience in dealing with various epidemics. The present study, by systematically reviewing the successful experiences of countries, presents a model for a coordinated response to pandemics by various actors in the primary healthcare system. 

Thirty-eight articles were obtained from Magiran, SID, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases after applying the search strategy, inclusion and exclusion criteria, time-bound of 2005 to 2022, and quality assessment by Strobe checklist. The articles were assessed in terms of title, abstract, and text, and after removing duplicate and irrelevant ones, the final articles were selected.

This study assumed the PHC system as a leafy tree, which requires 25 background factors to strengthen its roots. Three groups of health policymakers, healthcare providers, and society must carry out the necessary measures in a coordinated and synergistic program in the four phases of crisis management, including prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery.

Strengthening PHC in prevention, screening, testing, and outpatient treatment and mobilizing the community to take care of itself are the most successful experiences dealing with epidemics compared to treating patients in hospitals and spending significant financial and life costs.

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This study aimed to explore the experiences of health care providers working in health centers during the Covid-19 disease using a phenomenological method.

A qualitative study using phenomenological method was conducted on a sample of health care staff in Hamedan, Iran. Inclusion criteria were physicians and health care providers involved with individuals with or suspected of having corona virus disease. Exclusion criteria were concealment of information in the interviewee or his / her unwillingness to participate in the research. The sampling method was purpose full and continued until data saturation (30 people). In-depth and semi-structured interviews were used to collect information. The average interview time was 40-60 minutes. Data were analyzed using the Colaizzi method.

The findings indicated 4 main themes, 9 categories and 59 sub-categories. The main themes included negative emotions, positive emotions, self-efficacy, and health system problems. Sub-themes included psychological responses, lack of good outlook, unappreciative system, altruism, voluntary work, social self-efficacy, individual self-efficacy, violations of instructions, and equipment supply problems.

The present study showed that health service providers experienced inappropriate mental, emotional and occupational conditions during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results obtained from this study can be used to formulate support and strategies for emerging epidemics.

Epidemic and contagious diseases have been common in human societies for a long time and have persistently caused problems. Ancient Iranians were familiar with contagious diseases and prevented their spread with preventive measures. The preventive approach after Islam in Persian medicine has been emphasized by Iranian Muslim scholars and they have written many treatises on this topic. Nasihat-Nama Suleimani by Hakim Shah-Mohammad Ibn Haji Qazvini (15th century A.D) is a short, but valuable work written to maintain health during epidemics. The current research is a review study with a library method, which introduces the book Nasihat-Nama Suleimani and its author, Hakim Shah-Mohammad Ibn Haji Qazvini, and explains the preventive measures mentioned in the work. Hakim Shah-Mohammad Ibn Haji Qazvini was one of the Sunni Iranian scholars who lived in Iran in the Safavid era, and then migrated to Istanbul at the invitation of Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II. In the 15th century, the Ottoman Empire faced epidemics such as plague and other infections. The author wrote the valuable work "Nasihat-Nama Suleimani" on lifestyle management (Hifz al-Sihha) in Persian language in 1522 during epidemics, and dedicated it to Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent (1520-1566 AD). The author describes preventive measures during epidemics based on the six essential principles of lifestyle in Persian Medicine. Today, with the emergence of the COVID-19 epidemic and the role of compliance with health guidelines, the importance of health and prevention has become more and more clear to everyone, while Persian medical scholars had good knowledge and awareness of the field of health and public health since the most ancient times and considered prevention before treatment and paid attention to health protection measures.

Environmental and social determinants play a key role in health safety, and this factor is significantly highlighted in a pandemic situation. In this review study, determinants of health were examined from social and environmental approaches n the conditions of the COVID-19 epidemic. The study followed the methodology of a regular unsystematic narrative review search from the scientific database. In this study, it was found that the most important environmental and social factors affecting health in epidemic conditions included access to clean air, access to clean water, proper management of healthcare waste, income, and education levels. It was notable that air pollution led to an increase in deaths caused by COVID-19, while research on cigarette smoking showed a reverse association with mortality rate. Additionally, access to clean water and proper management of hospital and medical centers waste would reduce the risk of the presence of the coronavirus in water sources and living environments. Moreover, a high level of education and training was stated as an essential factor in reducing mortality. People with high education levels had more compliance with health training. Moreover, high-income levels in people led to more access to health services and the supply of health-related necessities during the epidemic, which reduced the rate of death to a high extent.

Throughout the history of human life, epidemics have always been one of the serious threats to human life making their control and prevention of particular importance. One of the leading physicians of Persian Medicine in the Safavid era is Bahā’ al-Dawlah Razi, who in addition to his scientific status, had also a political status. In his book "Khulāsat al-Tajārib", he has discussed a complete set of definitions of the conditions that cause epidemics, the symptoms of the disease, and the ways to prevent and control it. This article intends to categorize the contents of Bahā’ al-Dawlah Razi’s book, which includes his personal experiences and those of other physicians of the Islamic period up to the Safavid period, in relation to epidemics. This is a descriptive-historical study based on library resources, which has studied the subject of epidemics according to Bahā’ al-Dawlah Razi’s book, and then analyzed each section and the conclusions as well as reconciling of results to modern medicine. The contents of Khulāsat al-Tajārib on epidemics can be divided into three sections. Materials related to sections one and two were collected by him. In the third part, we see Bahā’ al-Dawlah Razi` ideas in the prevention section such as referring to use of specific clothes in indoor places, recommending use of mosquito nets and the use of special plants. These methods are unique to Bahā’ al-Dawlah Razi during the epidemics. Razi’s "Khulāsat al-Tajārib” is one of the recent books of Persian Medicine, where he has collected the opinions of scholars before him in addition to mentioning his own experiences. Therefore, research on this book is very important as his recommendations and treatment strategies can be proposed as the basis of further basic and clinical studies.

The Covid-19 pandemichas caused widespread worldwidehuman catastrophe over the past two years. Thus, the global management of Corona disease is of great importance due to its high prevalence and mortality rate as well as the numerous challenges caused by this illness. For this reason, it is of high importance to study the various aspects of this epidemic in order to provide practical solutions and suggestions for better management of similar biological events.

This article has been performedby reviewing international sources and guidelines and summarizing the materials presented in expert meetings.

The study addresses challenges related to reopening of school and universities, empowering people, Covid-19 monitoring process and benefit from support groups, social components of global health, intelligent quarantines and rapid screening and management defects of healthcare system during COVID-19 (Corona Disease) Pandemic Strategies related to challenges in each area are also provided.

The time interval between the possible future waves of Covid-19 provides a good opportunity for health systems at the national (our dear country, Iran) and global levels to make necessary preparations, strengthening, and reforming structure. According to the findings of this study, it is recommended that while continuously evaluating the risk of biological events, the surveillance system and early warning network must be intensified and a comprehensive plan must be compiled in order to respond to biological events. Also, by training healthcare staffs and practicing the above-mentioned program, the essential steps must be taken continuously.

The elderly more than others in the society were affected by the corona epidemic. Social isolation as one of the important consequences of corona pandemic, affected the elderly. This review study was performed with aim to investigate studies related to social isolation of the elderly during the corona virus epidemic.

In this systematic review, to find the article entitled elderly social isolation and Covid-19, the articles published in English from the beginning of the Corona virus pandemic to 2021 were searched in databases of Scopus, ISI (web of science), PubMed (Medline), Cochrane Library, and Science direct using MeSH and the keywords of "social isolation", "elderly", "loneliness", "coronavirus", "COVID -19", "SARS COVID -2", "pandemic", "elderly", alone and in combination using the operators AND and OR.

A total of 11 studies related to Covid-19 and social isolation were included in the study. The findings showed that the COVID-19 pandemic and health policies have exacerbated feelings of loneliness and isolation in the elderly. Loneliness and social isolation in the elderly have increased due to the implementation of preventive protocols such as social distance and quarantine.

Attention to approaches which reduce social isolation in the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic is one of the important interventions that should be considered by government and policy makers to reduce the rate of harm in the elderly and consequently reduce health costs to compensate its side-affects.

Nowadays, the Covid-19 has increasingly affected the health and economy of different societies. Therefore, it is important to identify approaches to deal with this disease by scientific methods and to support these approaches by people and governors. Thus, the present study tries to identify and prioritize the approaches to deal with the Covid-19 outbreak by statistical methods and novel operation research.

The present study is a descriptive survey. In the first step, 46 approaches of dealing with the Covid-19 outbreak were classified into two groups of individual and government factors by reviewing and analyzing the previous studies. Then, with the help of experts and specialists, the proposed components were validated and qualified. In the final step, the selected approaches were prioritized and analyzed with the help of Best-Worst Method.

The final results is emphasized on the high impact of some individual factors such as “timely vaccination, to observe the social distancing, and timely attendance at medical centers” as well as some govermental factors such as “speed in providing and implementing the national vaccination program, extensive screening, inexpensive and easy corona testing, and providing medicine, equipment and manpower for medical centers” for dealing with the Covid-19 outbreak.

Observance of individual considerations and correct policies  of governmental factors, with the priorities mentioned in this study, can have a great impact on dealing dealing with the Covid-19 outbreak.

At the time of disease outbreaks, hospital staff's mental health may be affected. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the level of health anxiety of employees in the corona referral hospital and non-referral hospital of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

This cross-sectional study was performed on staff working in Khorshid and Chamran hospitals in Isfahan City, Iran, during the year 2020. 380 participants were selected by a simple random sampling method. Health Anxiety Inventory-18 (HAI-18) anxiety questionnaire was used to measure health anxiety in addition to questions related to demographic characteristics of the employees. The short form of this questionnaire has 18 questions and assesses health-related concerns, emotions or bodily changes, and the dire consequences of contracting a disease.

The mean anxiety score was statistically higher in women staff than men, in those with underlying disease than staff without it, in non-physician staff than physicians, and in hospital admitting patients with COVID-19 than non-accepting one.

During COVID-19 pandemic, the mean anxiety score was higher among women staff, non- physician staff, and staff of hospitals admitting patients with COVID-19.