جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « feeding behavior » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric aspects of Persian version of Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0) and the prevalence of Food Addiction (FA) among Iranian obese population seeking bariatric surgery.  In this cross-sectional study, psychometric aspects of the YFAS 2.0 including validity and reliability were assessed. Convergent and discriminant validity of the YFAS 2.0 was evaluated using Eating Disorder Inventory-3, Referral form (EDI-3 RF), Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-15) and reliability of the scale was examined by test-retest analysis and internal consistency. Among 124 patients (48.6%) who met FA criteria, 2 patients (1.6%) received a mild, 12 (9.6%) a moderate, and 110 (88.7%) a severe FA diagnosis. FA was more prevalent and severe in females, unmarried individuals, unemployed patients, and those with higher Body Mass Index (BMI) or binge eating disorder/bulimia nervosa diagnoses. Reliability analysis showed high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.89) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.88). Content validity was 0.8 or higher in terms of convergent validity. Except for one criterion, a one-factor structure was confirmed for the P-YFAS 2.0 (above 0.42). FA prevalence was higher in participants with BED or bulimia nervosa, and FA severity was correlated with scores on measures of impulsivity, emotion regulation difficulties, eating behaviors and psychopathology. These findings support the reliability and validity of the P-YFAS 2.0 in assessing FA as defined by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-fifth (DSM-5). The high rate of FA identified highlights the need for targeted interventions in this clinical population.

Sucking and swallowing coordination did not achieve until 32–34 weeks of gestation in premature infants. Oral motor stimulations improve oral motor musculature and neurobehavioral synergism which improves the rate of oral feeding readiness and weight gain and ultimately reduces the duration of hospitalization. Premature Infant Oral Motor Interventions (PIOMI) is a specific oral motor therapy effective in improving the clinical outcomes among premature infants. Earlier no review had been conducted specifically to assess the effectiveness of PIOMI on oral feeding progression, weight gain, and Length of hospital Stay (LOS) among premature infants. So, the present review had been planned.

Review was conducted by searching databases like PubMed/Medline, Embase, Ovid, Clinical Key and Academia, Google and Google Scholar (from PIOMI inception to October 2020). Published articles on RCTs and clinical trials were included.

Six studies, with a total of 301 premature infants, were included in Meta Analysis (MA). PIOMI was found effective in early attainment of feeding progression (Mean Difference (MD) = −4.63 days at 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = −4.97 to − 4.29, p < 0.001) and shifting from gavage to independent oral feeding (MD = −2.54 days at 95% CI = −3.13 to − 1.95, p < 0.001), shows weight gain at discharge (MD = 51.61 grams at 95% CI = 19.84 to 83.38, p = 0.001), and reduces LOS (MD = −2.81 days at 95% CI = −3.51 to − 2.10, p < 0.001).

Review shows shows the effectiveness of PIOMI in improving oral feeding progression and early attainment of gavage to independent oral feedings, and it also showed weight gain at discharge and reduced LOS.

Since a comprehensive study of eating disorders in children with type 1 diabetes in the Iranian population is necessary, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of eating behaviors and metabolic control status of children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus.

The present cross-sectional study aim to explore the prevalence of eating behaviors and their influence on metabolic control of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

In this cross-sectional study, all children and adolescents 6 to 12 years old with diabetes were included. First, the prevalence of eating-related behaviors in participants was assessed and recorded. Then the recorded data were statistically analyzed.

The Mean±SD age of the study participants was 8.92±1.925 years. One hundred children with food approach scores above 12.29 had food-approach behaviors, and 78 children with food avoidance scores above 11.85 were classified as having food avoidance behaviors. The relationships between food-approach behaviors and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) and insulin dose, body mass index (BMI), and lipid profile were significant (P<0.05). Nevertheless, the relationship between these variables and food avoidance behaviors was not significant (P>0.05).

High BMI, high insulin dose, increased lipid levels, and high HbA1c are associated with an increased eating tendency in children. Therefore, these children should be evaluated for disordered eating behaviors.

This study compared children's eating behaviors, body mass index, and parents' feeding practices between typically developing (TD) children and children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

In this descriptive study, 95 children with ADHD and 95 TD children aged 6 to 11 years were studied. The Conner's parents rating scale, the comprehensive feeding practice questionnaire, and the child eating behavior questionnaire were completed for both groups. In addition, both groups' weight and body mass index were measured and calculated. Clinical interviews and the Kiddie Schedule were held for both groups. The obtained data were analyzed by the independent t test and the Chi-square test in SPSS software, version 19.0, at a significance level of less than 0.05.

The two groups showed no significant differences in demographic characteristics and feeding practices. The parents in the two groups were similar in all study variables except for emotional control and monitoring over feeding practice. The correlation between body mass index and child eating behavior scores showed significant relationships with food disorder (r=-0.281, P=0.006), enjoyment of food (r=0.295, P=0.004), and food responsiveness/emotional binge (r=0.288, P=0.005).According to the stepwise regression, the predictors of body mass index were weight restraints and food disorder in the ADHD group and health restraints in the control group. 

This study found no significant differences between TD children and ADHD children regarding weight, body mass index, eating behavior, or parental feeding practice. Further research is needed to evaluate related variables, such as physical activity and birth weight.

Nutrition education is a key component of health promotion programs and leads to the improvement of nutritional behaviors of adolescents. Understanding the stages of cognitive-behavioral therapy in eating behavior and weight loss in adolescents is important in terms of preventive care.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on eating behavior and weight loss in adolescents.

The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a two-month follow-up with the control group. The statistical population consisted of all adolescents referred to counseling centers in Mashhad in autumn 2019; 30 of them were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into experimental, and control groups. The research questionnaires were demographic questionnaire, and eating behavior questionnaire. Data were analyzed using repeated variance analysis and SPSS.22 software.

The mean (SD) of age was 17.66 (4.49) years in the experimental group 59.7% and 17.01 (4.10) years in the control group. 65.9% in the experimental group and in the control group, 59.7% were girls and the mean (SD) of body mass index was 27.73 (1.34) in the experimental group and 27.32 (0.95) in the control group. The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy was effective in decreasing uncontrollable eating (P<0.01), emotional eating (P<0.01), weight loss (P<0.01), and increasing cognitive restraint (P<0.01) in adolescents.

It is concluded that cognitive-behavioral therapy can be used as an effective treatment of weight loss and eating behavior in adolescents.

Dietary behavior applying theory-based approaches is seldom documented in the general adult population. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the eating behavior of Malaysian adults and the demographic factors that were associated with positive eating habits.

In this cross-sectional survey, the convenience sampling technique was used to sample Malaysian adults aged 18 or older. The questionnaire was based on constructs from Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), which has six scales or constructs, including self-efficacy, intentions, situation, social support, behavioral strategies, and outcome expectations and expectancies. All the six constructs demonstrated adequate model fit using confirmatory analysis fit by the developers and good internal reliability using Cronbach’s alpha in this study. The data were descriptively analyzed, and subsequently, logistic regressions were performed, assessing demographic factors associated with healthy eating habits. The variables achieving a P value<0.05 were considered statistically significant.

A total of 461 respondents completed the questionnaire. Good social support (83.30%), outcome expectations (90.24%) and expectancies (92.41%), and the situation in relation to healthy eating (88.94%) were frequently observed among the respondents. The sentence has been revised to express the idea more clearly. “However, the observations in these dimensions were not necessarily translated into good self-efficacy (33.41%), intentions (39.91%), and behavioral strategies relating to healthy eating (53.15%). Additionally, demographic variables such as ethnicity, age, and region were significantly associated with the positive attitude observed on the questionnaire constructs.

In summary, the findings of the study revealed that many Malaysians have poor self-efficacy, intentions, and behavioral strategies when it came to eating healthy. The demographic factors significantly associated with dietary behaviors should be targeted in future interventional studies and awareness programs.

Wrong eating behaviors increase the risk of numerous chronic diseases.

This study aims to determine the validity and reliability of the Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ) in the Iranian population.

In a validation study at the University of Guilan City, Iran, in 2019-2020. First, the MEQ was translated based on the forward-backward method. After applying the changes to the Persian version of MEQ (P-MEQ), 50 participants responded to the P-MEQ twice with an interval of 3 weeks. Then, 384 Iranian students selected by the two-stage cluster sampling method completed the P-MEQ to determine its construct validity. Sixty participants simultaneously filled the P-MEQ and the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI-SF) to determine concurrent validity. To determine known-group validity, 23 very obese participants and a Body Mass Index (BMI) of over 35 kg/m2 were compared to individuals with a healthy weight (BMI: 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 ).

The test-retest reliability of the P-MEQ was obtained as 0.59 for the total score, and it ranged from 0.58 to 0.79 for the subscales. The first-order Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results indicated that after removing four items with weak factor loading, the five-factor P-MEQ model had appropriate goodness of fit (χ2 /df=2.516, RMSEA=0.067, AGFI=0.835, IFI=0.924, & CFI=0.916). The second-order CFA revealed that the latent components of awareness, distraction, disinhibition, emotional response, and external cues reflected the concept of higher levels of mindful eating acceptably (χ2 /df=2.545, RMSEA=0.067, AGFI=0.825, IFI=0.912, & CFI=0.905). However, there was a poor relationship between the total score of P-MEQ and FMI-SF (r=0.24, P=0.07).

Regardless of concurrent validity, the Persian version of MEQ has proper construct validity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency.

Social class, hygiene, and feeding behavior determine the status of nutrition in children during the first 1000 days of life. This study aimed to evaluate the association of the above factors with the need for admission to nutrition rehabilitation.

This prospective study was conducted in the Nutritional Rehabilitation Centre (NRC) of a secondary care center from April 2019 to March 2020. Convenience sampling was applied for the selection of study participants. Information about all the children suffering from severe acute malnutrition (SAM) was collected and documented, such as age, gender, social class, hand washing habits, breastfeeding, age of starting complementary feeding, anthropometry, and medical complications.

During the study period, 398 children with SAM were admitted to NRC. Moreover, 71.86% (n=286) of children were from 7 to 24 months and 88.43% (n= 352) of the children belonged to the families with upper/lower and lower socioeconomic status. Poor hand washing habits were seen in 36.18% (n=144) of families. The mean weight gain per child during a hospital stay was 8.3 gm/kg/day.

Inadequate complementary feeding practices and poor hygiene are the most common preventable causes leading to malnutrition and the majority of admissions to the NRC occurring before the age of two years.

Nutrition education is a key component of health promotion programs and leads to improvement of nutritional behaviors of adolescents. Understanding the stages of cognitive-behavioral therapy in eating behavior and weight loss in adolescents is important.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the transtheoretical model and cognitive-behavioral therapy on eating behavior and weight loss in adolescents.

The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a two-month follow-up with the control group. The statistical population consisted of all adolescents referred to counseling centers in Mashhad in autumn 2019; 45 of them were selected by convenience sampling method and were divided into 3 experimental, second, and control groups. The research questionnaires were Cappelleri et al.'s (2009) eating behavior questionnaire. Data analyzed by analysis of covariance test using SPSS.25 software.

The results showed that the effectiveness of the transtheoretical model and cognitive-behavioral therapy was different on eating behavior so that cognitive-behavioral therapy is more effective than the transtheoretical model (p <0.001).

Cognitive-behavioral therapy on eating behavior and weight loss of adolescents was more effective in comparison with the model of the change process. It is suggested that cognitive-behavioral therapy should be considered in the treatment of appropriate principles of nutrition and control of adolescents' weight.

Personality plays an important role in food choices. The aim of this study was to assess the association of personality traits with dietary habits and food preferences.

This cross‑sectional study was carried out on 224 healthy female students aged 18–30 years with a normal BMI. Dietary habits, food preferences, and personality were assessed using validated questionnaire.

Our results showed that neuroticism and openness were associated with low scores while conscientiousness was related to high scores of dietary habits (r = ‑0.33 P < 0.001, r = ‑0.13, P < 0.05 and r = 0.26, P < 0.001, respectively). In addition, neuroticism was correlated with preference to salty, sour and fatty foods and negatively associated with dairy products (P < 0.05). Extraversion showed a positive correlation with preference to fast foods, ice cream, chocolate, cocoa, and negative correlation with meat. Openness was positively correlated with preference for meat and biscuit and negatively correlated with fruits (P < 0.05). Agreeableness was related to having soft drinks and sweetened fruit juices and conscientiousness had a positive association with preference to dairy products, vegetables, nuts, food with salty tastes, and a negative association with biscuits (P < 0.05).

Overall, assessing personality traits could be useful to identify young women who may be at risk of unhealthy dietary habits.

 One of the fundamental factors in infants’ readiness to discharge from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is attaining full oral feeding. Determining the infants’ development requires instruments to comprehensively assess the infants’ oral skills and the process of feeding.

 This study aimed to measure the validity and reliability of Early Feeding Skill assessment (EFS) and the subscales of the cue-based feeding (Oral Feeding Readiness scale (OFRS) and Oral Feeding Quality scale (OFQS)).

 Participants consisted of 30 preterm infants born at gestational age (GA) ≤ 34 weeks in Dr. Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Infants were enrolled by convenience sampling. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Weighted Kappa were used to measure reliability, and Spearman and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used to test convergent and discriminant validity.

 The inter- and intra-rater reliability of all dimensions of EFS were good (ICC ranged from 0.77 to 0.95) except intra-rater reliabiltiy for the ability to maintain physiologic stability and ability to coordinate swallowing was moderate. The inter-rater reliability of the cue-based feeding scales was excellent (Weighted Kappa of > 0.74). The intra-rater reliablity indicated good agreement for OFRS (Weighted Kappa = 0.73) and excellent agreement for OFQS (Weighted Kappa = 0.75). There was an inverse correlation between most subscales of EFS and cue-based feeding scales (P < 0.05), except the ability to maintain physiologic stability and ability to coordinate swallowing dimensions (P > 0.05). There was a significant correlation between the ability to maintain physiologic stability dimension and post menstrual age (PMA) (r = 38, (P < 0.05) and between the oral feeding recovery assessment and GA (r = 0.37, (P < 0.05). OFQS was inversely correlated with GA and PMA (P < 0.05).

 EFS and cue-based feeding scales are valid and reliable scales to assess the oral feeding skills of preterm infants; however, using only one of these scales solely to evaluate infants’ feeding process is not enough.

The trace elements (TEs) in aquatic environments due to anthropogenic activities are readily available to aquatic organisms. There are 153 fish species inhabiting the Caspian Sea. However, little is known about TE (TE) concentrations in these species. In this study, we investigated the effects of TEs levels in the brain of some bony fish species inhabiting the Caspian basin. Totally, 405 fish from nine species with different feeding behaviors including Leuciscus aspius (n = 20) and Perca fluviatilis (n = 37) as piscivores, Rutilus kutum (n = 27) and Rutilus caspius (n = 71) as carnivores, Vimba persa (n = 56), Ponticola caspia (n = 25) and Tinca tinca (n = 31) as mollusivores, and Alburnus chalcoides (n = 77) and Alosa braschnikowi (n = 61) as zooplanktivores were collected from the southwest of the Caspian Sea basin from September 2017 to June 2018. The ICP-OES was used to measure TEs in the brain tissue of fish. The variability of TEs concentrations in the brain tissues of these fishes by principal component analysis (PCA) was decreased to 63.59% and 17.68% for PC1 and PC2, respectively, exhibiting that 81.27% of the total variability is associated with K, Mg, P, S, Zn, and Al. The two-dimensional diagrams showed the weight of each component in PCA. The PC1 was mostly influenced by P, Mg, K, and Zn, while the greatest value in PC2 belonged to Al. Furthermore, the entire number of elements determined in this study was found to be a suitable indicator for the distinction between fish species based on their feeding items

Unhealthy eating behavior is one of the four major risk factors for diseases. This study was conducted to model the prediction of eating behavior based on anxiety mediated attachment styles.

This correlational research was carried out based on a path analysis approach. The statistical population (n=461) included all high school female students in Tehran, Iran, in the school year of 2018-19, who were selected using the cluster sampling method. The required data were collected using the Attachment Styles Questionnaire, Spielberger Anxiety Inventory, and Eating Behavior Questionnaire. The gathered data were analyzed by path analysis based on regression equations in LISREL software (version 8.80).

Based on the findings, secure, ambivalent, and avoidant attachment could influence studentschr('39') eating behavior both directly and indirectly. It was also revealed that state anxiety (β=0.24) and trait (β=0.34) could directly increase unhealthy eating behavior in the samples (β=0.41). Model fit indices showed that the presented paths could explain the data well.

It can be concluded that a secure attachment style reduced unhealthy eating behavior by reducing anxiety. Moreover, avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles increased anxiety and resulted in unhealthy eating behavior.

Depression includes negative interpretations of events, dislike of the self, and negative appraisal of the future.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of educational programs of cognitive-behavior modification and feeding behavior on serotonin levels and depression symptoms in university students.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest and a control group design. The study population included all male and female bachelor degree students in the Faculty of Literature and Humanities of the University of Guilan, Guilan Province, Iran at the time of the research. Among 2854 students, using Morgan’s table, the sample size was determined as 340. In the following, 24 students with depression symptoms and other inclusion criteria were selected as the sample and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. During the twelve sessions of training, the number of participants decreased from 24 to 16. The study tools included the Beck depression inventory (1996), the food frequency questionnaire (2017), 21 food enjoyment questionnaire, and the blood test. The obtained data were analyzed by 1-way analysis of covariance in SPSS v. 24.

The analysis showed that the use of cognitive-behavior modification training reduced students’ depression (P<0.01). However, the use of feeding behavior training did not increase serotonin levels in students (P>0.05).

Among people with depression symptoms, cognitive-behavior modification by focusing on their negative self-talk can be useful in creating sensible thoughts and positive inner dialogue. But in these people, feeding behavior training for two months did not change serotonin levels.

Metabolic indices are the wide range of characteristic factors, which can be changed during several medical conditions such as metabolic syndrome. Nutrition and related behaviors are one of the main aspects of human lifestyle which recent investigations have recognized their roles in the development of metabolic disorders. According to the spread of risky nutritional habits/behaviors due to the changes in lifestyle, and its importance in the prevalence of metabolic disorders, the authors attempted to summarize these evidences in a systematic review. The present study is a systematic review that encompasses those studies investigating the association between metabolic indices and nutritional/dietary behaviors published in two international databases in recent 11 years. Twenty-nine related articles were considered and their data were extracted. The relation between food choices and metabolic indices is more frequent in studies. While, inhibition and abstinent and eating together were two behavioral sets with the smallest share of research. Anthropometric indices have the highest rate in the evaluations. Finding the links between nutritional behavior and metabolic indices will be the key point in selecting the different types of interventions. These results will guide therapists to the accurate recognition of metabolic effects in targeting behavior for their intervention.

The present study was conducted to evaluate the pattern of food preference among a large sample of Iranian adults.

In a cross‑sectional study within the study on the epidemiology of psychological alimentary health and nutrition (SEPAHAN) projects, a total of 6239 of 8694 subjects completed a 106‑item food preference questionnaire. Subjects indicated whether they liked, disliked or had gastrointestinal symptoms for each food item separately. They also reported the frequency of consumption for each food item.

We observed that presence of some foods such as yogurt, fruits and vegetables in the list of the most preferred food items and presence of kalbas, sausages and chips in the list of the most disliked food items, were representative of healthy dietary pattern in this population. Results also revealed that women liked unhealthy foods more than men (P value <0.05 for all significant food items). Moreover, in most of the food items, men reported less gastrointestinal symptoms than women (P value <0.05 for all significant food items). Our findings revealed that smokers disliked most of the healthy food items. We also observed that pregnant women regardless of the trimesters, reported dislike for sweet‑tasting food items.

More researches are suggested in order to indicate the origins of preferences and recommend some practical alternatives to improve the dietary pattern in society.