جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "fvc" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Background &

Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of unknown cause and is very difficult to treat. Scleroderma, or systemic sclerosis (SSc), is a multifocal systemic disorder characterized by overactive immune system, systemic inflammation, vascular damage, and tissue fibrosis. The pathogenesis of the disease is mainly based on autoimmune inflammatory processes, systemic vasculopathy and collagen deposition in the skin and internal organs, which leads to tissue fibrosis with severe functional disorders and can be one of the major causes of mortality in these patients. SSc-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common complication of SSc, which can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. As with other pulmonary fibrotic diseases, damage to epithelial cells, activation of innate and acquired immunity, and activation of fibroblasts may lead to overproduction of the matrix and ulceration of the SSc-ILD. New studies speculate that differentiation and proliferation Myofibroblasts are a key pathological mechanism that increases fibrosis in SSc-ILD. According to EULAR recommendations, cyclophosphamide is the first choice for the treatment of SSc-ILD. Cyclophosphamide acts as a cytotoxic immunosuppressive agent by modulating lymphocyte function, reducing suppression of the inflammatory response and fibrosis. Cyclophosphamide (CYC) is an immunosuppressive alkalizing drug that inhibits the function of lymphocytes in the cellular environment. Moreover, bronchoalveolar lavage and pulmonary function testing are shown. Systemic and intravenous injection of immunosuppressive drugs may be associated with more potential systemic complications. A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2006 found that treatment with cyclophosphamide for one year resulted in significant improvement in lung function and symptoms in patients with SSc-ILD. However, the use of cyclophosphamide is associated with potential side effects, such as increased risk of infection and cancer, and its use should be carefully evaluated on a case-by-case basis.Therefore, choosing the best method of drug administration with the aim of improving the symptoms and skin involvement in patients with systemic sclerosis can be very important and vital. In this study, the effects and immunotherapy of oral cyclophosphamide in the treatment of skin lesions and interstitial lung disease were studied.

The type of study is quasi-experimental, and 21 patients who received cyclophosphamide and had a follow-up of 12 months were included in the study.Twenty-one selected patients included in this retrospective cohort were treated with oral CYC (up to 2 mg/kg/day). Additionally, they received an additional low dose of prednisolone (≤10 mg) for 6 months. Skin score, forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusion lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) were assessed as outcome measures. At entry and after 12 months Modified Rodnan Skin Score (MRSS), pulmonary function tests and DLCO have been evaluated. Inclusion criteria include the following: 1- Treatment with cyclophosphamide 2- Follow-up for at least one year from the start of the first dose of the drug 3- The use of oral cyclophosphamide for at least six months 4- Filling the diagnostic criteria of ACR (American College of Rheumatology) 5. Existence Documents related to High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), PFT and DLCO at the beginning of treatment and 12 months after treatment. Exclusion criteria also included the following: Patients who, in addition to ILD, had pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) or severe left ventricular failure (EF <50%) were excluded from the study. Patients with normal HRCT and FEV <20% were also excluded from the study, provided that the volume reduction was due to thickening of the skin. The patients received cyclophosphamide at a maximum dose of 2 mg/kg/day (50-100 mg/day) for 12 months. In addition, prednisolone 10-15 mg / day was initially administered for 2 months and then for 10 months at a dose of 5 mg / day. GhRh agonist and oocyte cryopreservation were used for 4 and 8 in 16 patients under 45 years of age, respectively. The major limitations of our study were the small population, and the retrospective nature of the study, which inevitably renders the study unblinded with selection biases. Other limitations included the lack of a comparative control group and the short follow-up period. An advantage of the present study is that all patients completed 1 year of treatment. We also presented all clinical and serological variables in detail, providing sufficient data for future comparative studies. The study was conducted after approval by the Ethics Committee of the University of Iran with the ethics code IRIUMS.FMD.REC.1396.9511288002.

The patients’ age at the time of ILD need to treatment/months median (IQR) were 34.0 (29.6–48.5) years, 18 (85%) had female gender, and 8 (38%) had a diffuse subtype of the disease. The mean (SD) FVC percentages obtained at baseline 59.5 ±10.7 and post-treatment 63.1 ± 16.2 with mean difference 2.9 ± 11.5, p=0.19. DLCO% in CYC treated patients at base was 67.7 ± 27.5 and post treatment was 60.0 ±22.9 with a mean difference of −8.0 ± 23.7 (p = 0.12). Following 12 months of treatment mean difference of changes in MRSS was −1.4 ± 4.5 in CYC-treated patients. In the twelfth month, 5 out of 21 patients showed improvement, while 14 patients had stable FVC. Among the patients, only one patient showed improvement in DLCO and 14 patients had stable DLCO. The non-significance of P indicates no change in the parameters and prevention of deterioration of the patient's condition in terms of the investigated parameters following the intervention. After one year of treatment with CYC, two patients showed symptoms of leukopenia, which led to a temporary reduction in the dose of the received drug to improve the condition.

Based on our findings, the use of cyclophosphamide as an immunosuppressive drug can prevent the deterioration of patients with SSc-ILD in terms of FVC, DLCO, and MRSS factors.

Asthma is a common chronic airway disease that has a dramatic effect on the process of life, group activity and socio-psychological functioning and even the economic progress of patients. There are currently 300 million asthma patients worldwide and it is predicted that by 2025, 100 million asthma patients will be added to the world population (1). Exacerbation of the symptoms of the disease affects the quality of life as well as the cost of treatment. Complications of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease include respiratory failure, pneumonia or other respiratory infections, right heart failure (pulmonary heart), arrhythmias, and depression. Asthma control is determined by the frequency of symptoms during the day, activity limitations, nocturnal symptoms, the need for essential medications, and lung function (4).
Studies show that unhealthy lifestyles such as inactivity and obesity are associated with negative health consequences in asthma patients, including poor asthma control (5). Among the measures taken to relieve symptoms and improve the functional status of patients with these diseases are pulmonary rehabilitation and breathing exercise and exercise programs that are part of it are used to improve functional status (6). Numerous clinical studies have shown that exercise, as part of a pulmonary rehabilitation program, improves asthma control and overall physical fitness in people with asthma and reduces hospitalization rates (7). Resistance training and strengthening the muscles of inhaling and exhaling are among the techniques that increase respiratory function in respiratory patients (8).
Regarding the beneficial effects of exercise in asthma patients, many studies have shown that physical activity and regular exercise play a beneficial role in reducing respiratory tract inflammation, shortness of breath and improving or maintaining pulmonary capacity such as Forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and has a Forced vital capacity (FVC) throughout the life of asthma patients (9-12). However, some studies have shown that during the period of sports interventions, patients had emergency conditions and exacerbation of asthma (13,14). Turner et al. Found that some patients had exacerbated asthma during exercise (14).
Asthma in adolescents and children can have detrimental effects on their mood and social activities. Over the past decades, a 100% increase in childhood obesity has been implicated in the prevalence of asthma because it affects the physiopathology and mechanics of the lungs. Because maintaining asthma control through medication is at a difficult level, it seems that getting help from lifestyle changes, such as including regular physical activity in the asthma patients' lifestyle, can help control asthma (8). Recent evidence in systematic studies has led to the support of aerobic exercise as an aid to the treatment of asthma, and despite standard treatment, its supply to asthma patients has become essential. However, the role of regular exercise, especially breathing exercises, in very limited asthma control has been investigated. Therefore, the present study investigated the effect of eight weeks of moderate intensity aerobic exercise on FVC and  FEV1 in mature and immature girls with asthma in humid environment.

In this semi- experimental trial, 60 girls students with asthma (30 mature and 30 immature girls; with average age of 8-18 years) from Rasht city were randomly selected and randomly divided into two groups include exercise and control. The aerobic exercise program was performed with intensity of  45-75% of maximum heart rate, 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks. Spirometry test was performed to determine pulmonary function before and after the training protocol. Data were analyzed using 2-factor analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test at the p≤0.05. 

Aerobic exercise led to significant increase in FEV1 in girls with asthma (P= 0.000). There was no significant difference between the effect of aerobic exercise on FEV1 in mature and immature girls with asthma. Aerobic exercise led to significant increase in FVC in girls with asthma (P= 0.000). There was no significant difference between the mean FVC of mature and immature girls with asthma.

The results of the present study showed that after the intervention period, FEV1 levels  significantly increases in girls with asthma. Also, the mean FEV1 of adult girls was significantly higher than immature girls with asthma. The results showed that increasing FEV1 had beneficial effect on improving asthma control. The results of the present study are consistent with some previous findings (20-22). Increasing or improving pulmonary function with exercise seems to be related to reducing airway resistance, increasing airway diameter, as well as strengthening the respiratory muscles and the elastic properties of the lungs and chest. On the other hand, the effects of adrenaline and cortisol may be effective. Increased activity of the adrenaline system during exercise reduces the reversibility of the lungs and dilation of the pulmonary arteries. Also, the increase in plasma levels of cortisol as a bronchodilator is a very strong and strong production of surfactant in the lungs (19). Asthma is classified clinically according to the frequency of symptoms, expiratory volume with pressure per second (FEV1) and maximum expiratory flow rate (23). Strengthening the respiratory muscles, increasing the effective tail force due to strengthening the elasticity of the main and auxiliary intercostal muscle fibers, reducing obesity and thus reducing the pressure caused by the accumulation of fat around the chest have been reported as mechanisms of effect of exercise in improving lung function (25). In the present study, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise increased FVC in girls with asthma. The findings of our study also showed that aerobic exercise along with resistance exercise can be associated with an increase in  spirometry indices FEV1 and FVC. These results are consistent with the results of previous research (20-22). The value of the FVC index depends on the elasticity of the lungs, the authority of the airways. Studies have shown that the elasticity of the lungs, the position of the ducts between the alveolar region and the location of the stenosis and dilatation of the airway wall are effective physiological mechanisms in determining airflow at this stage. The increase in FVC appears to be due to aerobic exercise due to increased lung volume and elastic reversal of the lungs (11). There were some limitations in the present study; One of the limitations of the present study is the lack of measurement of lung function following ventilation. To determine whether the adjustments we observed are the result of exercise or increased ventilation, future studies should examine the effects of over-ventilation on changes in respiratory muscle strength and respiratory volume. Also, more research is needed to understand the effects of long-term aerobic exercise on respiratory volume. The results of this study showed that regular exercise with increased activity tolerance can facilitate the transfer of oxygen to body tissues. As a result, eight weeks of moderate aerobic exercise can cause a positive and favorable change in FEV1 and FVC indices in mature and immature girls with asthma.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are one of the main side effects of mustard gas exposure. So the propose of present study was survey the effect of combined training of resistance and aerobic training in water on serum level of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and some pulmonary parameters(FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC) in Chemical veterans caused by mustard gas.For this propose, 24 inactive Chemical veterans were selected and randomly divided into experimental (n=12) and control group (n=12). Experimental group did resistance training (3 session per week with 70% heart rate reserve) and aerobic training in water (2 session per week with 70% heart rate reserve) for 10 weeks. Blood sample and spirometry test was done before and after training period. Data was analyses with paired and independent ttest at significant level of p<0.05.Data analyzing showed that IL-6 level in experimental group was significantly lower than control group (p=0.020). Also FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC levels n experimental group were significantly higher than control group (p value respectively 0.035, 0.021 and 0.003). reverse and significant relationship were found between IL-6 with FVC (p=0.01), FEV1 (0.001) and FEV1/FVC (0.008).Probably combined training of resistance and aerobic training in water trough reducing inflammatory factor of IL-6 can have beneficial effect on pulmonary index such as FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC levels. Thus this training can be used as complementary therapy in Chemical veterans caused by mustard gas

The respiratory system, one of the most important organs of the body, can be affected by adverse effects, disorders and consequences in the workplace. Spirometry is one of the most important screening and testing tools in the periodic medical examination of every employee. This study was aimed to evaluate the factors affecting the respiratory function of staff of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS).

This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study carried out on 300 employees of TUMS according on during the enrollment phase of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences employee’s cohort (TEC) study was in order to survey the parameters affecting pulmonary function. Demographic data were collected through a demographic questionnaire. Spirometry was used to evaluate respiratory function parameters and bioelectric impedance was used to analyze body composition. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software version 25. Two-sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the effect of independent variables on the parameters of pulmonary function.

It was found that 73.6% of the subjects had a normal lung pattern, 7% had an obstructive pattern, 14.7% had a threatening pattern and 4.7% had a mixed pattern. There was a significant negative correlation between FVC and FEV1 parameters and smoking (P-value <0.05). There was also a significant relationship between FFM, age and BMI with FEV1/FVC (P-value <0.05). Similarly, there was a meaningful relationship between type of job and FVC parameter (P-value <0.05). The findings showed that the highest and the lowest averages of all parameters of pulmonary function was in administrative and occupational services, public and technical services and facilities, security and guard, respectively.

In the present study, it was found that occupation type affects lung function due to exposure to contaminants in different groups. Other factors affecting lung function included age, body mass index, fat mass, fat free mass and smoking. Therefore, changing lifestyle such as proper diet, regular exercise and not smoking can be an effective step towards improving the parameters of lung function.

Construction industry plays a major role in the economic development of all countries and among the various occupations, this industry is one of the most dangerous industries, particularly respiratory contaminants, around the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the respiratory capacity of construction workers, working in different workshops in Tehran city and developing a regression model to examine the relationship between pulmonary capacities with the type of occupation, work experience and tobacco smoking.
Material and

This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted among 628 construction workers in Tehran city in 2017. After data collection, data analyses were performed using statistical independent t-test, one way ANOVA and correlation tests by SPSS software version 22. Also, multiple backward regression was used to check the effect of independent variables on lung function.

According to the results of this study, a significant relationship was found between age and work history with the pulmonary function indexes (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and FEF25-75%) (P-value<0.001). The average of FEV1/FVC% was significantly different among various occupational groups (p-value<0.001). In the analysis of the findings of the pulmonary function test in the exposed group a separate model was made using multiple linear regression for each of the pulmonary functions, and the independent variables including age, work experience, job type and cigarette addiction were entered into the model.

The present study showed a significant change in the pulmonary function parameters of the construction workers and the chance of pulmonary disorders might be high among these individuals

The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to investigate the effect of short-term vitamin D supplementation on FVC and FEV1 pulmonary function indices in women with mild asthma following of implementation of aerobic exhausting exercises. The statistical population of this study included all asymptomatic women in Ahvaz city. In a recall process, 35 patients were invited to the physician's office, among them 12 person were considered for the pre-test. To be ensured about their readinesses and VO2max levels, the Rocket test and aerobic training until exhaustion were used for cardio-respiratory patients. The Ganshorn model of the spirometers (IF8) was used to evaluate the pulmonary indexes. The results of the current study showed that FVC and FEV1 levels were significantly different with vitamin D supplementation following aerobic exercise to exhaustion (P≤0.05). The results also showed that six weeks of vitamin D supplementation after an aerobic exercise exhaustion session to be able of FEV1 and FVC respiratory levels parameters were significantly different compared to the untrained group (P≤0.05).

New combinations of drugs are used for asthma control, which aim to achieve lack of symptoms and increase pulmonary function with the least amount of drug administration. In this study, the clinical recovery of pulmonary function in asthmatic patients before and after two weeks of treatment with a combination of fomoterol and budesonide compared. Subjects and

This study was carried out on 58 newly diagnosed moderate and severe asthmatic patients referred to Ahvaz Imam Hospital during the first six months of the 2012. Physical examination and FVC, FEV1 and PEF variables were assessed using spirometry. After two weeks treatment with a combination of fomoterol (320µg) and budesonide (9µg) turbohaler the patients were re-evaluated. SPSS analysis software and ANOVA (t-test) methods were used for data analysis.

The mean FEV1 before treatment was 2.92±1.2 which increased to 3.1±0.78 after treatment ((P<0.05). The FVC before treatment was 3.51±1.4 also increased significantly after treatment 3.87± 0.98 (P<0.05). On the other hand, PEF percentage for pretreatment was 1.8 ± 4.50 %, which significantly increased to 4.98±0.6% after treatment (P <0.05).

The use of the combination of formetrol plus budesonide for the treatment of moderate and severe asthma was found to be useful in clinical and can achieve satisfactory control of moderate and severe asthma.

This study aimed to analyze the pulmonary function indices of FVC and FEV1, following of maximum aerobic and non-aerobic exercise in non-active men. It was a quasiexperimental study and the study population was defined as the male students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz in the academic year 2015. In the process of inviting volunteers to participate in the study, 55 volunteers announced their interest to participate in the study. Out the volunteers, 15 non-active male students who met the inclusion criteria of the study were selected as the experimental group. To ensure their physical fitness and VO2max levels, the Bruce test was used. Furthermore, the Astrand treadmill test and the Wingate anaerobic test were carried out as the maximum aerobic and anaerobic exercises, respectively. Using Ganshorn (IF8) spirometer device, the pulmonary function indices were evaluated, too. The results showed that FEV1 and FVC values, following of the maximum aerobic exercise (73.666±10.090, 81.600±10.500) and maximum anaerobic exercise (70.533±18.461, 77.666±19.507) had no statistically differences between the pre-test and post-test stages in non-active participants (P>0.05). The study showed no significant differences in indices. The main reason for this finding could be duration of exercises. Therefore, it seems that usage and analysis of various exercises types, with the different scopes and intensities in similar groups, are necessary to obtain reliable results in the future.

However the effects of endurance training on respiratory system is approved somedeal but, few and contradictory evidence exist concerning resistance training (RT), so the purpose of this research was therefore to study effects of eight weeks circuit RT (CRT) on pulmonary function of inactive women. Nineteen volunteer healthy inactive women were randomly divided into 2 groups: without training as control (C) and CRT. A spirometry test was taken 24 h before and after the training course. The training period (8 weeks, 3 sessions/week) for CRT involved two circuits/session, 40-60s for each exercise with 60-80% one repetition maximum (1RM), and 1 and 3 min active rest between exercises and circuits respectively. ANCOVA showed RT increased significantly (p<0.05) maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), peak expiratory flows (PEF), forced expiratory flows 25%-75% ( FEF 25%-75% ), and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) but, vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC ratio didn’t change significantly. The results may suggest that the CRT can improve some pulmonary function factors of healthy young inactive women beside of other benefits of this type of training for women.