جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "handling" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Training handling program is a necessary intervention to complete treatment in children with cerebral palsy. This program is based on neuro-developmental approach and helps mothers to empower themselves in caring of their children. To improve this program, this study aimed to examine and clarify barriers towards mothers’ adherence to implementing handling program.
Data were gathered and then analyzed using a qualitative content analysis method. 15 in-depth interviews were conducted with mothers who participated in a three month training within which they had a workshop, a booklet, and over the phone training in regards to how to manage their Children with CP in their daily activities and caring. Transcripts of the interviews were coded and analyzed using inductive conventional qualitative content analysis.
The barriers were grouped into four categories including “factors related to workshops”, “factors related to booklets”, “factors related to phone follow up”, “factors related to mothering characteristics”.
There are various barriers in implementing the training. To overcome these barriers, the workshop should be presented continuously with various subjects in daily activities and must include theories with practical trainings. Booklet content must be proportionate to each age period. Also, mother's access to all helpful means must be facilitated. Furthermore, financial and welfare facilities were found to be effective on parent's motivation in systematic caring. So, they need special educational and financial supports.

Mothering handling plays an important role in the daily life of children with cerebral palsy (CP) and their mothers, so that the greatest amount of handling of children with CP is done by the mothers at home. The study aimed to explore the process of mothering handling in the children with CP at home.
This qualitative study was conducted using grounded theory methodology in Tehran. The purposeful sampling followed by theoretical sampling. Selecting participants continued to achieve theoretical saturation. The number of participants was 26 including 15 caregivers, 3 children with cerebral palsy, 5 occupational therapists, 1 physiotherapist, and 3 rehabilitation manegers. The main source for gathering data was in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed by Corbin & Straus method (2008).
Six categories/themes emerged from the data, including: motherly care, confronting with unusual co-occupation, confusion in roles, effort to special care, dynamic management of handling, and continuing care. The central category, confrontation with unusual co-occupation, represented the main theme of the research, and all major categories had been related to it.
The results of this research could provide broad perspective to rehabilitation therapists, managers and policy makers for understanding the needs, meeting challenges and concerns of caregivers and children with CP and designing a comprehensive plan for handling process of children with CP and helping them to be empowered for achieving the proper management and effective handling.

Different patterns of word retrieval and naming deficits are observed among aphasics and Alzheimer patients in clinical settings. The Persian Object Picture Naming Battery (Nili Pour, 2005) as a clinical linguistic Battery to measure naming deficits in Persian speaking patients was first developed based on the format of Armstrong Naming Battery (Armstrong, 1996) and has been used by clinicians for some time. In this paper we report on measures of reliability and validity of this battery based on the results obtained from Persian speaking aphasic and Alzheimer patients. In this descriptive analytic study, we are reporting on reliability and validity of object Picture Naming Battery based on the data taken from 59 aphasics and 10 Alzheimer patients referred to different clinics. The validity of this battery is reported based on internal consistency and the test retest results. The reliability of the battery and the subtests were also measured. The differential diagnosis of aphasic and Alzheimer patients to different patterns of naming is also reported as another evidence of validity of the battery. Based on the results, the internal consistency of the test was 0.96 and the test re-test correlation coefficient was 0.87 (P>0.01). The correlation between the scores of this battery and naming sub-test of Persian Aphasia Battery (PAB) was 0.58 (P>0.01). Based on the results, Alzheimer patients’ responses to semantic cueing was significantly better than semantic cueing as compared to aphasic patients. The overall results indicate that Persian Picture Naming Battery has appropriate validity and reliability as a clinical tool to measure naming deficits in Persian speaking aphasic and Alzheimer patients. It can also differentiate different patterns of naming deficits in aphasics and Alzheimer patients using phonological and semantic cueing.

This study aimed to analyze the concept of occupational therapy handling in the children with cerebral palsy from the perspective of occupational therapy instructors and clinicians in Iran.

In this qualitative study, using hybrid model to clarify the concept of handling through three phases. For the theoretical phase, attributes of handling were recognized through a review of the literature (until February 2014), and six in-depth semi - structured interviews, two observations and one panel of expert s were conducted for the fieldwork to develop attributes from the data and to verify those identified from the literature review. In the third phase attributes and final analysis of handling were extracted from the first and second phase.

The results were classified in five main categories that were identified as: (1) care of child, (2) management of treatment, (3) manual technique s, (4) education of activities of daily living (ADL), and (5) lifting and carrying. Core attributes of handling include "control, safety, transfer and positioning ".

It seems that the result s of this study may help in clarifying the concept of handling in children with CP. In addition, by identifying the process, barriers and facilitative factors, and the concept of handling, occupational therapy instructors and therapists will be able to design and run their educational activities based on scientific findings which can provide them with the necessary conditions for education, learning and proper execution of handling in occupational therapy.

Co-occupation is defined as engagement of two or more people in an occupation, who are acting within the same time and the nature of engagement. It involves shared physicality, shared emotionality, and shared intentionality, embedded in a shared meaning. This study was conducted in Iranian context to explore the co-occupations of mothers of children with cerebral palsy (CP) as experienced by children, mothers and occupational therapists (OT). This qualitative research is a part of a big Grounded Theory study. Three children, thirteen mothers and six OTs participated in the study. The data collected via in-depth semi- structured interviews and two observations at home and clinic and three video tapes and one diary. Participants were selected through purposeful sampling following by theoretical sampling. A qualitative content analysis approach was conducted to analyze data by using the constant comparative analysis. In total, 695 initial or open codes were extracted. The results were categorized in four central themes that were identified as; (1) facing with Self care problems, (2) effort to gain treatment follow-up, (3) coping challenges of educational care, and (4) parental limited personal leisure time. The concept of Co-occupation has extended our attitude to specific care for children with CP and has enhanced child care services and also greater awareness of barriers the mothers are faced to.

Today, there are several interpretations by therapists about the concept, implementation, and training aspects of handling of children with cerebral palsy (CP). This has created conflicts and differences in teaching handling for parents and caregivers. Moreover, handling is not clearly defined in the theoretical frameworks underlying occupational therapy (OT). Therefore, the main aim of this study was to provide an overview on handling in the children with CP. This study was a two- stage review of the national and international databases between 1990 and 2012. Out of the 2657 articles Obtained, we have studied 50 relevant full texts related to the topic. Based on the exploration articles and documents, There are several different definitions about handling. It seems that, handling is a special care of children with CP in the occupational performance area and in the domains of self-care, mobility, and social function. Doing proper handling activities, not only is essential to improve the child health but also for parents. All sections of handling are placed on the activity and participation domain of ICF-CY in the domestic life chapter. Although, handling is the main component in the OT, there is no precise and comprehensive definition of the concept yet, and activities related to the handling and its position in the OT has not been clarified.

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of “handling training” to caregivers at home on fine motor development in 6 to 72 months old children with CP.

In this experimental single-blinded study، forty 6 to 72 months old children with cerebral palsy were recruited from some Tehran rehabilitation clinics based on pre-determined inclusion criteria. Then they were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The researcher attended residence of intervention group and along with giving advices to adjust and accommodate the home، well-informed the caregivers about the principals of handling in one 4 hour technical training session. Data were collected using a demographic information questionnaire، Peabody Developmental Motor Scales And Activity Cards test (PDMS_R) and gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) test just before intervention، and 1. 5 months and 3 months after intervention period.

There were significant differences in fine motor development of two groups in 1. 5 months and 3 months after intervention period than before intervention (P < 0. 001(. The average fine motor improvement was statistically significant 3 months after intervention in intervention group (P = 0. 043). No significant difference was recorded between groups in average fine motor improvement (1. 5 months after intervention) (P = 0. 19). In addition، there were no significant differences in average hand use، dexterity and eye hand coordination improvement between two groups 1. 5 months and 3 months after intervention but the average grasp improvement was statistically better in intervention group (P = 0. 036).

In this study، Handling training on caregivers at home could improve fine motor development of 6-72 months old children with CP in long term (3 months).