جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "human lymphocytes" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium can grow in a variety of settings and cause infections that can be fatal, making it a serious threat. Partially purified and characterized bacteriocins with antimicrobial efficacy demonstrated antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria. 

Zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO-NPs )were synthesized by a biological method from suspensions of E. faecium bacteria isolated from the Gums of healthy people at different time points (24 and 48 hour), and temperatures ranging from (35-37)°C to pH (5 - 5.30). 

The size of ZnO-NP particles has been determined. The biosynthesized ZnO-NPs' peak of absorption was visible in the UV-VIS spectrum at 267 nm. The mean dimension of the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs was determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM) to be within 259.2 nm. Three different peak shapes in the XRD spectra demonstrated the production of ZnO NPs.Analysis using X-ray (EDX) demonstrates the zinc content of the ZnO-NPs. SEM was utilized to evaluate dimensions and form. The vast majority of the particles were spherical and uniform in shape, based on SEM images. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined at concentrations ranging between 1000,500, 250,125,64 μg/ml. The minimum inhibitory concentration for ZnO-NPs prepared from E. faecium using the microtiter plate method was 250 μg/mL. The toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles was tested on human lymphocytes. 

ZnO-NPs were synthesized successfully using an easy-to-use, low-cost, green, high-throughput, and environmentally friendly technology that showed remarkable antibacterial effectiveness against a variety of bacterial species.

 Clozapine (CLZ) and risperidone (RIS) are drugs that have the ability to disrupt mitochondrial function. Also, these drugs increase the level of free radicals. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a role in the etiology of various diseases. Replacement and treatment of defective mitochondria with healthy mitochondria have been considered. Mitochondrial therapy (mitotherapy) or exogenous mitochondria transplantation is a method that can be used to replace dysfunctional mitochondria with healthy mitochondria. This method can help in the treatment of diseases related to mitochondria.

 In this study, we investigated the transplantation effect of isolated lymphocyte mitochondria on the toxicity induced by CLZ and RIS on human blood lymphocytes. Lymphocytes were isolated using the Ficoll standard method. Mitochondria of human lymphocytes were used for mitotherapy. This study was conducted in 6 groups. After treatment, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reduced glutathione (GSH) content, oxidized glutathione (GSSG) content, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content were evaluated.

 Our data showed that CLZ (70 µm) and RIS (24 nM) caused cytotoxicity on human blood lymphocytes which are associated with ROS generation, collapse in MMP, decrease in GSH content, increase in GSSG content and change in ATP content. Mitochondria transplantation results showed that adding mitochondria of lymphocytes could protect the lymphocytes against the toxicity effects caused by CLZ and RIS. Furthermore, the results showed that pre-incubation with cytochalasin D considerably reserved the protective effects of mitotherapy in the human lymphocytes.

 We proposed that mitochondria transplantation or mitotherapy-affected blood lymphocytes with exogenous mitochondria could be used to treat CLZ and RIS-induced toxicity.

Man has been exposed to different levels of natural background radiation since the creation of human life. There are inhabited areas around the world with extraordinary levels of natural background radiation. The level of natural radiation in these areas is up to two orders of magnitude higher than other places. Areas such as Yangjiang, China; Guarapari, Brazil; and Kerala, India are among the areas with high levels of natural radiation. Ramsar a coastal city in North Iran has some inhabited areas with the highest known levels of background radiation around the world. People who live in high background radiation areas (HBRAs) such as Ramsar do not record any detrimental biological effects. While some cytogenetic studies conducted in HBRAs have shown increased frequencies of unstable chromosome aberration, other investigations failed to find a significant difference. This short review is an attempt to verify if induction of chromosomal anomalies in the lymphocytes of the residents of high background radiation areas is associated with increased cancer risk.

Chlorpyrifos (CP), an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, is used throughout the world as an insecticide in agriculture and an eradicating agent for termites around homes. In this present study, CP is considered as an oxidative agent which we examine the protective role of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in CP-treated lymphocytes of human. Lymphocytes isolated by Ficoll and exposed to 75 µg/ml CP either alone or in combination with logarithmic doses of ZnO NPs (0/1, 1, 10, 100 µg/ml). After a 3-day incubation period, the viability and oxidative stress markers were determined. Then, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as inflammatory index along with AChE activity and cell death were evaluated. Our results showed that incubation with CP significantly increase the percent of cell death, activities of caspase-3 and -9, level of TNF-α and also promote the levels of biomarkers which play important roles in oxidative stress. On the other hand, the activity of AChE and levels of total antioxidant power (TAP) decreased in CP-treated lymphocytes. In contrast, lymphocytes treated with different concentrations of ZnO NPs, as antioxidant agents, showed a significant decrease in the percent of mortality as well as the levels of TNF-α, as compared with CP-treated lymphocytes. Besides, ZnO NPs increased the levels of AchE and TAP in 0/1, 1, 10, 100 µg/ml, among them the meaningful change was observed in 1 µg/ml. In conclusion, results declare the protective effects of ZnO NPs in prevention of cytotoxic activity of the organophosphates CP in the lymphocytes.

Cytotoxicity and mitochondrial parameters were studied in isolated lymphocytes and their mitochondria obtained from occupationally exposed nurses through inhalation exposure to antineoplastic drugs and results were compared to those of unexposed nurses. The group of occupationally exposed nurses consisted of 50 individuals ranging in age from 30 to 35 years. The control group included 50 nurses who were not occupationally exposed to the preparation and handling of antineoplastic drugs and their anthropometric and biochemical characteristics were similar to those of the expose group. All cytotoxicity and mitochondrial parameters evaluated in exposed group were significantly increased (P

Chlorpyrifos (CP) is one of the most widely used organophosphate (OP) insecticides in agricultural and residential pest control with its attendant adverse health eff ect. In the present study, it is proposed to investigate the possible modulatory role of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) against CP-induced toxicity in human lymphocytes and determine the mechanisms lying behind this protection by viability and biochemical assays. Isolated lymphocytes were exposed to 12? g/mL CP either alone or in combination with diff erent concentrations of MgO NPs (0.1? g/mL, 1? g/mL, 10? g/mL, and 100? g/mL). After a 3-day incubation,the viability and oxidative stress markers including cellular mitochondrial activity, caspase-3 and -9 activities, total antioxidant power, lipid peroxidation, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were measured. Also, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) as infl ammatoryindex, along with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were measured. Statistical diff erences were determined using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Dunnett’s multiple comparison tests. It is indicated that CP-exposed lymphocytes treated with MgO NPs resulted in a substantial reduction in the pace of mortality as well as the stages of oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. Also, MgO NPs (100? g/mL) meaningfully restored CP-induced increase of TNF-? (P < 0.001) and decrease of AChE activity (P < 0.001) and were capable of preventing CP-treated human lymphocytes from apoptosis (P < 0.001). Our results demonstrate that MgO NPs in approximate 100 nm diameter not only make cells resistant to the toxic properties of CP but also attenuate toxic eff ects of CP,which is demonstrating the potential of MgO NPs to be applied in future immune defi ciency therapeutic strategies.

Chlorpyrifos (CP) is a broad-spectrum organophosphorus pesticide used extensively in agricultural and domestic pest control, accounting for 50% of the global insecticidal use. In the present study, protective effects of two selenium-enriched strong antioxidative medicines IMOD and Angipars were examined in human lymphocytes treated with CP in vitro. Isolated lymphocytes were exposed to 12 µg/ml CP either alone or in combination with effective doses (ED50) of IMOD (0.2 µg/ml) and Angipars (1 µg/ml). After 3 days incubation, the viability and oxidative stress markers including cellular lipid peroxidation (LPO), myeloperoxidase (MPO), total thiol molecules (TTM), and total antioxidant power (TAP) were evaluated. Also, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as inflammatory index along with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and cell apoptosis were assessed by flow cytometry. Results indicated that effective doses of IMOD and Angipars reduced CP-exposed lymphocyte mortality rate along with oxidative stress. Both agents restored CP-induced elevation of TNF-α and protected the lymphocytes from CP-induced apoptosis and necrosis. Overall, results confirm that IMOD and Angipars reduce the toxic effects associated with CP through free radical scavenging and protection from apoptosis and necrosis.

More than 100,000 Iranian veterans and civilians still suffer from various long-term complications due to their exposure to sulfur mustard (SM) during the Iran–Iraq war in 1983–88. The aim of the study was to investigate DNA damage of SM in veterans who were exposed to SM, 23–27 years prior to this study. Blood samples were obtained from the veterans and healthy volunteers as negative controls. Lymphocytes were isolated from blood samples and DNA breaks were measured using single-cell microgel electrophoresis technique under alkaline conditions (comet assay). Single cells were analyzed with “Tri Tek Comet Score version 1.5” software and DNA break was measured based on the percentage of tail DNA alone, or in the presence of H2O2 (25 μM) as a positive control. A total of 25 SM exposed male veterans and 25 male healthy volunteers with similar ages (44.66 ± 6.2 and 42.12 ± 5.75 years, respectively) were studied. Percentage of the lymphocyte DNA damage was significantly (p < 0.01) higher in the SM-exposed individuals than in the controls (6.47 ± 0.52 and 1.31 ± 0.35, respectively). Percentages of DNA damage in the different age groups of 35–39, 40–44, 45–49, and 50–54 years in SM-exposed veterans (5.48 ± 0.17, 6.7 3 ± 1.58, 6.42 ± 0.22, and 7.27 ± 0.38, respectively) were all significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the controls (1.18 ± 0.25, 1.53 ± 0.22, 1.27 ± 0.20, and 1.42 ± 0.10, respectively). The lymphocytes incubated with H2O2 had much higher DNA damage as expected. The average of tail DNA is 42.12 ± 2.75% for control cells + H2O2 and 18.48 ± 2.14% for patients cells + H2O2; P < 0.001. SM exposure of the veterans revealed DNA damage as judged by the comet assay.

Application of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) as a non-invasive and accurate imaging procedure has been widely used in recent years. Meanwhile, the biological effects of magnetic fields of several tesla (T) and high energy radiofrequency (RF) is not fully known yet. Because of controversy over this issue, the present research has been carried out in order to verify the effects of magnetic fields of 1.5 T and RF of 63.86 MHz on the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in human peripheral lymphocytes. Using metaphase analysis technique, the cytogenetic effects of NMRI was studied in GO and G2lymphocytes in the presence or absence of cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) as a DNA repair inhibitor. Cells were cultured using conventional methods. Results obtained indicate that exposure of lymphocytes to NMRI field at 30 and 60 minutes has no potential effects on chromosomal aberration induction. When using ara-C, although ara-C alone caused a rather high frequency of chromosomal aberrations, especially in G2 phase of the cell cycle, exposure of cells to NMRI in the presence of ara-C did not change the frequency of ara-C-induced damage significantly. Our results indicate that NMRI may not be able to produce DNA damage that could be potentiated by ara-C. Similar responses were also observed for cells exposed to NMRI either in vivo or in vitro. Nevertheless much remains unknown about the certain effects of MRI and RF.