جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "hydatid cyst" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"
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Background
Hydatid disease, a prevalent health concern in livestock-producing nations, results from Echinococcus larval stages infection. The disease can affect multiple organs, including the liver, lungs, muscles, bones, kidneys, spleen, brain, and heart. Symptoms range from cough, hemoptysis, and shortness of breath to retention pneumonia, atelectasis, and congestion. Diagnosis involves a combination of patient history, physical examinations, and diagnostic tools such as X-rays and computed tomography scans. Treatment typically entails surgical intervention and albendazole therapy.
Case PresentationA 55-year-old woman with a history of hyperlipidemia and dog care was referred to the Baqiyatallah Heart Clinic for recurrent episodes of chest pain. She was subsequently diagnosed with ischemic heart disease and given standard care, including heparin, for acute coronary syndrome. Upon further evaluation via angiography, stenosis was detected in the left anterior descending artery, prompting a referral for thoracic surgery. After a week-long recovery period, angioplasty and stent placement were carried out, with observations indicating normal right and left ventricular sizes.
Discussion and ConclusionsPulmonary hydatid cysts, frequently resulting from prolonged contact with domestic animals, are typically marked by coughs. Treatment approaches encompass surgical interventions and benzimidazole administration following the procedure. Surgical treatment, particularly thoracotomy resection and pharmacotherapy, is the preferred approach. Hemoptysis, an uncommon occurrence in adults, can also arise from anticoagulant usage.
Keywords: Hemoptysis, Angiography, Hydatidosis, Hydatid Cyst -
From a global perspective, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hydatid cyst disease are both common; however, the endemic and zoonotic nature of hydatid cysts (due to Echinococcus larvae) makes the simultaneous detection of the two conditions a rare occurrence. In this case report, in a 43-year-old male patient, we aim to draw attention to the potential coexistence of HCC and liver hydatid cysts by presenting a case in which HCC tissue was detected in the cyst wall—removed by emergency surgery due to cyst perforation. Hydatid lesions in the liver may exhibit tumor-like growth characteristics. Consequently, identifying a hydatid cyst concomitant with HCC can be challenging, particularly when HCC has developed within the cystic structure. Careful assessment of resected tissues and detailed diagnostic approaches can facilitate the identification of such cases, even if the risk of HCC in patients with hydatid cysts is marginal. It may be advisable to suggest periodic monitoring with HCC-related markers and liver imaging methods.
Keywords: Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Hydatid Cyst, Echinococcus, Coexistence, Liver -
Echinococcus granulosus remains a global public health issue. Although predominantly affecting the liver, the lungs are the second most affected organ and often undergo surgical intervention. Here, a case managed by bronchoscopy and medical therapy is presented. A 26-year-old woman was presented with a cough, hemoptysis, and a 5 kg weight loss in the last two months. Chest imaging identified a 4 cm centrally cystic mass lesion in the middle lobe of the right lung, which was suspicious of lung cancer. Bronchoscopy revealed a whitish, plastic-like object that was difficult to extricate and obstructed the middle lobe bronchus. We removed the material and purulent secretions covering it and opened the middle lobe bronchus totally. The histopathological study verified its consistency with hydatid cyst. There was no evidence of a hydatid cyst on computerized thomography after bronchoscopy. The lesion in the left lobe of the liver, confirmed to be suggestive of a hydatid cyst via ultrasonography, was treated using the PAIR technique. We administered oral albendazole to continue the treatment. It may be a reasonable approach to postpone surgery in order to preserve lung tissue in patients who have undergone complete removal of hydatid cyst material via bronchoscope.
Keywords: Parasites, Echinococcus Granulosus, Pulmonary Infection, Hemoptysis, Hydatid Cyst -
Hydatid disease is mostly found in endemic areas such as the Middle East, particularly in patients with a certain history of exposure. Signs and symptoms depend on the organ infected by the cysts. Hepatic cysts may cause abdominal pain and jaundice. Pulmonary hydatid cysts, on the other hand, usually occur in the lower lobe of the right lung and present with chest pain, cough, or shortness of breath. Rupture occurs in about one-third of patients, releasing a highly antigenic fluid, which can result in anaphylaxis when ruptured into the bronchus. Alternatively, although not common, pulmonary hydatid cyst rupture may result in pleural effusion or, rarely, pneumothorax. Our patient was a young man who presented with pneumothorax resulting from a ruptured pulmonary hydatid cyst and concurrent extensive DVT. The cysts were completely resected, and the underlying parenchyma was repaired through a posterolateral thoracotomy, while DVT was managed by anti-thrombotic therapy.
Keywords: Hydatid Cyst, Echinococcus Granulosus, Pneumothorax, Deep Vein Thrombosis -
زمینه و هدف
سرطان کولورکتال سومین سرطان شایع در مردان و دومین سرطان شایع در زنان است. استفاده از انگل ها یا آنتی ژن های انگل یکی از نوین ترین روش های درمانی برای سرطان است که هنوز در فاز انسانی مورد استفاده و تایید قرار نگرفته است. این مطالعه به منظور تعیین اثر سمیت سلولی کربوهیدرات های تخلیص شده از لایه هیالن، مایع و پروتواسکولکس کیست هیداتید بر رده سلولی سرطان کولورکتال انسانی انجام شد.
روش بررسیاین مطالعه توصیفی تحلیلی روی دو کبد گوسفند و دو کبد گاو آلوده به کیست هیداتید و رده سلولی آدنوکارسینومای کولورکتال انسانی (LS174T) خریداری شده از انستیتو پاستور ایران در دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز طی سال 1401 انجام شد. مایع کیست، پروتواسکولکس ها و نیز لایه هیالن از کبدهای آلوده به کیست هیداتید جدا شدند و گلیکوپروتئین ها و گلیکولیپیدهای بخش های مختلف کیست به روش کلروفرم - متانول استخراج شدند. با روش بتا الیمینیشن کربوهیدرات ها تخلیص شدند و حضور آنها با روش اسیدسولفوریک فنول تایید شد. سمیت سلولی کربوهیدرات های تخلیص شده بر رده سلولی LS174T با استفاده از روش MTT به مدت 24 ساعت مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت.
یافته هارقت های 0.5 و 0.25 کربوهیدرات های تخلیص شده از گلیکوپروتئین ها و گلیکولیپیدهای کیست هیداتید به طور معنی داری باعث مهار رشد سلول های LS174T شد (P<0.05). ارزیابی سمیت سلولی در مرحله اول نشان داد که کربوهیدرات های تخلیص شده از گلیکوپروتئین مایع کیست گوسفند (38.60±1.33%)، گلیکوپروتئین لایه هیالن کیست گاو (36.61±1.76%)، گلیکولیپید لایه هیالن کیست گاو (38.94±2.99%)، گلیکوپروتئین پروتواسکولکس کیست گاو (40.27±3.66%) و گلیکولیپید پروتواسکولکس کیست گوسفند (37.94±1.99%) به طور معنی داری اثرات مهاری بارزتری دارند (P<0.05). غربالگری بعدی با روش MTT نشان داد که کربوهیدرات های تخلیص شده از گلیکوپروتئین های جداشده از مایع کیست هیداتید گوسفند (52.35±10.24%) و گلیکولیپید جدا شده از لایه هیالن کیست هیداتید گاو (53.40±7.88%) و گلیکولیپید جدا شده از پروتواسکولکس کیست هیداتید گوسفند (53.05±5.06%) به طور معنی داری دارای اثرات مهاری بارزتری بر رشد سلول های سرطانی LS174T بودند (P<0.05).
نتیجه گیریکربوهیدرات های جدا شده از گلیکوپروتئین ها و گلیکولیپیدهای لایه هیالن و پروتواسکولکس مایع کیست هیداتید اثر ضدسرطانی قابل توجهی بر رده سلولی سرطان کولورکتال LS174T دارند.
کلید واژگان: سرطان کولورکتال, کیست هیداتید, اکینوکوکوس گرانولوزوس, کربوهیدراتBackground and ObjectiveColorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in men and the second most common in women. The use of parasites or parasite antigens is one of the newest therapeutic approaches for cancer, although it has not yet been used or approved in human trials. This study aimed to determine the cytotoxic effects of purified carbohydrates from the hyaline layer, fluid, and protoscolices of hydatid cysts on the human colorectal cancer cell line (LS174T).
MethodsThis descriptive-analytical study was conducted on two sheep and two cow livers infected with hydatid cysts, and the human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (LS174T) purchased from the Pasteur Institute of Iran at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran during 2022. Cyst fluid, protoscolices, and the hyaline layer were isolated from the hydatid cyst-infected livers, and glycoproteins and glycolipids from different parts of the cyst were extracted using the chloroform-methanol method. Carbohydrates were purified using the beta-elimination method and their presence was confirmed using the phenol-sulfuric acid method. The cytotoxicity of purified carbohydrates on the LS174T cell line was evaluated using the methyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay for 24 hours.
ResultsConcentrations of 0.5 and 0.25 of purified carbohydrates from glycoproteins and glycolipids of hydatid cysts significantly inhibited the growth of LS174T cells (P<0.05). Initial cytotoxicity evaluation showed that purified carbohydrates from glycoproteins of sheep cyst fluid (38.60±1.33%), glycoproteins of cow cyst hyaline layer (36.61±1.76%), glycolipids of cow cyst hyaline layer (38.94±2.99%), glycoproteins of cow cyst protoscolices (40.27±3.66%), and glycolipids of sheep cyst protoscolices (37.94±1.99%) had significantly more pronounced inhibitory effects (P<0.05). Subsequent screening with the MTT assay revealed that purified carbohydrates from glycoproteins isolated from sheep hydatid cyst fluid (52.35±10.24%), glycolipids isolated from cow hydatid cyst hyaline layer (53.40±7.88%), and glycolipids isolated from sheep hydatid cyst protoscolices (53.05±5.06%) had significantly more pronounced inhibitory effects on the growth of LS174T cancer cells (P<0.05).
ConclusionCarbohydrates isolated from glycoproteins and glycolipids of the hyaline layer, fluid, and protoscolices of hydatid cysts have significant anticancer effects on the LS174T colorectal cancer cell line.
Keywords: Colorectal Neoplasms, Hydatid Cyst, Echinococcus Granulosus, Carbohydrates -
مقدمه
هیداتیدوز یکی از شایع ترین بیماری های انگلی زئونوز دنیا است که در ایران نیز اندمیک است. به دلیل این که تاکنون مطالعه ای روی شیوع سرمی هیداتیدوز در بروجرد انجام نشده، این مطالعه با هدف بررسی میزان شیوع سرمی هیداتیدوز انسانی و عوامل خطر مرتبط با آن در مراجعه کنندگان به مراکز جامع سلامت بروجرد به روش الیزا انجام شد.
مواد و روش هااین مطالعه توصیفی-مقطعی روی 351 نمونه سرم از مراجعین به مراکز جامع سلامت بروجرد انجام شد. پس از گرفتن رضایت نامه آگاهانه و تکمیل پرسشنامه، نمونه ها جمع آوری و وجود آنتی بادی G ضد اکینوکوکوس گرانولوزوس با روش الیزا سنجیده شد. داده ها با استفاده از آزمون مربع کای و آزمون دقیق فیشر مورد واکاوی قرار گرفتند.
یافته هااز 351 فرد آزمایش شده، 14 نفر (4 درصد) شامل 5 نفر (8/2 درصد) از زنان و 9 نفر (1/5 درصد) از مردان آنتی بادی ضد اکینوکوکوس داشتند. ارتباط معنی داری بین وجود آنتی بادی ضد اکینوکوکوس با سن، جنسیت، میزان تحصیلات، شغل، محل سکونت، ارتباط با سگ و نوع شستشوی سبزیجات مصرفی وجود نداشت.
بحث و نتیجه گیرینتایج نشان داد که میزان شیوع سرمی هیداتیدوز در جمعیت مطالعه شده در شهر بروجرد 4% است که بیشتر از درصد آلودگی غرب کشور است. با توجه به اندمیک بودن بیماری در این منطقه و همچنین اهمیت بهداشتی آن، انجام اقدامات لازم از جمله ذبح بهداشتی دام، پیشگیری از تغذیه سگ ها با امعا و احشا آلوده دام و مبارزه با سگ های ولگرد، به منظور کنترل و پیشگیری از این عفونت انگلی ضروری است.
کلید واژگان: اکینوکوکوس گرانولوزوس, کیست هیداتیک, همه گیرشناسی سرمی, الیزا, بروجرد, ایرانYafteh, Volume:26 Issue: 3, 2024, PP 77 -86BackgroundHydatidosis is one of the most common zoonotic parasitic diseases in the world, which is also endemic in Iran. Because no seroprevalence study of Hydatidosis has been conducted in Borujerd, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the seroprevalence of hydatidosis and its associated risk factors among individuals attending comprehensive health centers in Borujerd, Iran, using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.
Materials and MethodsThis descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted on 351 serum samples from individuals attending comprehensive health centers in Borujerd city. After obtaining informed consent and completing a questionnaire, blood samples were collected, and the presence of anti-Echinococcus granulosus IgG antibody was detected by ELISA method. Data were analyzed using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests.
ResultsThe findings indicated that 14 out of 351 subjects tested were positive for anti-Echinococcus antibodies, with seropositivity rates of 5.1% in men and 2.8% in women. No significant associations were observed between the presence of anti-Echinococcus antibodies and variables such as age, gender, education level, occupation, place of residence, contact with dogs, and vegetable washing practices.
ConclusionThe results highlighted a notable seroprevalence of hydatidosis in Borujerd (4%), which is higher than the average of infection rate in the west of Iran. Considering the endemicity of the disease in this region and also its health importance, taking necessary measures, including hygienic slaughter of livestock, prevention of feeding dogs with contaminated intestines and viscera, and collecting stray dogs in order to control and prevent this parasitic infection.
Keywords: Echinococcus Granulosus, Hydatid Cyst, Seroepidemiology, ELISA, Borujerd, Iran -
Objectives
Hydatid cysts are one of the most critical parasitic infections common to humans and animals and affect the health of communities. This study investigates the frequency distribution of hydatid cysts based on clinical and individual characteristics of patients referred to health centers in Kerman City, Iran, from 2011 to 2020.
MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, information was obtained from the medical records of 115 patients with hydatid cysts who were referred to hospitals and health centers during the years 2011-2020. Public and private clinics in Kerman City, Iran, were selected, and information on demography, and clinical and diagnostic approaches of patients were collected. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS software, version 22.
ResultsA total of 115 with a mean age of 20.31±0.89 years were included in the study. The highest number of patients was identified in 2013. More than half of the patients (53%) were female and the rest were male (47%). The age group of 20 to 40 years showed the highest rate of involvement (45.2%) while the age group of 60 to 80 years showed the lowest rate of involvement (1.3%). The majority of patients (76.5%) lived in the city and more than a quarter of patients had a history of contact with dogs (26.1%). Nausea (91.3%), chest pain and cough (46.1%), abdominal pain, and an enlarged liver (29.6%), were the most common clinical symptoms, and lungs (56.5%) and liver (31.3%) were the most involved organs in individuals. The disease was diagnosed by radiology and surgery in less than half of the patients (46.9%). Most patients (80%) received surgical and drug treatment together and the duration of treatment in less than half of them (45.2%) was two months.
DiscussionThe occurrence of hydatid cysts in Kerman City, Iran, especially in young people, is significant and the mean age of patients in Kerman City, similar to studies in some parts of the country, is very low, emphasizing the crucialness of being attentive to the disease and highlights the need for further research. Also, educating and informing families about the disease and its means of transmission along with controlling stray dogs can be beneficial in breaking the transmission chain.
Keywords: Hydatid Cyst, Cross-Sectional Study, Parasitic Infections, Kerman -
بیماری هیداتید در مناطقی از دنیا که به پرورش دام اشتغال دارند دیده می شود، میزبان نهائی سگ و یا به ندرت گرگ و روباه است که به صورت کرم نواری در روده آنها زندگی می کند، انسان و دام میزبان واسطه می باشند که بر حسب اتفاق به تخم انگل از طریق پشم و یا مدفوع سگ وارد روده انسان می شود. شیوع آن به ترتیب در کبد، ریه، احشاء داخلی و مغز است و در سایر اندام های بدن به طور نادر دیده شده است، درمان آن برداشتن کامل کیست و یا تخلیه کیست و تزریق مواد کشنده اسکولکس و تخلیه مجدد کیست می باشد. در اینجا یک مورد کیست هیداتید در قاعده حفره زیربغلی در یک جوان 23 ساله گزارش می شود که تاکنون شانزده مورد در دنیا گزارش شده ولی همراه شدن لنفادنیت چرکی و کیست هیداتیک تا به حال گزارش نشده است.
کلید واژگان: کیست هیداتید, تومور حفره زیر بغلی - لنفادنیت چرکیHydatid cyst is an endemic disease especially in regions which raise livestock. The tape worm lives in dog’s intestine which accompany livestock and human; and very rarely in wolf and foxes. Upon contamination via the dogs excreta or wool; the larvae enters the gut which serves as intermediate host for the disease. The larvae free scolexes in the gut and enters the portal blood stream. It usually settles in the liver, lung, and brain which get most of the blood, rarely it may reside in other parts of the body. Treatment is by complete excision or aspiration and injection of scolicide and reaspiration (PAIR).
In this article we present a case of axillary hydatid cyst in a 23-year old man, which is very rare and only 16 cases has been reported in medical literature so far; but a combination of axillary hydated cyst along with suppurative lymphadenitis has not been found in literature so far.Keywords: Hydatid Cyst, Axillary Fossa, Suppurative Lymphadenitis -
BACKGROUND
Human hydatid disease (HD) is a chronic parasitic infection caused by Echinococcus species. Classic human hydatid cystic disease is a neglected zoonotic disease caused by the larva of cestode Echinococcus granulosus, leading to serious life-threatening complications. This study examines the range of presentations, mainly uncommon sites and changes in hematological parameters in recurrence and before and after surgery.
METHODSAmongst a total of 109 cases of HD, 25 unusual sites of HD were retrospectively studied in central India tertiary care rural hospitals from January 2016 to December 2020. Demographic details, clinical details, treatment reports, hematological reports, histopathology reports, and ultrasonography (USG)/computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reports were also retrieved.
RESULTSHistologically, scolices were found in 40.36% of the cases. Preoperative mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet count (PLT) were significantly higher and lower, respectively, compared to the postoperative period. The recurrence rate of HD after surgery was 3.6%, while in the case of unusual presentation, recurrence was noted as 8%. All 4 cases of recurrence showed increased PLT (P < 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONFindings of the study highlight essential features of HD, which help early clinical suspicion, prompt diagnosis, and management to reduce morbidity and mortality related to HD. A possibility of HD should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic swellings present anywhere in the body, especially at rare and unusual sites. Platelet parameters and eosinophil count could be utilized for early suspicion and ruling out the possibility of recurrence of HD.
Keywords: Hydatid Cyst, Echinococcus, Recurrence -
Background
There are ten genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus with different intermediate and final hosts affecting the parasite's life cycle and its transmission to humans. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the genotype of isolated hydatid cysts using the simple and fast high-resolution melting point analysis (HRM) method.
MethodsThe paraffin tissue samples of patients who underwent surgery were obtained from the pathology sample bank of Vasei and Emdad Hospitals in Sabzevar, Iran during 2010-2020. The DNA content of the samples was extracted after collecting and determining the characteristics using the DNA extraction kit. PCR was performed on the samples and the presence of the hydatid cyst genome was confirmed using the special Master Kit. Mix PCR of Solis Biodyne Company and Real-Time device (Bio-Rad) were used, and the genetic identity of hydatid cysts were determined.
ResultsOut of 33 paraffin samples, 21 samples contained hydatid cyst DNA, two of which were from the brain and 19 from the liver tissues; 12 samples did not contain hydatid cyst DNAs. All liver samples were from sheep species (G1), and the brain samples were from buffalo species (G3). Therefore, 9.53% of the Echinococcus species collected were buffalo (G3), and 90.47% were sheep (G1) strain.
ConclusionBased on previous patterns, HRM methods can be used for easy and quick identification of Echinococcus strains. The G1 strain was the dominant strain causing hydatid cyst in different human organs, including the liver and brain.
Keywords: Echinococcus Granulosus, Genotyping, Hydatid Cyst, High-Resolution Meltingpoint Analysis -
زمینه و هدف
کیست هیداتید یک نوع آلودگی انگلی است که موجب بروز آسیب در کبد، ریه و سایر اندام های بدن می شود. فردی که به کیست هیداتید مبتلا می شود، معمولا عوارض شدیدی را تجربه می کند و کیست هایی در بدن او ایجاد می شوند که باید هر چه سریع تر درمان شوند. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اپیدمیولوژیک بیماران جراحی شده کیست هیداتید در بیمارستان های سطح استان قم طی سال های 1380 -1397 انجام شد.
مواد و روش هااین مطالعه به صورت توصیفی - مقطعی انجام شد. پرونده تمام بیماران مبتلا به کیست هیداتید جراحی شده در مراکز آموزشی درمانی شهر قم (دولتی و خصوصی) به صورت سرشماری مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. سپس اطلاعات مربوط به متغیرهای مورد نظر (سن، جنس، محل سکونت، شغل، عضو درگیر، عود بیماری، سرولوژی و سونوگرافی برای کیست) در فرم ثبت اطلاعات بیماران ثبت شدند و سپس مورد تجزیه و تحلیل آماری قرار گرفتند.
یافته هادر مطالعه حاضر 72 نفر زن (8/51 درصد) و 67 نفرد مرد (2/48 درصد) مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. میانگین سنی بیماران 18/15 ± 58/39 سال بود. طول مدت بستری بیماران 46/3 ± 5.58 روز بود. بیشترین روش تشخیصی سی تی اسکن 70 (4/50 درصد) و بیشترین روش سرولوژی به کار برده شده برای بیماران هماگلوتیناسیون غیر مستقیم 124 مورد (5/90 درصد) بود. بیشترین ارگان درگیر شده در بیماران لوب راست کبدی 68 مورد (9/48 درصد) بود. بین سن، جنسیت، شغل و مکان کیست هیداتید ارتباط آماری معناداری یافت نشد (05/0 P >).
نتیجه گیریبا توجه به اهمیت بیماری کیست هیداتید در شهر قم لزوم انجام مطالعات جامعتر و به روزتر احساس می شود. همچنین لزوم آموزش و آگاهی بخشی به جامعه درباره این بیماری و کنترل و قطع چرخه انگل احساس می شود.
کلید واژگان: اپیدمیولوژیک, کیست هیداتیک, جراحیIntroduction & ObjectiveHydatid cyst is a type of parasitic infection that causes damage to liver, lung and other body organs. A person who gets a hydatid cyst usually experiences severe complications and cysts develop in his body that must be treated as soon as possible. This study was conducted with the aim of epidemiological investigation of hydatid cyst surgery patients in hospitals of Qom province during 2001-2016.
Materials & MethodsThis study was conducted in a descriptive-cross-sectional manner. The files of all patients with hydatid cysts operated on in educational and medical centers of Qom city (public and private) were examined by census. Then, the information related to the desired variables (age, sex, place of residence, occupation, involved organ, disease recurrence, serology and ultrasound for cyst) were recorded in the patient information registration form and then subjected to statistical analysis.
ResultsIn this study, 72 women (51.8%) and 67 men (48.2%) were examined. The average age of the patients was 39.58 ± 15.18 years. The length of hospitalization of the patients was 5.58 ± 3.46 days. The most diagnostic method was CT scan 70 (50.4%) and the most serological method used for indirect hemagglutination patients was 124 cases (90.5%). The most involved organ in patients was the right lobe of the liver in 68 cases (48.9%). No significant statistical relationship was found between age, gender, occupation and location of hydatid cyst (P > 0.05).
ConclusionsConsidering the importance of hydatid cyst disease in Qom city, it is felt necessary to conduct more comprehensive and updated studies. Also, it is felt necessary to educate and inform the society about this disease and to control and stop the parasite cycle.
Keywords: Epidemiological, Hydatid Cyst, Surgery -
Hydatid disease is endemic in some regions of the world. Even in endemic regions, splenic hydatid cysts are rare, especially in pregnancy. The most serious presentation is intra peritoneal rupture, which is a surgical emergency. Exploration with splenectomy is the favoured management. We present a case of splenic hydatid cyst, detected late in pregnancy, with intraperitoneal rupture in the postpartum period. Cystic lesions located anywhere in the body in endemic regions could be hydatid cysts. Prompt treatment should be planned immediately on detection in order to prevent potentially serious complications like rupture.
Keywords: Hydatid Cyst, Spleen, Pregnancy, Rupture, Splenectomy -
Background
Hydatid cyst is a parasitic infection, often caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Although it is classified as a benign disease, cyst ruptures in the abdomen can be fatal. Ruptures occur spontaneously or after trauma. We aimed to report data from patients who underwent emergency surgery due to spontaneous intra-abdominal hydatid cyst rupture.
MethodsUpon a retrospective review of the records at Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey, we found that 34 cases were operated on due to hydatid cyst rupture between January 2012 and October 2022. All patients were operated on in an emergency, and partial cystectomy, intra-abdominal irrigation, and drainage were performed using laparotomy. The patients were evaluated in terms of age, sex, symptoms, radiological findings, laboratory results, intraoperative findings, and postoperative follow-ups.
ResultsTwenty-two (64.7%) female and 12 (35.3%) male patients were enrolled. The mean age was 39.1 (±17.58) years. All patients experienced spontaneous rupture. The ruptured cyst was found in the liver in 32 patients (94%), the spleen in 1 patient (3%), and the pelvis in 1 patient (3%). The diagnosis was determined using ultrasonography in 12 (35.3%) patients, computed tomography in 21 (61.8%) patients, and magnetic resonance imaging in 1 (2.9%) patient. All patients exhibited acute abdomen and leukocytosis. The average length of hospital stay was 5.14 (±1.37) days.
ConclusionHydatid cyst rupture should be considered in cases of acute abdomen, particularly in regions where the disease is endemic, as in our region. The ruptured hydatid cyst was primarily observed in the liver (94.11% of cases).
Keywords: Acute abdomen, Hydatid cyst, Spontaneous perforation -
زمینه و اهداف
کیست هیداتید از مرحله لاروی اکینوکوکوس گرانولوزوس حاصل می شود. این بیماری مشترک بین انسان وجانوران، منجر به فوت افراد و ضررهای اقتصادی جهانی می گردد. درمان های جراحی و شیمیایی برای این بیماری ممکن است پرعارضه یا ناکارآمد باشند. این مطالعه تاثیر همزمان امواج فراصوت و آلبندازول سولفوکسید را بر پروتواسکولکس های کیست هیداتید ارزیابی می کند.
مواد و روش کارپروتواسکولکس های اکینوکوکوس بدست آمده از کبد گوسفندان آلوده شده به طور طبیعی ، به چهار گروه تقسیم شدند. یک گروه به مدت 24 ساعت تحت تاثیر آلبندازول سولفوکساید با غلظتهای 12.5 و 25 میکروگرم در میلی لیتر قرار گرفتند. گروه دیگر تحت اثر امواج فراصوت به مدت 5، 9، 12، 18 ثانیه در شدتهای 5، 15، 25 وات بر سانتی متر مربع قرار گرفتند. گروه دیگر پس از 24 ساعت تاثیر آلبندازول سولفوکسید تحت اثر امواج فراصوت قرار گرفتند . برای هر مورد یک گروه کنترل در نظر گرفته شد. مرگ و میر برای هر گروه و زیرگروه با مشاهده پروتواسکولکس ها زیر میکروسکوپ نوری پس از افزودن ائوزین 0/1 ٪ ارزیابی شد. داده ها در SPSS 23 تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.
یافته ها و نتیجه گیریامواج فراصوت نسبت به آلبندازول سولفوکسید تاثیر بیشتری بر مرگ و میر پروتواسکولیس ها داشت و مرگ ومیر با شدت (F 64/467, p=0/001) و مدت زمان ارتعاش (F=179/932, p=0/001) مرتبط بود. امواج فراصوت و آلبندازول سولفوکسید در کنار یکدیگر موثرتر از هرکدام به تنهایی بودند (p=0/037) بدین صورت که در همه زیرگروه های تحت تاثیر این ترکیب، مرگ و میر 100٪ بود. امواج فراصوت به تنهایی قادر است پروتواسکولکس های کیست هیداتید را به سرعت نابود کند. همچنین، تاثیرات همزمان امواج فراصوت و آلبندازول سولفوکسید امکان دستیابی به مرگ کامل پروتواسکولکس ها را با دوزهای کمتری از آلبندازول سولفوکسید و مدت و شدت کمتر از تابش اولتراسون فراهم می کند.
کلید واژگان: امواج فراصوت کانونی, امواج فراصوت, کیست هیداتید, اکینوکوکوس گرانولوزوس, پروتواسکولکس, آلبندازول سولفوکسایدBackground and AimHydatid cyst is caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. This zoonotic disease causes fatalities and economic losses worldwide. Surgical and chemical treatments may be harmful or ineffective. This study evaluated ultrasonic waves and albendazole sulfoxide's synergistic effect on hydatid cyst protoscolices.
Materials and MethodsEchinococcus protoscolices from the livers of naturally infected sheep were separated into four groups. One group was exposed to 12.5 and 25 µg/mL albendazole sulfoxide for 24 hours. Another group was exposed to ultrasonic waves for 5, 9, 12, and 18 seconds at the intensities of 5, 15, and 25 w/cm2, respectively. Another group was affected by ultrasound after 24 hours of Albendazole sulfoxide exposure. A control group was considered in each case. Mortality was assessed for each group and subgroup by observing protoscolices under a light microscope after adding 0.1% eosin. The data were analyzed in SPSS 23.
Results and ConclusionUltrasound had a greater effect on the protoscolices’ mortality than albendazole sulfoxide and the lethality was associated with intensity (F = 64.467, P=0.001) and exposure duration (F=179.932, P=0.001). Ultrasound and albendazole sulfoxide together were more effective than either alone (P=0.037), resulting in 100% death in all subgroups impacted by the combination.
Ultrasound alone can quickly destroy hydatid cyst protoscolices. Also, the synergistic effects of ultrasonic waves and albendazole sulfoxide make it possible to accomplish total protoscolices death with lower dosages of albendazole sulfoxide and shorter duration and lower intensity of ultrasonic irradiation.Keywords: Albendazole Sulfoxide, Echinococcus Granulosus, Focused Ultrasound, Hydatid Cyst, Protoscolex, Ultrasonic Waves -
Background
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) or hydatid disease is a global public health concern which imposes considerable economic costs on the communities in endemic regions. CE surveillance data are not adequately reliable. The present study reports the development and outcomes of a CE registry in Iran.
MethodsHydatid Registry (HydatidReg) was initially established as a single-center registry in 2014 after the ethical approval of KMU. Following a call from MoHME to promote registry of different diseases and health outcomes, a call for participation was announced and all the Iranian Universities of Medical Sciences were requested to contribute to the registry. Subsequently, a nation-wide registry of hydatid disease was established in 2016. With a global perspective, HydatidReg joined the European Register of Cystic Echinococcosis (ERCE). A data collection form based on minimum dataset was designed and standard operating procedures (SOPs) were prepared to ensure standardized patient enrolment in the registry. A biobank system with two-dimensional barcoding was established along with HydatidReg for management and organization of biological specimens.
ResultsAs of March 2021, a total of 690 patients were enrolled in the registry. HydatidReg registered 362 (17.3%) out of the total 2097 patients enrolled in ERCE. Quality control (QC) of the data demonstrated 91.2% completeness and 80% timeliness. In the biobank, 322 biological specimens from 184 CE patients have been deposited including 70 blood, 96 sera and 156 parasite materials.
ConclusionHigh-quality data in the HydatidReg registry provided opportunities for health professionals to improve quality of care and organize meaningful research.
Keywords: Biobanking, Disease surveillance, Echinococcosis, Hydatid cyst, National registry -
مقدمه
اکینوکوکوس گرانولوزوس عامل ایجاد کیست هیداتیک است که توزیع جهانی دارد. امروزه، تحقیقات بسیاری برای غیرفعال کردن پروتواسکولکس های کیست هیداتیک انجام شده است. این مطالعه با هدف مقایسه اثر اسکولکس کشی آمینو-برومو فنیل کومارین و آمینو-هیدروکسی فنیل کومارین بر پروتواسکولکس های کیست هیداتیک در شرایط برون تنی صورت گرفت.
مواد و روش هافعالیت اسکولکس کشی آمینو-برومو فنیل کومارین و آمینو-هیدروکسی فنیل کومارین در غلظت های 2/1، 5/1، 10/1 و 100/1، پس از 15، 30 و 60 دقیقه انکوباسیون، به صورت جداگانه آزمایش گردید و هرکدام از آزمایش ها سه بار تکرار شد. زنده بودن پروتواسکولکس ها با رنگ ایوزین 1/0 درصد زیر میکروسکوپ نوری بررسی و سپس داده ها با نرم افزار GraphPad vol.5 و آزمون آنالیز واریانس دو طرفه (Two-way repeated measures ANOVA) تجزیه وتحلیل گردید و مقادیر 0.05> P به عنوان سطح معنی دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته های پژوهش:
نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که آمینو-برومو فنیل کومارین در غلظت 10/1، پس از 60 دقیقه مواجهه، 100 درصد پروتواسکولکس ها را در مقایسه با گروه کنترل از بین می برد؛ اما 2 آمینو-هیدروکسی فنیل کومارین در غلظت 100/1، پس از 60 دقیقه مواجهه، 98 درصد پروتواسکولکس ها را از بین می برد.
بحث و نتیجه گیرییافته های مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که 2 آمینو-برومو فنیل کومارین آثار پروتواسکولکس کشی قوی تری نسبت به 2 آمینو-هیدروکسی فنیل کومارین دارد. بااین حال، برای ارزیابی کارایی این ترکیبات شیمیایی، نیاز به مطالعات بیشتر و تحقیقات درون تنی است.
کلید واژگان: کیست هیداتیک, پروتواسکولکس کشی, برون تنی, مشتقات کومارینیIntroductionEchinococcus granulosus is the causative agent of hydatid cysts, which are distributed worldwide. Nowadays, much research is being done to inactivate hydatid cyst protoscoleces. This study was conducted with the aim to compare the scolicidal effect of two chemical compounds 12 and 2 on hydatid cyst protoscoleces in vitro.
Material & MethodsThe scolicidal activity of two amini-hydrox-phenylcoumarin and amini-bromo-phenylcoumarin at concentrations of 1.2, 1.5, 1.10 and 1.100 after 15, 30 and 60 minutes of incubation was tested separately and each of the experiments was repeated three times. The viability of protoscoleces was checked with 0.1% eosin dye under a light microscope. Subsequently data were analyzed using GraphPad version 5 software and two-way repeated measures ANOVA and values (P > 0.05) was considered a significant level.
FindingsThe results of this study showed that the chemical compound amini-bromophenylcoumarin at a concentration of 1.10 destroyed 100% of protoscoleces after 60 minutes of exposure compared to the control group, but amini-hydroxophenyl-coumarin, at a concentration of 1.100 could destroy 98% of protoscolecia after 60 minutes of exposure.
Discussion & ConclusionThe results of the present study showed that amini-bromophenylcoumarin had stronger protoscolicidal effects than amini-hydroxophenyl-coumarin. However, further studies and in vivo studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of these chemical compounds.
Keywords: Coumarin Derivatives, Hydatid cyst, In vitro, Protoscolicidal -
Background
Surgery is the main treatment for hydatid cyst disease, during which the spillage of live protoscoleces is a major cause of hydatidosis recurrence. Scolicidal agents are used to prevent this problem. However, they may have some unpleasant side effects.
ObjectivesThis study assessed the scolicidal effects of Alhagi maurorum hydroalcoholic extract on developing secondary cysts in BALB/c mice infected with Echinococcus granulosus parasites.
MethodsBALB/c mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with viable protoscoleces. One month after the infection, the mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (7 per group). Group 1 (control group) was orally administered PBS daily. Group 2 was orally administered albendazole daily (150 mg/kg). Group 3 was orally administered Alhagi maurorum hydroalcoholic extract daily (500 mg/kg). Group 4 was orally administered Alhagi maurorum hydroalcoholic extract daily (250 mg/kg). After 6 weeks of treatment, the weight (g), size (mm), number, and fertility of hydatid cysts were measured after the euthanasia and necropsy of all mice.
ResultsThe weight (g), size (mm), and the number of cysts was significantly lower in the groups receiving 500 mg/kg Alhagi maurorum hydroalcoholic extract, 250 mg/kg Alhagi maurorum hydroalcoholic extract, and 150 mg/kg albendazole than in the control group (P < 0.05). The fertility percentage of hydatid cysts did not show a significant difference between the four groups (P > 0.05). Moreover, there were no statistically significant differences in the parasitological parameters between the three groups: Alhagi maurorum hydroalcoholic extract 500 mg/kg, Alhagi maurorum hydroalcoholic extract 250 mg/kg, and albendazole 150 mg/kg (P > 0.05).
ConclusionsThe findings demonstrated the effect of Alhagi maurorum hydroalcoholic extract against protoscoleces in BALB/c mice. However, cellular and molecular research should be carried out to gain a deeper understanding of the various effects of this extract on hydatid cysts.
Keywords: Alhagi maurorum, BALB, c Mice, Echinococcus granulosus, Hydatid Cyst -
Background
Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by the larval stage of the Echinococcus granulosus, is a zoonotic disease and has a global distribution. Today, herbal compounds are highly regarded in order to inactivate hydatid cyst protoscoleces. This study aimed to compare the scolicidal activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Pulicaria gnaphalodes and Alhagi maurorum against hydatid cyst protoscoleces in vitro.
MethodsThe scolicidal activity of P. gnaphalodes and A. maurorum extracts were evaluated at 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/mL concentrations following 15, 30, and 60 minutes of exposure. Then, they were compared with Albendazole (5 g/100 mL) as positive control and distilled water as negative one in similar doses. The viability of protoscoleces was confirmed with a 0.1% eosin stain test under a light microscope. The experiments were performed twice, and data were analyzed by GraphPad software version 5.0.
ResultsThe results of this study indicated that P. gnaphalodes extract killed 100% of the protoscoleces at a concentration of 200 mg/mL after 30 minutes of exposure, but the hydroalcoholic extract of A. maurorum at the same concentration and time could kill 90% of protoscoleces.
ConclusionThe findings of the present study confirmed that P. gnaphalodes had a strong scolicidal effect; however; in vivo studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of P. gnaphalodes plant.
Keywords: Hydatid cyst, Scolicidal, Pulicaria gnaphalodes, Alhagi maurorum, In vitro -
Background
Hydatid disease is a parasitic infection that occurs primarily in Mediterranean countries. Skeletal and muscular involvement is a rare feature of hydatid disease, making the diagnosis of this condition difficult, especially in children.
Case presentationIn this case report, a hydatid cyst in the medial compartment of the right thigh was presented in a 9-year-old girl who referred to the emergency department with a bump and pain in the area.
ConclusionIt is important to pay attention to the rare localization of hydatid cysts in endemic areas, particularly in children.
Keywords: Case report, Children, Hydatid cyst, Rare sites -
Hydatidosis is one of the most important parasitic and zoonotic endemic infections caused by the larvae of cestode Echinococcus granulosus. Co-infection of hydatid cyst with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been previously reported. The mortality rate of hydatidosis is reported to be 2-4% and the liver and lungs are the two most commonly involved organs, respectively. In the present study, we have reported two recovered pulmonary hydatidosis patients who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 after thoracotomy in the hospital. In general, current cases suggest that patients with thoracic surgery are more likely to develop severe infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2). The patients presented COVID-19 symptoms shortly after thoracotomy and their viral tests were confirmed with the positive result of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR. In conclusion, possible differential diagnoses should be considered in similar cases and adequate attention should be paid to intraoperative and postoperative care.
Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Hydatid Cyst, Thoracotomy, Hydatidosis, Case Report
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