جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « infantile colic » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Infantile colic is a prevalent issue within the first three months of life. Research indicates that children of mothers who suffer from migraines are more than twice as likely to experience colic.

The aim of this study was to explore the association between a history of maternal migraines and the occurrence of infantile colic.

A case-control study involving 154 infants who visited the Rafsanjan Pediatric Clinic in 2022 was conducted. The participants were selected through convenience sampling and categorized into two groups based on the Wessel criteria for colic: Infants with colic (n = 77) and those without (n = 77), ensuring they were matched for age and sex. Data were collected using a questionnaire designed by the researchers, which gathered information on the mother and infant’s age, the infant’s sex, number of pregnancies, gestational age, birth weight, method of feeding, paternal history of migraines, and maternal fulfillment of the International Headache Society’s migraine criteria.

The analysis revealed that a history of maternal migraines was significantly more common in infants with colic than in the control group (Odds Ratio [OR]=6.17, P < 0.001). Further, multivariable logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for potential confounders, indicated that a maternal history of migraines increased the likelihood of infantile colic fivefold (OR = 5.008, 95% confidence interval: 2.258 to 11.104, P < 0.001).

This study confirms a significant association between maternal migraines and infantile colic, suggesting that maternal migraines could be a risk factor for colic in infants.

 Infantile colic (IC) imposes multifactorial problems on the parents, and appropriate interventions are needed to alleviate the care burden. 
 This study aimed to assess the effects of an educational, supportive, and follow-up IC program on the parents' caregiver burden (CB). 
 This randomized controlled trial was conducted with 64 parents whose infants suffered from IC. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 32) and a control group (n = 32). The intervention group received a blended educational, supportive, and follow-up intervention for 2 weeks. The control group received routine care. Caregiver burden was assessed on three occasions, before, immediately after, and 1 month after the intervention, using the Zarit Burden Scale. Data were analyzed through repeated-measures analysis of variance, independent-samples t-test, Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and Mann–Whitney U tests. 
 There was a significant difference between the mean scores of CB in the two groups measured immediately and 1 month after the interventions (P < 0.001). The mean score of CB was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group after the intervention (P < 0.05). 
 The blended educational, supportive, and follow-up program could help alleviate parental care burden. Implementing such a program is recommended to reduce CB and associated problems among parents.

Probiotics were first proposed by Metchnikoff as contributing factors to health. These living microorganisms, which mainly belong to the microflora bacteria of the gastrointestinal tract, can have beneficial effects on human health if consumed in moderation. The most studied probiotics are lactic acid bacteria, which include Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria. The present study is an overview of some studies conducted on the effects of using probiotics and their possible patterns in the prevention or reduction of certain human diseases and disorders. The available data suggest that probiotics can play a role in improving constipation and liver enzymes level and functions, and have significant effects on rooting and improving the symptoms of Helicobacter pylori. It was concluded that probiotics have positive effects in metabolic syndrome treatment, preventing gestational diabetes, and improving oral health. Since many probiotics are microorganisms familiar to the gastrointestinal tract, if consumed in moderation, there are no side effects for the host. Using them as complementary therapies for some diseases related to the gastrointestinal tract microflora bacteria can be an effective and low-cost approach to alleviating the annoying symptoms of such diseases.

Infantile colic is observed in healthy infants less than three months of age. Excessive crying in these infants leads to fatigue and maternal anxiety. The present study aimed to compare the effect of abdominal massage and Hugo point acupressure on the symptoms of infantile colic. In this clinical trial study, 144 infants were selected via convenience sampling and randomly assigned to three groups of abdominal massage, Hugo point acupressure, and control. The infants in two groups of abdominal massage and Hugo point acupressure received the interventions three times in the evening, while the control group only underwent the routine training. The duration of colicky crying and sleep duration per 24 hours was recorded for four weeks. At the end of four weeks, the Infant Colic Scale (ICS) was completed in three groups. Three groups were compared using the Wilcoxon test. The mean difference scores after the intervention in comparison with that before the intervention were obtained at -6.62±4.84, -3.55±3.12, and -3.92±4.02 in Hugo point acupressure, abdominal massage, and control groups, respectively. This difference was statistically significant (P<.05). The three groups of Hugo point acupressure, abdominal massage, and control significantly differ in terms of mean scores of sleep time in four weeks (P<001). There was a significant difference between the mean scores of crying duration in the second, third, and fourth weeks (P <0.001).Implications for Practice: Hugo point acupressure had a more significant effect on the alleviation of colic pain, as compared to abdominal massage and changing position. Furthermore, acupressure shortened the duration of crying and prolonged sleep. The development of acupressure training programs for mothers is recommended as a simple method for the treatment of infantile colic.

Infantile colic (IC) (a frequent reason for infantile referral to pediatricians) is a common indiscoverable problem posing concerns for parents. Varieties of theories for the etiology of IC have been raised, and different therapeutic approaches have been recommended in this regard. This study aimed to assess and compare the efficiency of dimethicone versus symbiotic in the treatment of IC.
This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 149 infants with the diagnosis of IC based on the Wessel criteria from 2017 to 2018. The study population was randomly divided into two groups of Dimethicone (n=73) (five drops of dimethicone, three times a day for three weeks) and Symbiotic (n=76) (five daily drops of symbiotic for three weeks). Utilized symbiotic contained fructooligosacharide periodic and probiotic of 109CFU of Bifidobacterium lactis. Duration of an infant crying per day, numbers of crying per day, sleep duration per day, and number of defecation per day were obtained prior to the study and at the end of each week.
There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding age, gender, and values of breastfeeding (P>0.05). Crying duration, numbers of crying, and sleep duration per day improved significantly in the dimethicone group (P<0.05) within the time as the symbiotic-treated group (P<0.05); however, the comparison of the two groups for IC treatment revealed no statistical differences (P>0.05).
The findings of the current study presented that dimethicone and symbiotic could successfully improve IC symptoms regarding crying times, as well as the duration and sleeping time per day. Comparison of these two remedies for IC treatment revealed no significant differences.

Infantile colic is a common condition among neonates; however, its etiology is not fully identified. Thisstudy aimed to evaluate this complication and search for treatments by investigating the experiences of Iranianphysicians.

In this review study, the infantile colic was initially studied in modern medicine. To this end, an electronicsearch was performed in databases, such as Web of Science, Medline (via PubMed), Scopus, EBASE, UpToDate(International databases), Magiran, SID, Irandoc, IranMedex (National databases), and the Google Scholar searchengines. Subsequently, this complication was investigated in the original references of Persian medicine. In this regard,the words related to the subject matter of the research were taken from the original books of Iranian medicine,including Al-Mansouri Fi Al-Tibb, Canon, Kholasatol Hekmah, and Kholasat Al-Tajarob.

The results of this study indicated that factors, such as maternal mood during pregnancy, inappropriatematernal nutrition, gastrointestinal problems, and infantile cerebral problems are some of the causes that have beenmentioned regarding infantile colic in modern and Persian medicine. Other causes, such as spinal nerve stimulation,insomnia, and sleep apnea are also raised in Persian medicine. Almost all of these causes are due to poor digestion ofmilk and pneuma in the gastrointestinal tract. Iranian physicians have considered solutions, such as massage withspecial oils, nutrition modification, and the use of hypnotics to reduce pneuma production in the gastrointestinal tractas well as its side effects. The application of these recommendations together can help better treat infantile colic. Inthis regard, the data were categorized by reviewing the works of Iranian scholars, as well as combining modernmedical findings and Iranian experience. Accordingly, a new definition of colic can be provided and some newtreatments are added for infantile colic based on modern and traditional medicine

Since the positive role of some measures, such as massage and swaddling in modern medicine isconfirmed, the investigation and recommendations of Iranian physicians in the field of infantile colic seem to be able tocompensate for the gap in identification, prevention, and treatment of this complication.

The colicky infants generally present around 6–8 weeks postpartum then then is suddenly relieved by 3-4 months. A few studies assessed the effect of fennel on colicky infants. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess whether fennel is effective on infantile colic.

Two independent authors separately searched the articles on the national (Irandoc, Magiran, Medlib, SID, and Barakatkns), and the international databases (Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochran Central Register of Controlled Trials) without any time limitation since the inception to August 2019. The keywords of the search were: (Colic) AND (Foeniculum OR Fennel OR Foeniculum vulgare) AND (Infant OR Children OR Baby).

Four studies were conducted to assess the impact of fennel on the infantile colic. A Foeniculum Vulgarein in combination with other herbal medicines was found to be more effective than control group on crying time on infantile colic (SMD= O.708; 95% CI= -0.951 to -0.465; P<0.001). Heterogeneity was 0% and non-significant. According to one study, in the 3rd and 7th days of the treatment in comparison with the previous times, both the fennel group (P = 0.004, P=0.05, respectively), and the gripe water group (P = 0.037, P=0.002, respectively) indicate the statistically significant difference. Moreover, none of the infants cried for more than 2 hours in the two groups. After treatment, an insignificant difference between the two groups (fennel and gripe water groups) was observed.

Fennel alone or in combination with other herbal medicine is effective on infantile colic. Concerning the high heterogeneity, there is a need of future trials to reach a certain conclusion.

The infantile colic is one of the most common complaints in the infancy; however, limited therapeutic approaches are described in the literature. Recently probiotics have been suggested as a potential strategy in the treatment of infantile colic. We conducted this study to investigate the efficacy of probiotics in relieving colic symptoms in Iranian infants. This double-blind clinical trial was performed among 70 infants aged 3 to 16 weeks with the presumed diagnosis of infantile colic according to Wessel criteria who were breastfed or formula fed. They were assigned at random to receive Pedilact® (Bifidobacterium infantis, Lactobacillus reuteri, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus) (N=33) or placebo (N=32). Demographic data were recorded in the questionnaires at the beginning of the study. The number of daily episodes of crying and fussiness, number of weekly crying days, and duration of crying were separately analyzed on 7, 21, and 30th  days of investigation. Baseline demographic data showed no statistically significant difference between intervention and placebo groups. Infants given Pedilact® showed a significant reduction in daily episodes of crying, duration of crying, and the weekly number of crying days at the end of the treatment period compared with those receiving placebo (P=0.000). On 21th day of the study, daily episodes of fuss and crying (P=0.032) and duration of crying reduced significantly in the intervention group in comparison to the placebo group (P=0.000). Administration of Pedilact® drop significantly improved colic symptoms by reducing crying and fussing times in breastfed or formula fed in Iranian infants with colic.

Baby colic is one of the most common digestive problems in infants. Due to its several and unknown causes, colic treatment depends on the parent's individual and social education and support. This study aimed to determine the effect of mothers' educational supportive care program on the pain intensity and crying caused by colic in infants aged 1-5 months. This study was conducted based on a randomized controlled clinical trial. This study included 88 infants with colic who were referred to a specialized pediatric clinic at a public hospital in eastern Iran. The patients were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. The educational supportive care program was implemented for eight days and the infant crying duration and frequency were recorded each day. On the other hand, the control group received the clinic routine care. Subsequently, the data were analyzed in SPSS software (Version 21). The two groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic variables (P<0.05). According to the results of the paired t-test, the infant pain intensity in the intervention and control groups was 0.7±1.7 and 0.7±1.7, respectively (P<0.001). Moreover, the duration of the crying caused by colic pain based on the Wilcoxon test was 6.2±22.8 and 6.2±8.9 min in the intervention and control groups, respectively (P<0.001). Implications for Practice: Individual education and provision of an educational supportive care program can affect infants' pain and cry. Therefore, it is suggested that further studies provide a group and peer educational supportive care program.

High stress levels in the parents of infants with colic have negative impacts on their quality of life. Maternal concerns with infants’ needs can be reduced through social support. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between social support and perceived stress in the mothers of infants with colic. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 200 mothers of infants with colic referred to 14 healthcare centers affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences in year 2017. A convenience sampling method was used. Demographic data form, Cohen perceived stress and Vaux’s perceived social support questionnaires were used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between social support and perceived stress (r = 0.31, P = 0.001). In other words, with increase in social support, perceived stress would be increased. However, the support of the spouse in the form of childcare could reduce perceived stress in the mother (P = 0.001). The results of this study showed that with increase in social support, perceived stress in the mothers of infants with colic also would be increased. However, spousal assistant in childcare is accompanied by a reduction in perceived stress in mothers.

There is limited knowledge on the potential applicability of fecal calprotectin (f-CP) as an inflammatory screening parameter in infantile colic (IC). This study aimed to evaluate f-CP in neonates with IC as a useful diagnostic indicator regarding this condition. The present study was conducted on 100 cases, including 50 newborns with IC and 50 non-colicky neonates. The diagnosis of IC was fulfilled by the Wessel Criteria. The level of f-CP was determined by a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (Calprotectin ELISA, EuroImmun, Germany). The statistical analysis was performed in SPSS software (version 19). Out of 100 neonates, 57 cases were male and 43 subjects were female. The age spectrum ranged from 19-90 days (40.4±15.9). Colicky newborns were slightly younger (P=0.06) with higher birth weight compared to the infants without colic (P<0.0001). The level of f-CP was significantly higher in colicky neonates (113.7±98.2 µg/g) than non-colicky cases (71.4±45.5 µg/g) (P=0.007). Overall, 37%, 30%, 26%, and 7% of the newborns showed f-CP levels<50, 50-100, 100-200, and >200 µg/g, respectively. There was a significant difference regarding the distribution of these f-CP categories between neonates with IC and the cases without IC (P=0.02). There were no significant correlations between the f-CP and newborn age, pregnancy age, present or birth weights, and number of pregnancies. Receiver operating characteristic analysis rendered an area under the curve of 0.642 (95% CI: 0.534-0.748) (P=0.01). At the cut-off value of 74 µg/g, f-CP showed sensitivity of 60% and specificity of 59% for the detection of IC. The results of this study revealed that the f-CP might be useful in the diagnosis of the IC

Excessive crying is a self-limiting problem and disappears in a few weeks, however, it can be irritating for the parents, leading to maternal depression or exhaustion, and stress in the parents. The study evaluated the effect of lavender oil inhalation on duration of daily crying in the infants who suffered infantile colic.
In this double blind randomized clinical trial, the main inclusion criteria were: healthy infants, no consumption of any drugs for infantile colic, healthy mothers, having one crying episode ≥ 2 hours per day (prolonged crying).
The intervention group received inhalation of lavender oil and the control group received sweet almond oil for seven days. Duration of crying in the four parts of a day (morning, afternoon, evening, and night) was gathered by phone call. Also, maternal mood score was assessed at baseline and 7th day of intervention by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression scale.
At baseline, the two groups were not different in relation to infant’s crying duration. However, they were significantly different after intervention in all seven days of the study (p The results suggest that a 1% concentration of the lavender oil can alleviate the colic symptoms and results in maternal mood improvement.

BackgroundInfantile colic (IC) is a common painful disorder within early months of life. There is no definitive therapeutics for IC. In present study aimed to assess pain-relieving potential of glucose administration in infantile colic.
Materials and MethodsThis was a double blinded randomized clinical trial performed during May 2015-June 2017 in pediatric ward of Amir-Al-Momenin Hospital, Zabol city, Iran. Overall, 72 infants were randomly assigned to either glucose or simethicone groups (36 infants per group). Treatments were continued for 28 days with either 25% or 30% glucose solution and 2.5 mg/kg simethicone. Outcomes were assessed at the end of the intervention (28 days). Statistical analysis was done in SPSS version 22.0.
ResultsMales and females constituted 20 (55.5%), and 16 (45.5%) in glucose administrated, and 23 (63.8%) and 13 (36.2%, P=0.4) in simethicone group respectively. The mean age (days) was 19.1±3.8 and 20.2±4.9 for glucose and simethicone administrated groups, respectively (P=0.2). The crying times per day significantly reduced in both groups (mean reduction in crying times of 3.7±2.1, and 6.3±2.1 hours in glucose and simethicone groups, respectively). Moreover, 25% and 44.4% of infants in glucose and simethicone groups achieved ≥ 50% reduction in crying time, respectively (P=0.06). According to the glucose dose, infants who received 30% glucose solution significantly revealed higher ratio of ≥ 50% reduction in crying time (47.3%) than those received 25% glucose solution in which no cases fulfilled this outcome (PConclusionGlucose may be a useful candidate to be considered as a pain-relieving agent in infantile colic.

Infantile colic is defined as episodes of extreme and excessive crying due to unknown causes. Various results have been reported regarding the management of colic with probiotics in terms of effectiveness, with no side effects or health risks in the infants. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of probiotics on the infants with colic using the quadratic inference functions (QIF).
This single-blind, randomized, clinical trial was conducted on 98 infants admitted to the pediatric gastroenterology clinic of Bu Ali Sina Hospital in Sari, Iran. The neonates were diagnosed with infantile colic by a pediatric gastroenterologist. Patients were randomly divided into two groups (49 subjects per each). In the control group, the infants received placebo, and in the case group, the neonates were administrated with BioGaia probiotic oral drops for 21 days. The QIF method was fitted to analyze the influential factors in the improvement of infantile colic.
According to the QIF results in data analysis, mean duration of crying had a significant difference between the infants in the case and control groups (P According to the results of longitudinal data analysis, use of probiotics in the evolving gut could reduce infantile colic and improve the quality of life in the studied neonates

The prevalence of infantile colic is high, but there is no safe and effective conventional treatment. Acupuncture is a Chinese method of complementary medicine, and its therapeutic effects have been investigated in colic pain, crying out, fecal excretion, anxiety, relaxation and sleep duration. The use of acupuncture in infantile colic has increased despite weak evidence. The aim of this paper was to review the literature about safety and efficiency of acupuncture in infantile colic.
Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central, and Scopus were searched with keywords “infantile colic”, and “acupuncture”, and a manual search of references was also performed in articles. Randomized controlled trial (RCT) and case reports were included in this review.
Seven of the 36 studies evaluated the effects of acupuncture in infantile colic. Five RCT, one case reports and one personal communication with acupuncturists were evaluated in our studys.
Several studies have investigated the effects of acupuncture in infantile colic and found beneficial results. We found evidences of some efficacy and low risk associated with acupuncture in pediatrics. To improve further acupuncture therapy, further research is required to investigate the effects of acupuncture on infantile colic by using experimental and control groups.

Colic is a common and annoying problem in infancy whose etiology is not well understood. Traditional Iranian Medicine (TIM) scientists know flatulent food effective in creating this disorder. Since the reduction or withdrawal of this kind of food in mother’s and infant’s nutrition can be effective in preventing flatulence, this study aims to study and identify flatulent foods and the mechanism of flatulence in traditional and modern medicine. The search was conducted using the following keywords: "flatulent", "flatulence", "colic" and "bowel sound (Gharagher)" in six pharmacopeias of Traditional Iranian Medicine.
Then, the scientific name of foodstuff was determined and the materias were scored based on the repetition in one or more traditional medicine book. Finally, by searching electronic resources, etiology and the mechanism of flatulence were evaluated for some of these materias. A total of 90 flatulent materias were found. Apples, cucumbers, pears, wheat, turnips and rice are the most flatulent plant materias. Etiology of flatulence in modern medicine is the gas production caused by the fermentation of the remaining food and carbohydrates by colon bacteria while in traditional medicine texts, flatulence occurs due to dysfunction in digestion performance which may be due to the type of the food.
As a conclusion, almost all foods that were introduced as flatulent in traditional medicine are known as flatulence generators in modern medicine resources, as well. Identification of these foods can help to reduce infantile colic.

Parents having a baby with infantile colic experienced thoughts and emotions such as hopelessness, fatigue and concern. This study presents a review to provide better insights into the life of parents living with a colicky infant. The aimed of this meta-synthesis was to analyze and synthesize findings from qualitative studies about the experiences of parents of colicky infants.
This meta-synthesis follows the guidelines of Sandeowski and Barroso and was designed to synthesize findings from previous qualitative studies. The following biomedical archives were searched: PubMED, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane library, ProQuest. Recently published articles and books on the experiences of parents living with a colicky infant were reviewed. The searches covered the years from 2000 to 2016 and found three studies, which fulfilled the inclusion criteria.
The findings of all studies selected were categorized into the themes of "eclipse of normal life" and "relief through parental adaptation". The findings reveal that the experiences of parents living with a colicky infant are important for constructing an insightful child care protocol and improving interpersonal interactions in the family.
The pathic or non-diagnostic knowledge that emerged from this qualitative review may be helpful for improving treatment of colicky infants and a provide relief for their parents.