جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « itching » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Introsuction:

 Itching is one of the main side effects of intrathecal opioids administration. In the present study, prevalence of itching following intrathecal fentanyl administration and its related factors have been investigated in adult patients who were candidates for lower extremity surgeries.

320 patients had participated in the study. Spinal anesthesia was done in a standard setting with a combination of bupivacaine and fentanyl. After confirming and stabilizing block height patients were provided sedation with 1-2mg intravenous midazolam. A nurse anesthetist then collected data regarding pruritis and its severity if applicable.

Itching was reported in 84 patients (27%) with a mean severity score of 4.94. Of the 84 patients who reported pruritus, 70 were in need of treatment. The severity of itching was significantly higher in men than in women (P=0.029). None of the indicators of severity and prevalence of itching had a significant relationship with the BMI of the patients (P>0.05). The average age of patients in whom itching was reported was significantly lower than the age of other patients (P=0.044).

Our results showed that the intensity of itching is significantly higher in men. Moreover, the incidence of itching was also higher in younger patients.

Burns is one of the most severe forms of trauma that cause damage to the skin and subcutaneous tissues in different ways with different severity and extent. Effective reduction of itching symptoms after burns is a major problem in rehabilitating all burn patients. However, although there are many potential treatments for pruritus, there is still no consensus on the best treatment. This study was conducted to investigate and compare the effects of cetirizine, gabapentin, and coconut oil in reducing skin itching after burn wound healing.

The present research population was selected from among the patients of Amir-Al-Momenin burn hospital affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences who suffered from mild to severe burns that are resistant to treatment and sometimes have bleeding. In this study, after the approval of the ethical committee of the University Research Council and the consent of the patients, 150 people were selected by random sampling. To collect data from the studied sample, the questionnaire of Khars Yusipovich et al. (2001) was used. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using t-correlated and covariance analysis and with the help of SPSS.

The average and standard deviation of the itchiness of the burn site before the cetirizine drug is 4.32 and 0.74. Also, the average and standard deviation of the itchiness of the burn site after the cetirizine drug is equal to 3.04 and 1.57. The mean and standard deviation of the itchiness of the burn site before the gabapentin drug are equal to 4.98 and 0.82. Also, the average and standard deviation of the itchiness of the burn site after the gabapentin drug is equal to 1.66 and 0.47. The average and standard deviation of the itchiness of the burn site before coconut oil is equal to 4.40 and 1.76. Also, the mean and standard deviation of the itchiness of the burn site after coconut oil is equal to 1.60 and 0.49. The intensity of itching was measured before and after the administration of cetirizine, gabapentin, and coconut oil, and there was a significant difference between all three groups.

This study showed that all three drugs, cetirizine, gabapentin, and coconut oil, reduce itching after burns and coconut oil showed the greatest effect, followed by gabapentin and finally cetirizine. The long-term follow-up of patients after discharge from the hospital showed that after transplant surgery, itching was less and that patients who lived in cold areas experienced less itching after burns.

Cataracts are the leading diseases that cause blindness. Cataracts can be treated with surgery. Pain, itching, burning, and a foreign body sensation in the eye are common ocular complaints of patients in recovery. In this study, we compared the effect of Ketorolac eye drops and naphazoline antazoline eye drops on reducing complaints of surgery.

This randomized clinical trial study was performed from February 2016 to March 2017 on patients who were candidates for cataract surgery at Feyz University Hospital in Isfahan, Iran.  In this study, 54 patients were enrolled in two groups receiving Ketorolac eye drops and naphazoline antazoline (NA) eye drops. After the operation, patients' ocular complaints such as burning, itching, pain, and severity were evaluated every 15 minutes in recovery and every half hour in the ward until discharge from the hospital.

In this study, 54 patients in two groups of 27 were studied. In the post-anesthesia care unit, the burning sensation in the naphazoline-antazoline group was significantly lower than in the ketorolac group (P=0.02). Patients in the NA group had less foreign body sensation in the eye in recovery (P=0.97) and the ward (P<0.001) than in the ketorolac group. Mean Pain intensity in the recovery unit (P=0.39) and ward unit in the ketorolac group were less than NA (P<0.001). In the recovery unit in the NA group, the eye-burning sensation was significantly lower than in the ketorolac group. The foreign body sensation in the NA group was less than the ketorolac group but there was no significant difference between the two groups. In the NA group, itching of the eyes was less than in the ketorolac group.

It can be concluded that ketorolac drops have been more effective in reducing post-operative eye pain than NA and NA drops have been more effective in reducing burning, itching and foreign body sensation in the eyes than Ketorolac.

Pruritus is a common disruptive symptom in hemodialysis patients and those with chronic renal failure. Although pharmacological treatments could partially reduce pruritus in hemodialysis patients, the definitive treatment remains challenging in these patients. Several studies have been published in this regard, while no reviews have been focused on these articles. The present study aimed to review the topical treatments for pruritus.

This review study was conducted on the Persian and English articles published during 1987-2018 via searching in databases such as SID, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Barakat Knowledge Network System, Elsevier, Springer, Web of Science, Magiran, HerbMed, and Biomed Central. In total, 217 articles were retrieved, and 63 articles were initially selected after screening the titles, and 12 articles were eliminated after reviewing the abstract. Among the remaining articles (n=51), the original texts were assessed, and 20 studies were excluded due to irrelevance to the research subject. Finally, 31 articles were reviewed using the Jadad checklist, and 25 articles had good mean (scores above 3), which were included in the study.

The most effective topical treatments reported for hemodialysis patients include the use of emulsions, gels, ointments, creams, oil, and lotions. A review of these studies indicated that ointment is most effective in relieving itching, followed by creams, gels, oils, and lotions, and emulsions, which are also helpful in reducing itching in hemodialysis patients.

According to the results, the use of topical remedies (e.g., herbal oils, gels, ointments, creams, emulsions, and lotions) could be effective in the treatment of itching in hemodialysis patients, and these methods are highly recommended in this regard.

Pruritus is one of the most common problems that is seen separately or in combination with various diseases and has been studied in various medical schools. Its various aspects including definition, pathogenesis, types and treatments have been elaborated and tailored to the basics of each medical perspective. This study investigates the pruritus from modern and Persian medicine perspective.This study is a library review focusing on the pruritus. Initially related keywords include pruritus, itching, hekka, hives and wheal was searched among the prestigious scientific and reference textbooks, journals and sites of modern and Persian medicine such as Rook's textbook of dermatology, Habif Clinical dermatology, Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb, Zakhireh Kharazmshahi, Teb-e-Akbari, Khulasah al-Hikmah, Kamel al-Sana'a al-Tebbiya, Exir-e A'zam, Tohfe Al-Momenin and Makhzan-al-Advie. Then the necessary material was collected and classified and finally the present article was compiled.In both medical schools, the charecteristics and function of the skin are described initially, then the causes and mechanisms of pruritus are defined and explained. To facilitate understanding and presenting the subject, appropriate classificationare presented for each view. Also, for the pruritus treatment, appropriate recommendations have been put forward for each patient or condition.Generally, there is not much difference between the two views, but modern medicine is going more specifically through details. While the Persian medicine discusses more comprehensively. The treatment basis in Persian medicine is based on different individual and environmental conditions.

Pruritus is one of the most common problems in patients with kidney failure. 60-80% of dialysis patients complain of itchy skin for which different therapies have been recommended. Medicinal plants compose a group of these therapies. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aloe Vera gel on pruritus in hemodialysis patients. This clinical trial was conducted on 60 hemodialysis patients with moderate and severe uremic pruritus in the hospitals affiliated to Arak University of Medical Sciences. The written consent forms were obtained from the patients. The participants were then randomly divided into two groups of 30. The intervention group was treated with Aloe Vera gel twice a day for one month. The control group did not receive any treatment. The patients in both groups recorded their itching twice a day through a visual analog scale. The data before and after the treatment were compared. The data were analyzed by paired t-test and independent t-test through SPSS 17. The mean pruritus before and after the intervention in the group treated by Aloe Vera gel was 5.53 ± 1.73 and 2.03 ± 1.12, respectively (p = 0.001). In the control group, it was 5.96 ± 1.03 and 5.9 ± 0.75 (p = 0.423). Since many drugs used to treat pruritus in dialysis patients are expensive and cause problems such as allergies and drug resistance, it is recommended that these patients use Aloe Vera gel to control their itchy skin condition.

Chronic itching reduces the quality of life of patients undergoing hemodialysis. This study was done to determine the effect of chronic itching on the quality of life of patients under hemodialysis in north of Iran. In this descriptive-analytical study, 111 patients with mean age of 58.36±12.7 years were randomly selected from hemodialysis centers of Golestan province from May to December 2017. Demographic data, quality of life (Itchy QOL questionnaire), Xerosis, pruritus intensity (Balaskas 1998), and laboratory tests including calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, hemoglobin and hematocrit were evaluated. The mean score of itching severity and overall quality of life was 29.27±7.46 and 41.4±10.44, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the severity of itching and the overall score of patients' quality of life (P<0.05). Correlation between severity of pruritus with symptom dimension, functional dimension and emotional dimension was significant (P<0.05). There was a significant correlation between severity of itching and Xerosis and serum calcium level (P<0.05). There was a significant correlation between Xerosis and calcium level with increased itching (P<0.05). Itching reduced the quality of life in hemodialysis patients in north of Iran.

Itching is a mental feeling that elicits desire to scratch and results from stimulation of itch, pain or palpation receptors in the skin. In Iranian medicine, itching is referred as hekka. Several factors can cause this symptom. Various drugs are used to treat itching. They are sometimes costly and not readily available and have side effects. Given the time-consuming and cost-effective processes for the discovery of effective drugs, new strategies are needed to reduce processes time and costs. One of these strategies could be the use of previous experiences on medicinal plants and spices used in traditional medicine schools.
In this review, we searched the keyword "itching, pruritus" in three reference books of pharmacology of Iranian medicine, including The Canon of Medicine (Al-Qanon fi al-Tibb), Tohfe Momenin, and Makhzan- Al' Advieh and ened up with a list of 60 multifaceted plants effective in improvement of pruritus. The efficacy of each of them was categorized based of available evidence. Therefore, it is recommended to use the rich experience of Iranian traditional medicine in the production of new drugs for pruritus.

Considering the prevalence of sunburn and its complications and the importance of preventing it, we conducted a study to compare a brand sunscreen with SPF = 60 (cream A) and a domestic sunscreen with SPF = 50 (cream B) in hikers.
The clinical trial was carried out on 50 participants in shiraz. 0.4 ml of the cream A was applied to one side of face and the same amount of cream B was applied to other side as control. The participants were exposed to the sun for 5 hours. The assessment was performed 3 hours after the onset by a dermatologist and 24 hours later by the participants themselves based on erythema, burning, itching and satisfaction with the products. The data were analyzed using McNemar and chi-square tests.
Cream B in 82.2% and A in 76.2% of cases prevented sunburn. Also, the participant's satisfaction was 95% and 82% for using B and A creams, respectively. Sunscreen A and B did not show significant difference in prevention of sunburn, but side effects such as burning and itching were observed more in cream A and paricipants satifaction was more with cream B.
Overall cream B had less side effects and participants were more satisfied with it.

Although intraspinal opioid has been presented to be effective in providing analgesia after cesarean delivery, pruritus as a side-effect remains a common cause of dissatisfaction. We undertook a study to assess the efficacy of ondansetron for treatment or prophylaxis of intrathecal fentanyl-induced pruritus. The role of ondansetron has been studied in preventing pruritus but the results have been contradictory.
We randomized 110 patients undergoing elective cesarean section using spinal anesthesia with Marcaine 10 mg plus fentanyl 25 µg and into a double-blinded trial to receive ondansetron 4 mg (study group) or placebo (control or placebo group) after clamping of umbilical cord. Intra and post-operative itching, nausea and vomiting, and shivering in the recovery room were registered.
Forty percent of the patients in the placebo group and 23.6% in the ondansetron group had itching intraoperative (P=0.04). The incidence of post-operative itching was 38.2%, 21.8% in placebo and ondansetron groups, respectively (P=0.04). The patients reported less intra and post-operative nausea and vomiting in the ondansetron group than in the placebo group (P=0.01). There was no difference in the incidence of shivering between two groups.
This study showed that the prophylactic ondansetron reduced itching, nausea and vomiting intra and postoperative caused by intrathecal fentanyl with marcaine

Psoriasis is a chronic disease that causes deformity and disability in patients. There is little information about the impact of psychological interventions upon this disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of group cognitive behavioral therapy upon physical factors such as severity and level of disease and extent of itching، and mental health of psoriasis patients. This research was conducted as a semi-experimental study using pre-test and post-test with a control group and the follow-up period. Twenty Psoriasis patients were allocated into experimental and control groups. The group cognitive behavioral therapy was administered to 10 psoriasis patients allocated into the experimental group for 12 sessions. The members of both groups filled in the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) for the assessment of severity of psoriasis، general health questionnaire (GHQ)، and the Quality of life in patients with pruritus (ItchyQoL) questionnaires. The results indicated that the group cognitive-behavioral therapy did not have any impact upon the improvement of physical symptoms (severity and level of disease and extent of itching)، but it was effective on improving the patients'' psychological status. Cognitive behavioral therapy has improved the patients'' general health. There is a significant difference between the two groups in terms of multiple covariance analysis for different aspects of general health، including anxiety and insomnia (effect size 0. 45 and P=0. 004)، depression (effect size: 0. 25 and P=0. 044)، physical symptoms (effect size 0. 28 and P=0. 033)، and social functioning (effect size 0. 41 and P=0. 003). Although، based on the results، the group cognitive behavioral therapy does not directly affect reduction of physical symptoms of psoriasis; the effectiveness of this method on patients'' psychological symptoms is considerable as a mediator in the onset، exacerbation، and relapse of the disease.