جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « kinematic » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

 People with postural malalignment such as tibiofemoral varus (TFRV) may experience movement patterns dysfunction during functional activities that are related to non-contact lower extremity injuries. Training protocols should be designed for these people to control and improve their functional dysfunctions. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of posterior X-taping (PXT) and real-time external feedback (RTF) on kinematic and electromyographic indices of the lower extremities during the single-leg squat task in individuals with TFRV.

 Electromyographic and kinematic information of the lower extremities of 24 recreational athletes with TFRV (PXT=12, RTF=12) were recorded while participants in both groups performed single-leg squat 5 times consecutively and took a 2-minute rest between two different conditions (before and after the intervention). To analyze the data, 2-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test were used at the significant level of P≤0.05.

 The present study results indicated an increase in gluteus medius muscle activity (P=0.013) in the eccentric phase and a decrease in hip adduction (P=0.001) in maximal knee flexion (P=0.034) after the intervention compared to before the intervention in the RTF group. Also, there was a reduction in external tibiofemoral rotation of the knee after the intervention compared to before intervention in maximal knee flexion (P=0.034), eccentric phase (P=0.001), and concentric phase (P=0.001) in the PXT group. In addition, there was a decreased ankle pronation after the intervention compared to before the intervention in the eccentric phase (P=0.001) and concentric (P=0.001) in the PXT group and in the eccentric phase (P=0.004) in the RTF group. Besides, there was an increased ankle abduction after the intervention compared to before the intervention in the concentric phase (P=0.001), eccentric phase (P=0.001), and maximum knee flexion (P=0.004) in the PXT group, and in the eccentric phase in the RTF group (P=0.006). Finally, there was a decrease in ankle flexion dorsiflexion at maximum knee flexion after the intervention compared to before the intervention (P=0.017) in the RTF group.

 The results of the present study showed that PXT and RTF interventions can affect the kinematic parameters of individuals with TFRV malalignment in different ways and can be used to correct immediately postural defects during the single-leg squat task.

Low Back pain is one of the most common disorders that affect people's functional ability in daily life and workplace activities, as well as their general health and quality of life This study aims to investigate the effect of eight weeks of water walking training on kinematics and trunk-pelvic coordination during walking in people with chronic back pain.In this semi-experimental with pre-post test research design, 50 subjects with chronic back pain were divided into two control (25 subjects) and experimental groups (25 subjects) based on their weight and VAS pain index, so there are no any significant differences between weight and pain. The Mean±SD of height, weight and age in the control group were 170.62±6.8, 81±6.63 and 44.74±5.92, and in the experimental group were 167.16±7.62, 78.32±8.01 and 43.66±5.32 respectively. Noraxon IMU system was used to measure the pelvis and trunk kinematic variables during walking. After that, the angular information of the pelvis and trunk was extracted and after processing the range of motion variables, coordination with continuous relative phase index and variability of coordination were calculated. After the pre-test, the subjects were exposed to eight weeks of water walking training with a frequency of three days a week, and after the training, the pelvic trunk kinematic test was taken. The control group continued their daily activities after the pre-test. For statistical analysis, the repeated measure ANOVA was used for comparison (P≤0.05).The results of this study showed that training in water within and between groups reduces the range of motion of the trunk (P=0.001). On the other hand, the results of this study showed that training in water increases the coordination between the trunk and pelvis, which indicates greater coordination between the trunk and pelvis during walking (P=0.001). Also, the results showed that the variability of coordination after training in water decreases significantly within and between groups (P=0.001).The results of this study showed that performing six weeks of water walking training at different speeds due to the features of water training such as buoyancy and flow resistance reduces the range of motion of the trunk, and this decrease in range of motion balances the movement of the trunk concerning the pelvis, and the coordination between these two segments is increased. On the other hand, the results of this study pointed to the greater stability of walking of patients with back pain after performing the exercise, which indicates that the walking pattern in high repetitions is closer to normal walking.

Anterior cruciate ligament injury is one of the most common injuries of the knee joint and prevention of this injury is of great importance. Considering that ground reaction forces are one of the load factors on the anterior cruciate ligament, Despite much research in this field to prevent ACL injury, the prevalence of this injury is still high. For example, previous studies have shown that increasing the valgus angle of the knee, decreasing the flexion angle of the knee, and decreasing the flexion angle of the hip during landing cause more damage to the anterior cruciate ligament. In fact, the common movement pattern in non-contact ACL injuries includes a decrease in knee flexion, hip flexion, and trunk flexion with an increase in knee valgus and tibial rotation. Studies have shown that the anterior shear forces are the main mechanism of load on the anterior cruciate ligament. Ground reaction force is an important kinetic parameter in the lower extremities. The ground reaction force during sports activities affects the magnitude of the anterior tibial shear force by changing the flexion-extension torques of the knee, which must be balanced with the quadriceps and hamstrings. Landing Error scoring system test is a very inexpensive tools that calculates the jump-landing technique error in a range of visible items in human movement. Given that the LESS is a test to predict anterior cruciate ligament injury, and on the other hand, the ground reaction forces that enter the knee joint as a result of landing after a jump can cause anterior cruciate ligament injury for That the results of the landing error scoring test are to predict anterior cruciate ligament injury, given that it has been proven the ground reaction forces on the knee cause anterior cruciate ligament injury to be more confident in the results of LESS test to Predict Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and how much the implementation of the LESS test based on ground reaction forces can help the athlete community in identifying individuals prone to anterior cruciate ligament injury. therefore, the purpose of this study The relationship between the kinematic parameters of the lower limb and the maximum ground reaction force during the jumping and one legged landing in football players.

The present study was a type of correlational research and sampling method was selected and available. The statistical population of this study included all male football players in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province with the age range of 17 to 23 years. Among this statistical population, based on the LESS test, the reliability was reported be good to excellent. A total of 21 subjects were selected and the criteria for exclusion from the lower extremity injury test (including knee, ankle, etc.) and any surgery in the lower extremity. The test procedure for the landing error score test was that people jumped from a 30 cm platform and landed in front of the platform at a distance of approximately 50% of their height, and then immediately performed a maximum vertical jump. 21 athletes (age:19.6±0.9 years, weight: 69.5± 6.3 kg, height 176.24± 3.44 cm) that 11 people with a high score from the LESS test is susceptible to the ACL injuries and 10 people with low scores were selected from the LESS test who were not susceptible to ACL injury. Before taking the test, each of the subjects was explained how to take the test and the project, and they all signed the consent form to take the test. To collect the maximum ground force information from a three-axis force plate (Kistler model 5*60*50 cm, made in Switzerland) which was embedded in the laboratory floor, to record and measure the ground reaction forces entered by the lower band and detect the first foot contact was used. Ground reaction force information was recorded by a force plate with a sampling frequency of 200 Hz. To perform the single-leg jump-landing test, the subject stood on two legs and performed a maximum vertical jump and landed on the dominant leg. Ground reaction force data Were registered by QTM software and These data were then transferred to Moka software (three-dimensional analysis of kinetic and kinematic motion) and the data were extracted by this software and MATLAB software was used to analyze the force data. In order to filter the raw data, the low-pass Butterworth technique with a shear frequency of 20 was used, which was determined using the residual analysis technique. All data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to investigate the data distribution and Pearson correlation test was used to investigate the relationship between the maximum ground reaction force and the landing error score. Also, hypothesis testing was performed at a significance level of 95%.

The results showed that there was a significant relationship between knee flexion, trunk flexion and plantar flexion with ground vertical reaction force and also between knee flexion and trunk flexion and plantar flexion with posterior anterior ground reaction force (p <0.05). There is a significant relationship between all cases of lower limb movement, that's mean knee flexion, trunk flexion, knee valgus, plantar flexion of the foot and the position of the foot (outward or inward foot) with the internal-external force of the ground reaction (p<0.05). That is, by reducing the knee flexion and reducing the trunk flexion and reducing the plantar flexion of the foot (landing at the first moment of impact with the sole of the foot or with the heel), the vertical force of the ground reaction on the knee increases. Also, by reducing the knee flexion and reducing the trunk flexion and reducing the plantar flexion of the foot, the anterior-posterior force of the ground reaction applied to the knee also increases. By increasing the knee flexion, decreasing the trunk flexion, increasing the knee valgus, increasing the plantar flexion of the foot and increasing the position of the foot, the internal-external force of the ground reaction to the knee increases. As can be seen in the table, most correlation with the external internal reaction force of the knee is the valgus of the knee, which increases with increasing valgus of the knee.

According to the results it can be concluded that just as the ground reaction force is one of the causes of anterior cruciate ligament injury and has a significant relationship with the landing error score, so the landing error score can predict the anterior cruciate ligament injury.

Fatigue is one of the factors that can affect different movement patterns and change its nature biomechanically. Since fatigue is one of the essential issues in the study of various movements and the possibility of injury incidents, the study aimed to review the studies on effects of fatigue on the biomechanical parameters and the incidence of injury in the selected movements of healthy people.

By searching related articles in validated scientific databases and based on predetermined research criteria, 50 studies were selected as the final articles for the present systematic review.

Different articles have used different methods to apply fatigue. A review of studies has shown that, in general, fatigue can negatively affect the proprioception, coordination of movement and reaction time, and subsequent control of movement, disturbing control of the balance and making healthy people susceptible to injuries. Also, fatigue, as one of the essential factors in falling, leads to decreased muscle strength, reducing neuromuscular responses. These changes can increase the risk of falling, especially in the elderly. In the case of various sports movements, fatigue is one of the most important factors in the disorder and decreased exercise performance, which causes changes in the movement pattern and increases the likelihood of injuries, significantly lower limb lesions, such as ACL injury in movements such as jump-landing.

Considering the increased likelihood of injury following fatigue in healthy people, this factor is necessary during various movements. As the level of exhaustion may alter the biomechanical pattern of various movements, this parameter should be considered as a controlling factor at the time of data collection.

Ankle sprain is one of the most common sports injuries. While the effects of static constraints in stabilizing the ankle joint are relatively well understood, those of dynamic constraints are less clear and require further investigation. The purpose of this study was to compare kinematic variables of ankle joint in athletes with functional ankle instability, Coper and healthy during running.

75 athletes were randomly divided into 3 groups of functional ankle instability (age: 24.04±4.42 years, height: 182.20±6.63 cm, weight: 73.96±7.06 kg), Coper (age: 25.56±4.96 years, height: 185.44±6.97 cm, weight: 77.44±7.03 kg) and healthy (age: 26.40±4.71 years, height: 183.72±6.52 cm, weight: 74.26±6.56 kg). Subjects were asked to run on a treadmill at a speed of 10 km / h for 30 seconds. Kinematic data were recorded using a 3D optic track camera and then used with MATLAB to construct a dynamic model and analyze the data. To compare three groups, one-way analysis of variance test with a significance level of 0.05 was used.

The present study showed that there was a significant difference in dorsiflexion and ankle inversion between the three groups at the moment of initial contact (P≤0/05). Also, the results of the Toki follow-up test showed that there was no significant difference between the Coper and healthy groups in the dorsiflexion and inversion (P≥0/05).

The results showed that functional ankle instability group had less dorsiflexion and more inversion than Coper and healthy group at the moment of initial contact. There was also no significant difference between Coper and healthy groups in dorsiflexion and inversion. Therefore, athletes' strategy of functional ankle instability has altered and the focus of rehabilitation protocols should be on the kinematics of ankle joint in functional activities to prevent recurrent sprain.

The lumbopelvic rhythm is the coordinated movement of the lumbar spine and hip during trunk flexion and return. It is recognized as a clinical indicator of low back pain (LBP); nonetheless, the reported patterns of lumbopelvic rhythm in patients with LBP are inconsistent. The investigation of more homogeneous subgroups of patients with LBP is essential to clarify the lumbopelvic rhythm patterns. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare lumbopelvic rhythm between healthy individuals and patients with lumbar clinical instability.

A total of 44 subjects (22 healthy cases and 22 lumbar clinical instability (LCI) patients) participated in the present study. The kinematic parameters during the trunk flexion and return task were recorded using a Qualisys motion capture system. Hip flexion angle, lumbar flexion angle, and lumbopelvic rhythm were statistically analyzed in every 25% of the flexion and return phase of flexion. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Chi-square, and independent t-test.

In the second quarter of trunk flexion, the flexion angle of the lumbar spine was larger in the lumbar clinical instability group, as compared to that in the control group (P=0.016). Furthermore, the hip flexion angle was smaller in the lumbar clinical instability group, in comparison with that in the control group (P=0.011).

These results show that the lumbopelvic rhythms are different among healthy subjects and patients with lumbar clinical instability.

Abnormal hip kinematic and impaired hip muscle performance have been associated with various musculoskeletal disorders, such as patellofemoral pain, ligaments injuries, low back pain, and hip joint pathology. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of movement-pattern training on selected landing kinematic variables in athletes with non-specific chronic low back pain.

This clinical trial was carried out at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili at 2018. Firstly, 30 males with non-specific chronic low back pain were selected by available sampling and randomly divided into the control (15 subjects) and experimental (15 subjects) groups. Tests were done in the form of pre and post-tests. Movement pattern exercises were performed on the experimental group over a 6-week period. Ethically, the training protocol was done on the control group after the post-test. ANCOVA test was used for statistical analysis of data.

The results showed that movement pattern exercises improved (increase) the kinematic variables in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain (p=0.001).

Findings demonstrated that implementation of movement pattern exercises significantly altered kinematic variables that could be beneficial for future researches in order to prevent and treat individuals with low back pain.

 Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury occurs in sports that require rotational and shear movements. Dual tasks during sports maneuvers increase the risk of injuries. The aim of this study was to systematically review the effect of dual tasks on the kinematics and kinetics of the lower extremities in athletes.

 Articles published between 2000 and 2021 were searched using Google Scholar, and PubMed, Magiran, IranDoc, SPORTDiscus, Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), PEDro, and Scopus databases using a combination of keywords “Biomechanics”, “Landing”, “Dual task”, “Anterior cruciate ligament”, “Divided attention”, “Decision-making”, “Kinetics”, and “Kinematics”. A total of 58 articles were found. After the exclusion of non-English and non-Persian articles and those with damaged samples, 12 articles were reviewed in this study in full text.

 In all studies, dual tasks or divided attention were used during jumping, shear, and landing movements, but the type of cognitive and motor interventions and measured variables was different. Adding a secondary task to the movements associated with jumping and landing significantly increased the ground reaction force and dynamic knee valgus (DKV), and reduced hip and knee flexion, which can ultimately increase the risk of ACL injury.

 Doing injury prevention exercises with cognitive tasks at the same time may cause variability in the central nervous system (CNS) and reduce the incidence of kinematic and kinetic patterns associated with ACL injury.

Non-medicinal treatments are suggested for controlling Multiple Sclerosis (MS) because of given high the prevalence of this disease, the high costs of drug treatment, side effects of the drug, and the lack of definitive treatment of the disease with existing drug. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect tactile stimulation of ankle by Kinesio Tape on walking kinematic properties in women with multiple sclerosis.

statistical sample of this study consisted of 10 women with multiple sclerosis) EDSS =5-6.5, age 20-35 years, height 161.12 ± 63 cm, mass 65.27 ± 7 Kg and BMI 24/98 ± /59 kg/m²). as the experimental group and 10 healthy matched women as control group.
 Anthropometric measurements and three dimensional kinematic features of the lower extremities joints were recorded by the motion analysis system during standing and walking with and without Kinesio tape on the ankle. Data were analyzed by repeated measures and Manova and SPSS software with significance level of (P<0.05).

The results of the study showed that multiple sclerosis influenced on walking pattern and the kinematic features and causing walking disorder. The use of kinesio tape significantly reduced the amount of stride time (P = 0.004).

Kinesio tape reduced step time by the increase of sensory inputs through elasticity of skin. The reduction of step time means the increase in the speed of walking. It indicated the more awareness of the patients from foot position and the more confidence for increasing speed step.

Change in the lower extremity alignments in the frontal plane and muscle activation patterns during pedaling is associated with patellofemoral pain (PFP) and iliotibial band (ITB) syndrome. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect of band loop on kinematic and electromyography of lower extremities during pedaling.

In this descriptive study, Kinematic information of the lower extremity and the electromyographic activity of muscles of 30 male students (normal=15, Genuvarum (GV)=15) in the Movafaghian Clinic in Tehran were recorded during pedaling with and without band loop in 10 pedaling cycles of last 30 seconds. Independent t-test and paired t-test were used to analyze the data.

The results showed a significant difference in the gluteus medius (Gmed) muscle activation (p=0.001) and Gmed/tensor fasciae latae (TFL) activity ratio in both groups (normal p= 0.042, GV p= 0.045), onset of TFL (p=0.007) and offset of Gmed activity (p=0.018) in the normal group, and the onset of Gmed muscle (p=0.048), offset of Gmed (p=0.047) and mean knee abduction angle (p=0.047) in the GV group. Also, the results showed a significant difference in TFL activation with and without the loop across the two groups (with loop p= 0.001, without loop p= 0.003) and the mean (p=0.021) and maximum knee abduction angle (p=0.027) without loop between the two groups.

Pedaling with loop band can be an effective method to increase the function and activation of Gmed muscle while decreasing TFL, improving knee kinematics in the frontal plane and knee stability to prevent injury in the normal and GV groups.

Inappropriate kinetic and kinematic are considered as effective factors in knee injuries especially patellofemoral pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the immediate effect of Mulligan taping on knee dynamic valgus, maximum knee flexion angle, the maximum ground reaction force, time to stabilization and pain in physically active female with patellofemoral pain and dynamic knee valgus.

Fifteen physically active female with patellofemoral pain and dynamic knee valgus was selected purposefully. Before and after Mulligan taping, dynamic knee valgus and flexion in single leg landing and squatting were measured using a two-dimensional video-based method, pain with visual analogue scale and maximum ground reaction force and time to stabiliz during the single leg landing on the force plate were assessed. Dependent t-test was used to statistical analysis (α≤0.05).

The results of dependent t-test showed that the pain (p=0.041, 24.4% reduction), dynamic knee valgus was significantly decreased during single-leg squatting (p=0.001, 58.2% reduction), and landing (p=0.001, 42.9% reduction), and time to stabilization (p=0.033, 64.7% reduction) after taping. However, the maximum knee flexion angle (p=0.518), and the maximum ground reaction force(p=0.267) did not show a significant difference. 

The results of this study revealed that Mulligan corrective taping can reduce knee dynamic valgus angle, time to stabilization and pain. Therefore, this method of taping recommended due to modify the related and exacerbating factors of patellofemoral pain and pain reduction in active female with this disorder and dynamic valgus.