جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « minerals » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The focus of this review study was to examine and analyze the impact of vitamins and minerals on dental implants.

In order to obtain information on the effects of vitamins and minerals on dental implants, a group of existing articles was thoroughly examined for their findings. This examination process involved the selection of specific articles that met the necessary criteria to be included in the analysis, which were then subjected to an extensive review process. The duration of this review process was over a time span of 11 years, starting from the year 2011 and concluding in the year 2022.

A total of 23 articles were included in the study, consisting of 9 clinical studies, 6 animal studies, 1 laboratory study, and 7 reviews. Clinical studies were limited due to uncertain results regarding the impact of vitamins and minerals on DIT, with most focusing on vitamin D levels rather than other nutrients.

It has been concluded that vitamins and minerals play an important role in forming bone tissue. The lack of these essential elements may result in several diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis. It is therefore recommended to increase the levels of vitamins and minerals in patients before undergoing dental implant treatment (DIT), even though the quality of the patient’s bone can also impact the success of the implant. Consequently, the patient’s diet should be modified, and essential supplements and vitamins should be administered to ensure optimal implant success.

Water quality and safety are fundamental to human development and well-being. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the bacteriological and mineral content of water in Ho, the capital city of the Volta Region of Ghana.

Sachet, bottled, and tap water were sampled from January to February in 2019 due to the high rate of consumption and their presumed quality which were taken at random from five different locations throughout the municipality. Water quality assessment protocols were utilized to ascertain the bacteriological as well as mineral contents of the samples, whilst ANOVA was used to determine statistical difference and significance at p<0.05.

The maximum Heterotrophic Plate Count for tap water was 9.95±0.64×105 Colony Forming Unit (CFU)/ml, for sachet water was 7.46±0.09×106 CFU/ml, and for bottled water was 1.10±0.56×105 CFU/ml, all obtained on nutrient agar. For MacConkey agar, maximum growth was 2.94±0.03×106, 9.42±1.67×106, and 2.31±0.77×105 CFU/ml for tap, sachet, and bottled water, respectively. The Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate Agar indicated maximum growth of 1.84±0.34×103, 5.72±0.06×106, and 5.50±2.12×104 CFU/ml for tap, sachet, and bottled water, respectively.
The physical parameters such as pH, turbidity, color, and conductivity were within the recommended limits set by the Ghana Standards Authority. However, tap water recorded the highest turbidity, bottled water recorded the highest and least pH and turbidity, respectively. Moreover, the mineral analysis revealed high levels of phosphate (PO₄³⁻), chloride (Cl-), and sodium (Na) in bottled water, and total iron (Fe) was relatively high in several tap and sachet water samples, the latter item also recorded the highest for ammonia (NH3).

Overall, the tap, sachet, and bottled water samples exhibited varied levels of microbial, and mineral contents whilst the physical parameters were relatively within the recommended levels. The sachet and tap water were the least wholesome in comparison with the bottled water samples.

 An association has already been hypothesized between iron, copper, and magnesium status assessed through food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, self-reported dietary assessment methods are prone to measurement errors. We studied the association between iron, copper, and magnesium status and ESCC risk, using hair samples as a long exposure biomarker.

 We designed a nested case-control study within the Golestan Cohort Study, that recruited about 50000 participants in 2004-2008, and collected biospecimens at baseline. We identified 96 incident cases of ESCC with available hair samples. They were age-matched with cancer-free controls from the cohort. We used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to measure iron, copper, and magnesium concentrations in hair samples. We used multiple logistic regression models to determine odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

 Median concentrations of iron, copper, and magnesium were 35.4, 19.3, and 41.7 ppm in cases and 25.8, 18.3, and 50.0 ppm in controls, respectively. Iron was significantly associated with the risk of ESCC in continuous analysis (OR=1.41, 95% CI=1.03-1.92), but not in the tertiles analyses (ORT3 vs. T1=1.81, 95% CI=0.77-4.28). No associations were observed between copper and magnesium and ESCC risk, in either the tertiles models or the continuous estimate (copper: ORT3 vs. T1=2.56, 95% CI=1.00-6.54; magnesium: ORT3 vs. T1=0.75, 95% CI=0.32-1.78).

 Higher iron status may be related to a higher risk of ESCC in this population.

 According to recent statistics, the rate of burns in Iran is higher than the world’s average. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the treatment protocols as much as possible.

 This study investigated the level of mineral intake (iron, zinc, selenium) and thyroid hormones (TSH, T3, T4) serum levels among burn patients.

 This cross-sectional study was conducted on 24 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of Taleghani Hospital, Ahvaz, Iran. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normality of the distribution of quantitative variables. Blood samples were taken on the first, third, and fifth days of hospitalization. Serum levels of zinc, selenium, iron, T3, T4, and TSH were measured. The correlation of qualitative variables was examined using the chi-square test, and the correlation of quantitative variables was examined using Spearman's correlation analysis. The t-test was used to compare the means in two different groups with the standard value. The generalized estimating equation (GEE) test was used to investigate the effect of time and compare the two groups. Statistical analysis of the data was performed in SPSS v. 22.

 The levels of iron, zinc, selenium, and thyroid hormones changed during the examined days, but these changes were not statistically significant. The amount of the analyzed elements in some cases was lower than their standard serum average, but this difference was significant only for selenium. Besides, there was no significant relationship between iron, zinc, T3, TSH, and the length of stay at the ICU; this relationship was positive and significant only for T4.

 Burn patients in the ICU have insufficient intake of minerals. Changes occur in the serum levels of micronutrients in these patients, affecting their physiological conditions and reducing the speed of recovery.

Dear Editor, In a scenario where there is a lot of uncertainty regarding SARS‑CoV‑2, vitamin and mineral supplementation have gained considerable attention due to the belief that they could prevent infection. However, the scientific evidence is tenuous with regard to their potential to prevent coronavirus disease‑2019 (COVID‑19), and reduce disease severity or mortality

The objective of this study is to determine the effect of mango leaves in preserving the varied concentrations of metals (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus) present in two tomato varieties in Sokoto, Nigeria. After the application of different mango leaves extracts in the postharvest preservation of Daneka tomato fruits in a randomized control design, and atomic absorption spectrophotometry of macro elements; the most elevated concentrations noticed significant difference at (p<0.05) were revealed in potassium (1.20±0.002 to 3.00±0.001 ppm), and calcium (1.27±0.003 to 2.15±0.002 ppm). The lower levels of metals noticed upon storage under mango leaves are revealed by phosphorus (1.10±0.002 to1.37±0.002 ppm), and sodium (0.90±0.001 to 1.30±0.001 ppm); and the least was revealed by magnesium (0.61±0.001 to 0.86±0.001 ppm). The different concentrations of elements upon addition of mango leaves in the postharvest preservation of UTC tomatoes in Sokoto, Nigeria show, the elevated concentrations revealed by phosphorus (2.5±0.001 to 3.8±0.004 ppm), potassium (2.00±0.001 to 2.99±0.001 ppm), and magnesium (1.01±0.001 to 2.59±0.001 ppm). The lower concentrations were observed in calcium (1.34±0.001 to 1.70±0.001 ppm), and sodium (0.55±0.005 to 1.80±0.002 ppm). The mango leaves possessed potential to preserve the Na, K, Ca, Mg, and P levels in tomatoes; thus could serve as cheap, accessible, and sustainable preservative in the state when improved.

Minerals are required for human body to function properly. The purpose of this study was to find if these canned, jarred, and packaged foods are a good source of sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K) in Nigerian diets.

Totally, 188 samples of canned, packaged, and jarred foods were collected from malls, local markets, and street vendors; and then they were divided into eight food groups. After microwave-assisted digestion; the Na, K, Ca, and Mg contents of canned, packaged, and jarred foods commonly consumed in South-East Nigeria were determined using micro-sampling Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The results obtained were subjected to ordinary statistical analysis and presented as box plots. All statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 20 software.

Ca was the most abundant micronutrient in all samples, reaching levels above 0.7 g/100 g in the milk and milk products group, followed by Mg at levels above 0.2 g/100 g. Na was the scarcest micronutrient with levels ranging from 0.040 to 0.065 g/100 g across food groups. K level also varied reaching levels above 0.070 g/100 g in the beverages (alcoholic and non-alcoholic). The mean concentration (g/100 g) of Ca (0.782±0.313) and Mg (0.202±0.044) in milk and milk products were within the national reference standard by National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control for such micronutrients. However, the Na, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations of the various food groups were all lower than the international standards.

It is concluded that some efforts are necessary to improve the nutritional quality of canned, jarred, and packaged foods distributed in Nigeria.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is presently a life-threatening condition, and despite of multiple attempts, no functional method has been introduced against this pandemic problem yet. In this study, for the first time, the possible antiviral aspects of mineral nanoparticles (MNPs) obtained from a natural source, thermal spring water, were evaluated.

At first, MNPs obtained from the Gishki thermal spring, Kerman province, Iran, were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Then, the presence of mineral elements in MNPs was identified by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and MTT assay. Finally, 17 cases suspected of COVID-19 were randomly selected, and their nasal swab samples were exposed to two concentrations of MNPs (50 and 100 u/mL).

The results of real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test manifested that MNPs had a destructive effect on 4 (33%) COVID-19 cases.

Therefore, MNPs of thermal spring water may act as an obstacle against COVID-19.

Early childhood caries (ECC) is one of the multifactorial, acute, and progressive types of tooth decay. Some salivary biomarkers are associated with this disease. 

The data we used in our review were searched from articles published between 1950 to 2021 and using early childhood caries (ECC), children, saliva, salivary biomarkers, salivary characteristics, salivary minerals, cytokines, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and nitric oxide (NO) as keywords, collected from official web pages (Scopus, PubMed, Embase and Google scholar) and documents published from different international institutions. 

The search was limited to articles published in the English language. After the abstract screening, the full text of 194 relevant studies was reviewed. Finally, 101 relevant studies were selected.

Cytokines with the potential to affect ECC include interleukin (IL)-1 (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), a soluble cluster of differentiation (sCD)14-cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), CD63 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The minerals associated with the ECC are calcium (Ca), phosphate (PO43-), fluoride (F), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), and lead (Pb). 

Some characteristics of saliva that seem to concern ECC include salivary pH, salivary total protein, salivary total lipid, salivary buffering capacity, and saliva flow rate. Other vital factors observed to have significant effects on the ECC process involve total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and nitric oxide (NO).

COVID-19 is caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Since the antioxidant mechanisms such as glutathione peroxidase or superoxide dismutase are downregulated during infection by the virus, there is an imbalance in the oxidant-antioxidant system. In this study we aimed to identify the effect of COVID-19 on the antioxidant defense mechanism by comparing the concentrations of antioxidants and microminerals in COVID-19 patients and healthy controls.

This cross-sectional analytical study involved 200 patients at Kasturba Hospital, Manipal University. The serum concentrations of antioxidants and minerals were determined to establish the impact of COVID-19 on antioxidants mechanism and nutrient status in COVID-19 patients.

The serum concentrations of GPX (10.36 ± 2.70 ≥ 5.82 ± 1.64 mKAT/L, p < 0.0001) and copper (2192.5 ± 449.8 ≥ 782.15 ± 106.5 µg/dL, p < 0.0001) were significantly greater, and zinc (34.78 ± 4.5 ≤ 81.07 ± 10.13 µg/dL, p < 0.0001) was significantly less, in the study group than in controls. The Pearson correlation between serum SOD and zinc was significant (r = 0.491, p < 0.0001) indicating the importance of zinc in maintaining and improving SOD activity. No significant correlations were observed between copper and SOD (r = -0.089) or iron and CAT (r = -0.027).

Our study demonstrated the expected increase in oxidant-radical production during COVID-19 by estimating the altered concentrations of antioxidants and the minerals required to neutralize the elevated ROS. This finding is not novel but adds to the existing literature, which recommends nutritional supplementation of microminerals and antioxidants.

Cereals are the most staple foods in human diet and the main components of the daily diet. This work was designed to determine the level of essential and non-essential elements, the in vitro bioavailability, interrelationship, and associated health risk in consumed cereal grains in Nigeria to assess their safety and wholesomeness.

The contents of phytate, oxalate, and some major-, trace- and potentially toxic elements were determined in 36 samples of barley, maize, millet, rice, sorghum, and wheat marketed in Nigeria.

The data showed variable significant (p<0.05) levels of elements, phytate, and oxalate in the cereals but they were below European commission maximum permissible limits. Estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of elements in the cereals were all below maximum permissible limits set by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Hazard Index (HI) values, though higher in children than adults, were less than one except in wheat and sorghum. The incremental lifetime Cancer Risk (CR) and Total Cancer Risk (TCR) values were below the threshold limit.

This study revealed that barley, maize, millet, rice, sorghum, and wheat available in Nigeria markets contain varying quantities of essential elements, potentially toxic elements, and antinutrients.DOI: 10.18502/jfqhc.9.3.11152

At least 50% of infertile couple's problems are related to male factor infertility and in many patients; nutritional problems have been related to decreased sperm quality. Thus, the present study aims to examine the association of dietary fat and mineral intake with semen quantity and quality.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 175 infertile men in Isfahan Infertility and Fertility Center, Iran.  Dietary intake of all patients was evaluated by validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and semen analysis was performed by standard protocol. Linear and quartile regression were used to determine the association of dietary fat and mineral intake with semen related factors.

There was a positive association between the sperm total count with iron (Fe) (Ptrend = 0.03), zinc (Zn) (Ptrends= 0.02), and selenium (Se) (Ptrend = 0.001). Men in the highest quartile of Zn and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) had higher sperm density (P < 0.05). Levels of Zn and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in participant's diet were also negatively related to DNA damage (Ptrend = 0.01 for Zn and Ptrend = 0.04 for DHA). Higher intake of saturated fatty acid (SFA) was associated with lower sperm density (Ptrend = 0.02) and higher intake of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) was associated with higher sperm totality (Ptrend = 0.02).

In this preliminary cross-sectional study, diets containing higher amounts of Fe, Zn, Se, MUFA, and DHA and lower amounts of SFA were associated with more favourable semen quality parameters.

Infertility has been a significant problem for couples in recent decades, and the issue can often lie with the male rather than the female.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of fats and minerals intake on semen parameters in infertile men.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 260 infertile men referred to Isfahan Infertility Clinic, Isfahan, Iran in the summer of 2018. Semen parameters regarding sperm concentration, total motility, normal morphology, and sperm volume were considered. To assess dietary intakes, a validated food frequency questionnaire was used.

In the adjusted model, the prevalence of abnormal concentration was 5.23 times higher in the top quartile of calcium intake, compared with the bottom quartile (p = 0.03). Also, the prevalence of abnormal morphology was 68% lower in the third quartile of calcium intake (p = 0.03). Additionally, the prevalence of abnormal concentration was 84% lower in the top quartile of folate intake in comparison to the bottom quartile (p = 0.01) and the prevalence of abnormal morphology was 70% lower in the top quartile of folate intake (p = 0.03). Additionally, the prevalence of abnormal concentration was 72% lower in the top quartile of selenium intake in comparison to the bottom quartile (p = 0.04). Furthermore, in the crude model, the prevalence of abnormal volume was 64% lower in the second quartile of linoleic acid intake rather than the first quartile (p = 0.01).

In conclusion, diets containing higher amounts of folate and selenium, and lower amounts of cholesterol, saturated fatty acid and calcium were associated with more favorable semen quality parameters.

Burn wound is one of the most common injuries worldwide. However, its management still remains a health concern and research is ongoing for more efficient therapies. Persian medicine has described different methods in this regard. Previous reviews have mostly focused on the herbal-based therapies for burn management. Hence, the current study aimed to review both non-herbal and herbal-based therapies used in Persian medicine for their burn healing properties, and to compare them with new evidence. The most important texts of Persian medicine were reviewed for burn wound classification, managements and treatment approaches. Moreover, herbal, minerals, and animal-based products claimed to possess burn wound healing activity, were extracted. In the next step, digital databases were searched to find new supporting data for the extracted-traditional remedies and their healing mechanisms. More than one hundred traditional medicinal herbs, minerals, and animal-based products have been recommended to treat burn wound in Persian medicine among them, the healing effect of thirty-five herbs and eight non-herbal treatments (mineral and animal-based compounds) were supported by new evidence. Otherwise, there was not new evidence reporting the healing effect of seventy-three herbs and sixteen non-herbal compounds extracted from Persian Medicine literature. Although some managements of burn wounds in Persian medicine have been confirmed by new evidence, the efficacy of a plenty of materials needs to be methodically evaluated. Hence, it could introduce new clues for future research.

Milk and dairy productsare avowed as rich source of dietary minerals. Globally, the popularity of ice cream is increasing due to its nutritional benefits and appealing tastes. Therefore, the main objectives of this study were: (a) to determine the concentration of macro-elements (K, Na, Mg, Ca, and P) in commercially available ice cream in Bangladesh; (b) to point out their contribution to our daily diet formulation. Based on the popularity, and availability, seven leading brands were selected and five samples from each brand were randomly purchased irrespective of their types, flavour, taste, and price. The concentration of macro-minerals were quantified using Inductively Coupled Optical Emission Spectrophotometer (ICP-OES) and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The average concentration (fresh weight) of studied elements had shown a descending order of Ca (1529.41±278.88) > K (1363.69±198.68) > P (1187.76±231.23) > Na (569.79±141.14) > Mg (194.90±68.59) mg.kg-1. Pearson’s correlation matrix among the different metals revealed a significant correlation between K-Na (r = 0.418) and K-Mg (r = 0.408) at p < 0.05 levels. The average estimated daily intake (EDI) of K, Na, Mg, Ca, and P were found 40.97, 17.12, 5.85, 45.94, and 35.68 mg.day-1, respectively, which indicated none of the studied samples exceeded the recommended daily allowance (RDA). The consumption of ice cream (30.04 g.day-1) showed 0.87-7.34% contributions of macro-elements to our daily diet. The present study concludes that ice cream could be considered as a possible source of essential minerals (especially Ca, and P). However, to assure the food quality and to create a balanced diet, regular monitoring of milk and dairy products is strongly recommended.