نشریه طب انتظامی
سال یازدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 40، زمستان 1401)

Resilience represents a characteristic in people that not only causes to flourish despite the problems and limitations, but also handle them well. The aim of this study was to explain the resilience model based on personality traits that mediated by perceived stress.

This research is a correlational type in the form of structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study was all employees of a military unit who were serving in Tehran, Iran in 2019. Samples were selected by multi-stage random clustering. The instruments used to measure the research variables were: Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale, 240 Neuroticism Questionnaire and Perceived Stress Questionnaire. Initial sampling measures were taken after obtaining the necessary permits from the military center study case and security principles. A group was selected as a cluster from this military units and 367 people were tested. Data were analyzed by using structural equation modeling through LISREL 8.5 software.

324 questionnaires were well-completed enough to be evaluated and scored among distributed questionnaires. The resilience scale of the samples was 57.1± 15.7. The results showed that personality traits had a direct structural effect on resilience and an indirect structural effect through perceived stress. Some personality traits explained the resilience, and perceived stress also played a mediating role in explaining resilience based on personality traits. Among 30 personality traits in this study, 14 traits explained the resilience model based on personality.

Components of personality traits based on the model obtained are able to predict changes in the resilience variable directly and indirectly through the perceived stress variable.

Adverse childhood experiences are consistently associated with psychiatric problems in children and adults. However, the long-term effects of childhood experiences on mental health in adulthood have not been studied. Therefore the aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between childhood experiences and depressive symptom-suicidal tendencies with the mediating role of rumination and thwarted belongingness.

This descriptive study was done via structural equation modeling. The statistical sample of this study included 650 students studying at Mohaghegh Ardabili University in 2020 academic year who were selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected using Joiner Depression Symptom-Suicidality Questionnaire (with Cronbach's alpha coefficient and convergent validity of 0.91 and 0.74), Hill & Pettit with Cronbach's alpha coefficient and convergent validity of 0.88 and 0.84, O’Connor & Williams rumination with Cronbach's alpha coefficient and convergent validity 0.79 and 0.75) and childhood experiences of Kaiser foundation and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention with Cronbach's alpha coefficient and convergent validity 0.91 and 0.87) were used. Data were analyzed using structural equations and confirmatory factor analysis by using SPSS 25 and AMOS 24 software.

Finally, the data of 600 participants with a mean age of 23.09±4.44 were analyzed. The direct effect of childhood experiences on rumination and depressive suicidal symptoms was significantly positive (p<0.001). Also, the direct effect of childhood experiences on negative belonging was significant (P<0.001). However there was a significant negative direct effect between belonging and depression suicidal symptoms and a positive direct effect between rumination and depression suicidal symptoms (P<0.05). Also, the indirect effect of childhood experiences through rumination and belonging on depressive symptom-suicidal symptoms was significant (p<0.001).

Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that rumination and belonging play a mediating role between childhood experiences and. depressive-suicidal symptoms.

Iran's population is aging and the quality of life of the elderly in the armed forces, due to the nature of professional activity, needs special attention. The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between interpersonal sensitivity and quality of life in the armed forces retirees in Tehran, Iran.

The present study is a cross-sectional correlation with an analytical approach. The statistical population of the study consisted retirees of the armed forces over 65 years old who lived in Tehran, Iran in 2019-2020. By using Morgan table, the sample size was 373 people who were selected by available sampling method. The research tools included Boyce and Parker (1989) Sensitivity Questionnaire with confirmed validity and reliability of 0.81 and also older people's quality of life questionnaire (CASP-19) with confirmed validity and Cronbach's alpha of 0.78. Questionnaires were completed through one-on-one face-to-face interviews with senior retirees of the Armed Forces. The relationship between research variables was assessed by using Pearson correlation coefficient test and SPSS 22 software.

91.42% (341 people) of 373 participants were male. 75.06% (280 people) were 70-65 years old. 75.06% of the samples were 65-70 years old. The mean score of total interpersonal sensitivity was 57.17±35.83 and the mean score of total quality of life of the elderly was 58.00±26.34. The results of Pearson correlation test showed that the level of significance between interpersonal sensitivity and quality of life in the elderly was equal to 0.41 (P-Value<0.05). The interpersonal sensitivity score and its dimensions were at a low level and the elderly quality of life score and its dimensions were at a good level.

The general condition about interpersonal sensitivity with quality of life in elderly retirees of the armed forces living in Tehran, Iran is slightly more favorable than the scores related to studies of the general elderly population of the country. This issue can be related to the systematic structure of the armed forces, emphasis and continuous training during service, the existence of active retirement centers, as well as the continuation in communication with colleagues.

Retirement is a transition to new stage of life which is one of the most important changes in person's life and it is very important to pay attention to it the present study aims to the effectiveness of the self-compassion treatment on self-efficacy and life satisfaction in police force retirees in Tehran, Iran.

The research method is quasi-experimental and pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population was all police force retirees of Tehran, Iran in 2021 of which 30 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced in two groups of 15people in experimental and control. The Scherer and Maddox (1982) Self-Efficacy Questionnaire and the Diner et al.'s (1985) Life Satisfaction Questionnaire were used to collect data. The self-compassion training protocol was performed for the experimental group in 8 sessions (120 minutes per session). Finally, after the training sessions, the post-test was performed and. The data were analyzed by using univariate analysis of covariance in SPSS-22 software.

The data were analyzed for 30 retirees in experimental and follow-up groups. The mean age in the experimental group was 73.11±6.41 years old and in the control group was 76.51±5.31 years old. Considering the F values for post-self-efficacy test (91.76) and life satisfaction (12.79) and their significance level (P-value = 0.001), which was less than 0.05, it was observed that self-compassion treatment was effective to increase self-efficacy and life satisfaction in the experimental group.

Compassion-focused therapy can be effective on increasing self-efficacy and life satisfaction in retirees. Therefore, this intervention can be used in programs designed for retirees.

Escaping from military service occurs first during a process of incompatibility with the situation, then violence, and finally escape. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of distress tolerance in relation to soldiers' violence with desire to escape due to the performance of commanders.

This research was descriptive correlation based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population was all 280 soldiers of Imam Sajjad Educational Center in Urmia, Iran in July 2021. In this study, 210 samples were selected by the simple random sampling. The Buss-Perry Violence Questionnaire, the Simons and Gaher Turbulence Questionnaire, as well as the researcher-made questionnaire of tendency to escape due to the commanders' performance were used to collect data. To analyzing the data, Pearson correlation test and structural equation model were used in the form of SPSS 18 and AMOS 23 software.

Among 210 participants in the study, 139 people had diploma and lower degrees and also 71 people had a bachelor's degree or higher. Confirmatory validity and the measurement model of the three questionnaires were confirmed and the reliability was obtained by Cronbach's alpha method of violence 0.87, distress tolerance was 0.79 and desire to escape was 0.88. The findings showed that the soldiers' violence and distress tolerance due to the performance of the commanders on the desire to escape have a direct and indirect effect of 0.291 and -0.246. The standardized values of the indirect effects of the violence through the mediation of distress tolerance on the tendency to escape were confirmed by the Bootstrap estimation method and violence had an effect on the desire to escape through mediation of distress tolerance (-0.48) (p <0.01). Finally, the research model was approved and 41% of the desire to escape due to the performance of commanders could be explained by the variables of soldiers' violence and distress tolerance in direct and indirect levels.

The present study shows that soldier violence affects the desire to escape through the mediation of distress tolerance and importance of cognitive and emotional factors in explaining the desire to escape due to the performance of commanders.

Escaping from military service occurs first during a process of incompatibility with the situation, then violence, and finally escape. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of distress tolerance in relation to soldiers' violence with desire to escape due to the performance of commanders.

This research was descriptive correlation based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population was all 280 soldiers of Imam Sajjad Educational Center in Urmia, Iran in July 2021. In this study, 210 samples were selected by the simple random sampling. The Buss-Perry Violence Questionnaire, the Simons and Gaher Turbulence Questionnaire, as well as the researcher-made questionnaire of tendency to escape due to the commanders' performance were used to collect data. To analyzing the data, Pearson correlation test and structural equation model were used in the form of SPSS 18 and AMOS 23 software.

Among 210 participants in the study, 139 people had diploma and lower degrees and also 71 people had a bachelor's degree or higher. Confirmatory validity and the measurement model of the three questionnaires were confirmed and the reliability was obtained by Cronbach's alpha method of violence 0.87, distress tolerance was 0.79 and desire to escape was 0.88. The findings showed that the soldiers' violence and distress tolerance due to the performance of the commanders on the desire to escape have a direct and indirect effect of 0.291 and -0.246. The standardized values of the indirect effects of the violence through the mediation of distress tolerance on the tendency to escape were confirmed by the Bootstrap estimation method and violence had an effect on the desire to escape through mediation of distress tolerance (-0.48) (p <0.01). Finally, the research model was approved and 41% of the desire to escape due to the performance of commanders could be explained by the variables of soldiers' violence and distress tolerance in direct and indirect levels.

The present study shows that soldier violence affects the desire to escape through the mediation of distress tolerance and importance of cognitive and emotional factors in explaining the desire to escape due to the performance of commanders.

Rapid and accurate diagnosis of drug abuse can have many functions which following the appropriate and rapid treatment, as well as to monitoring people during rehabilitation or counseling about withdrawing drug abuse are of the most important functions. The aim of the present study was to review recent studies in the field of rapid and accurate diagnosis of drug abuse.

In this review study, scientific databases including Science Direct, Google Scholar, Springer, Scopus, Pubmed and Iranian databases including Irandoc, Magiran, SID were used. The keywords used in searches , regardless of time limit, were substance abuse, diagnosis and drugs diagnosis and drugs. Duplicate and irrelevant items were excluded from the study after the initial screening. The content was classified based on laboratory samples. Ethical standards were observed in all stages of the research and no bias was made by the researchers in the stages of the review.

76 English and Persian articles were retrieved, of which 24 related studies were reviewed. According to the findings, the amount of substance remaining in the body and the time of the test were considered the two important principles for the rapid and accurate diagnosis of substance abuse. Urine, blood, exhaled breath, saliva, sweat, nails, and hair are biological samples that are commonly used to diagnose substance abuse in laboratories. The choice of each depends on factors such as cost, ease of sample collection, risk of fraud, type of test (immediate or laboratory), drug abuse time frame (acute or chronic),the last time of using and the use of each to diagnose of drugs and consumption have advantages and disadvantages.

No laboratory methods have been found with 100% diagnostic accuracy to detect drug abuse and various laboratory methods are always at risk of false-positive or false-negative results. However, accurate and rapid diagnosis of drug abuse in various areas of law enforcement, such as traffic police, crime detection, and forensics, is important, and studies are ongoing.

Traffic pollution is one of the most serious health problems in the world. Oxidative stress caused by free radicals leads to a wide range of cellular damage such as enzyme inactivation, lipid peroxidation, protein and lipoprotein oxidation and a variety of diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluation of oxidative stress parameters in the serum of urban drivers compared to suburban drivers with the impact of traffic pollutants.

The present research is a prospective Cohort study. The statistical population of the study was male drivers that referring to Ghaemshahr, Iran occupational medicine in 2019 to 2020. 45 drivers of urban vehicles exposed to traffic pollutants and 45 suburban drivers were selected as a control group by systematic probabilistic sampling to determine the oxidative (NO and MDA) and antioxidant (TAC, CAT) parameters in serum. Data were analyzed using chi-square and T-test in SPSS 22 software.

The data from this study showed that the mean of nitric oxide, total antioxidant capacity and catalase enzyme indexes in the group of drivers exposed to traffic pollutants were lower than the control group, while lipid peroxidation was higher in the group of drivers exposed to traffic pollutants compared to the drivers in the control group, which is significant at the level of statistical probability level of 1% (p <0.001).

The results of the research showed that oxidative stress caused by traffic Pollutants decreased the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and increased oxidative conditions in the group of drivers exposed to traffic pollutants, which can threaten the health of these people.

Anger is associated with problems at work, interpersonal relationships, and quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation of resilience and abnormal personality traits with anger through the mediation of perception of air pollution .

This research was applied in terms of purpose and its method is correlation. The statistical samples of this study were 250 students of a military university in 2020-2021 in Tehran, Iran who were selected by cluster random sampling. The tools used in this study were Connor-Davidson (2003) Resilience Questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha coefficient and convergent validity of 0.93 and 0.58; Dimensions of Abnormal Personality of Kroger et al. (2012) with reliability and validity of 0.94 and 0.69; Spielberger (1999) Trait-State Anger with reliability and validity of 0.95 and 0.55 and also Air Pollution Perception Questionnaire of Yazdanparast et al. (2014) with reliability and validity of 0.96 and 0.58. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling using SPSS 26 software and version 3 of Smart PLS software.

Most of the participants among the 250 research samples were in the age group of 25 to 35 years (44.8%), most of them had master's degree (55.6%). The coefficient of effect of abnormal personality traits on perception of air pollution was 0.324, the characteristics of abnormal personality traits on anger were 0.323, the perception of air pollution on anger was 0.266 and the relation between variables were positive and significant and the coefficient of effect of resilience on perception of air pollution was 0.222, and of resilience on anger was estimated to be -0.162 and the relation between these variables was negative and significant. Also, the mediating role of perception of air pollution in the relation between abnormal personality traits and anger as well as the relation between resilience and anger was confirmed (p <0.05).

Due to the mediating role of pollution perception in relation of abnormal personality traits and resilience with anger, individuals’ anger can be reduced through monitoring and optimizing air quality, personality traits and promoting resilience.

Social media can also cause psychological harm in addition to informing. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an intervention-support protocol on self-destruction and media literacy in a military university staff.

The research is applied in terms of purpose with a quasi-experimental design. The statistical population included all the staff of a military university in 2020-2021. The sample of this study was 40 employees who were randomly selected by available method as a nonprobability sample and were divided into two groups of 20 as test and control groups. Data collection tools were the scale of Agha Mohammadian Sherbaf and Moradian's self-destructive behaviors (2012) and media literacy of Falsafi (2014). The intervention protocol consisted of group training workshops for 10 sessions as 2 sessions per week for five consecutive weeks that were performed on the experimental group. Analysis of covariance and SPSS 26 software were used to test the effectiveness of the intervention-support protocol on self-destruction and media literacy.

57.5% of the 40 participants (23 people) in the study were male who were between 20 and 30 years old. The highest and lowest frequency of education was respectively related to people with bachelor's degrees (50%) and Ph.D. degrees (7.5%). The mean scores of self-destruction in the experimental group decreased from 115.50±14.35 in the pre-test stage to 77.75± 15.09 in the post-test stage and the mean scores of media literacy in the experimental group in the pre-test situation increased from 45.30±7.81 to 62.60±7.12 in the post-test stage. The significance level of all tests was less than 0.05 error and the research hypothesis was confirmed.

Considering the significant effect of the intervention-support protocol on self-destruction and media literacy, applying this protocol is useful to control the damage caused by the media storm.

The commission of some crimes has increased in recent years with the number of abusive women. Having a quality of life and psychological flexibility can help prevent these crimes. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of solution-focused therapy on the quality of life and psychological flexibility of abusive women with addiction readiness.

This is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The abusive women who were referred to the Welfare Center of Khuzestan, Iran in Shushtar city formed the statistical population of the present study in 2021. To screen abusive women with addiction readiness, Zargar et al. (2006) Addiction Readiness Questionnaire was used with a validity of 0.45 and a reliability of 0.90, and 30 people with the highest score were selected among the 200 abusive women who completed this questionnaire. Samples were randomly assigned to experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups and responded to the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire-Short Form with 0.81 validity and 0.84 reliability and Psychological flexibility of Dennis and Vander Wall (2010) with 0.75 validity and 0.74 reliability. Experimental group participants received eight sessions of one and a half hours of the solution-focused therapy program (Grant, 2011). Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance with SPSS 22 software.

The mean age of 15 female participants in the experimental group was 32.7± 2.8 and in the control group was 33.4±2.6 years, which ranged from 22 to 37 years. The scores of quality of life and psychological flexibility of the experimental group in the post-test were higher than the scores of the control group. The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed a significant difference in the scores of the two groups (p=0.003; F=5.53; Pillayi trace=0.51). According to the obtained F values for post-test of quality of life (70.66) and psychological flexibility (55.16) and their significance level (p<0.001), it was observed that treatment was the solution and was able to increase the quality of life and psychological flexibility of abusive women with addiction readiness.

Solution-focused therapy is an effective way to improve the quality of life and psychological flexibility of abusive women with addiction readiness.

Research evidence confirms physiological and psychological differences in men and women with substance abuse. In this regard, in the present study with the aim of examining gender differences in the treatment of drug abuse, in the psychological dimension, pain perception, resilience, failure tolerance and aggression of women and men who have been treated who compared with methadone maintenance program.

In a descriptive study with causal-comparative method among people referring to addiction treatment centers in Tehran, Iran in the fall and winter of 2019 who were in-treatment with methadone, 300 people (150 men and 150 women) with an age range of 17 Up to 36 years and high school diploma or higher education were selected by multi-stage random cluster sampling method and answered the questionnaires of pain perception with (0.87 reliability), resilience (0.84 reliability), failure tolerance (0.72 reliability) and aggression (0.71 reliability). The obtained data were analyzed using Paired-Sample T-Test by SPSS software version 24.

The highest frequency was related to people between 22 and 26 years old with bachelor's degree and 11 to 15 years of work experience. Variables’ means in women and men were respectively 4.152±0.521 and 3.258±0.359 for pain perception, 3.961±0.357 and 3.651±0.198 for resilience, 4.208±0.303 and 3.247±0.137 for failure tolerance and 3.621±0.211 and 4.188±0.652 for aggression. The difference between men and women in pain perception, failure tolerance and aggression was significantly observed. However, there was no significant difference between men and women in resilience.

Women experience more pain and less failure in the process of quitting drugs with methadone than men, but men show more aggression than women. The process of quitting methadone seems to be more difficult for women than men. The resilience of men and women in this treatment program have no differences.

Back pain is one of the most pervasive chronic pains. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy in patients with chronic low back pain on pain self- efficacy and quality of life.

The present study is a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with a control group which was done from February 2020 to March 2021. All patients with chronic low back pain who were referred to the specialty ward of Al-Zahra Hakimieh Clinic in Tehran, Iran were the statistical population of this study. The study population consisted of 45 people who were divided into three groups of 15 people through purposive sampling and random selection. The treatment method for the first group was cognitive-behavioral therapy while acceptance and commitment therapy was done for the second group and no training was considered for the control group. The World Health Organization's questionnaires of demographic information, pain self-efficacy and quality of life were the tools used in the study. The research hypotheses were specifically investigated using univariate covariance analysis.

45 patients (33 men and 12 women) participated with a mean age of 41.18±14.09 years. The F-ratio of univariate analysis of covariance was significant for the difference of all dependent variables between the experimental groups and the control group (p<0.001). To compare the effectiveness of two treatments on pain self-efficacy and quality of life, the results of the Bonferroni post hoc test were used. The difference between the mean of cognitive-behavioral therapy group and acceptance and commitment therapy group on pain self- efficacy and quality of life in both post-test and follow-up stages was not significant (p>0.05). Therefore, the effectiveness of the two treatments on pain self- efficacy and quality of life in these patients was the same.

Both cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy are effective in increasing pain self-efficacy and quality of life among patients with chronic low back pain, but there is no significant difference between the two therapies.

Preliminary studies of nucleotide changes in virus genomic sequences identified 13 haplotype groups. Among these haplotypes, cases H1, H2 and H5 showed the highest frequency in the world. Therefore, changes in the mononucleotide label in these haplotypes were evaluated using PCR in the Iranian population .

RNA samples of this cross-sectional study were obtained from individuals who were referred to one of the police diagnostic laboratories in Tehran, Iran from June to November 2020 and had to be tested for COVID-19 by PCR. 300 samples were randomly selected. To identify and determine the frequency, changes of mononucleotide tags in haplotypes H1, H2, and H5 of all samples were examined using ARMS-PCR. A number of samples were sequenced by the Sanger method to ensure the accuracy of ARMS-PCR results.

Genotyping of genomic samples showed that 122 samples had H5 haplotype group index mutation H5 (28688T>C) and 158 samples had H1 haplotype group index mutation H1 (14408C>T) It was also observed that 11 samples were infected simultaneously with two different viral haplotypes. In addition, the H2 haplotype group was not observed in the samples.

RNA samples of this cross-sectional study were obtained from individuals who were referred to one of the police diagnostic laboratories in Tehran, Iran from June to November 2020 and had to be tested for COVID-19 by PCR. 300 samples were randomly selected. To identify and determine the frequency, changes of mononucleotide tags in haplotypes H1, H2, and H5 of all samples were examined using ARMS-PCR. A number of samples were sequenced by the Sanger method to ensure the accuracy of ARMS-PCR results.

A large number of gastrointestinal diseases observed in the military may have serious effects on health. Most research on variables related to coping with irritable bowel syndrome has focused on the pathogenic perspective (risk factors such as life events) rather than the salutogenic perspective (factors such as coping and adaptation). In this study, the variables emphasized by the salutogenic perspective were used to develop a structural model for health indicators based on coping resources and stress management, mediated by a health-promoting lifestyle in police patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

This study was a correlation design of structural equation modeling. Police patients with irritable bowel syndrome were the statistical population of this study who referred to the gastrointestinal and psychiatric clinic of one of the police hospitals in 2020 and 2021. The statistical sample size was 250 people who were randomly selected from patients and were diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome by a psychiatrist based on ROME-IV criteria. Research tools included the Bringsen Health Salutogenic Indicators Scale (Cronbach's alpha 0.81), Epstein Stress Management Questionnaire (Cronbach's original version 0.80 and translated version 0.94), Walker Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile Questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha 0.82) and the Matheny Stress Coping Resources Questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha of the original version was 0.84 to 0.97 and the translated version was 0.94). Data were analyzed using SPSS 24 and SmartPLS-3 software by Pearson correlation test and structural equation path analysis.

Fitness indices as a result of testing the hypothetical model and the structural model showed the relationship between coping resources and stress management with lifestyle mediation on health indices which had desirable fitness. Path analysis of this model showed that in the direct path, the effect of stress management (λ=0.11; t=3.11; p=0.05), coping resources (λ=0.37; t=3.01; p=0.01) and health-promoting lifestyle (λ=0.20; t=3.16; p=0.01) were significant on salutogenic health indices. In the indirect path, the lifestyle mediating model between stress management and coping resources with salutogenic health indicators was significant at the level of 0.05 and standard coefficient (0.11-0.13).

This study showed that a health-promoting lifestyle can positively and significantly mediate the relationship between coping resources and stress management with salutogenic health indicators in a selected sample of police patients referred to a police medical center.

Due to the importance of hospital information systems to improve the quality of health care services, their evaluation has a special place in various aspects. For measuring the quality and efficiency of information systems, an important method involves evaluating them with a usability approach. The aim of this study was usability testing of the hospital information system of a police medical center based on ISO 9241 -11.

This descriptive cross -sectional study was conducted in one of the selected medical centers of the police force among the users of the hospital information system in 2021 (110 participants). Data were collected through a questionnaire with 35 questions based on IsoMetrics tool. The questionnaire questions were classified into 7 groups and each of them indicated the usability criterion in the ISO 9241 -11 standard. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed by medical informatics specialists and its reliability was assessed by the repeatability test (0.7). The results of the survey were statistically analyzed using SPSS 26 software.

23 samples were excluded from the study due to incomplete questionnaires (N=87). The user mean work experience was 10.62±6.14 years, with a minimum of less than one year and a maximum of 22 years. Nurses had the highest satisfaction (3.44±0.36) and pharmacy users had the lowest satisfaction (2.41±0.11) in the information system. In this study, self - descriptiveness of the information system had the highest mean (3.44±0.63) and controllability had the lowest mean (3.13±0.55). In this study, information system self -description had the highest mean score and controllability had the lowest score

Although the status of the hospital information system was satisfactory, more attention to usability criteria such as controllability and suitability for individualization can improve the quality and efficiency of the current system

Among service providers, medical centers, especially hospitals, are among the first organizations involved in responding to disasters and can play a crucial and decisive role. The purpose of this study was to review studies on the level of preparedness of medical centers against the potential risks of natural disasters in Iran that have been examined.

The present study is a type of review study that by searching for sources and databases inside and outside the country, all articles that reported the preparedness of hospitals and published from 2008 to 2021 were extracted using a single checklist. The quality of articles was evaluated based on the STROBE checklist and poor quality articles were excluded from the study and other studies entered the content analysis level.

By searching the sources, 17 published articles were identified following the inclusion criteria, one of which was excluded due to poor quality, and finally, 16 articles were reviewed. It should be noted that these studies have evaluated a total of 118 hospitals.

The preparedness of Iranian hospitals is average. Also, the preparedness of the studied hospitals in terms of admission is poor, In emergencies, transfer and evacuation, traffic, communications, safety, human resources, and management and command are also medium. In terms of education and support, the level of preparedness of the studied hospitals is good.

Nowadays, the use of laboratory methods based on enzymatic reactions to monitor the health of individuals, especially in the field of military forces, has become widespread. One of the enzymatic methods is the use of creatinase enzyme for clinical measurement of creatine and creatinine in body fluids, through which the health of kidneys, muscles, and thyroid gland can be understood. This study aimed to optimize the expression of the creatinase enzyme and to investigate the effect of gold nanoparticles on the stability of the creatinase enzyme.

This research was conducted in the spring and summer of 2021 in the electrochemical institute located at the University of Tehran, Iran. In this study, E. coli BL21 containing pET28a amplification vector was cultured in TB medium and then induced at 18, 22, 28, 32, and 37°C. After sonication, purification of enzymes was performed by affinity chromatography. After confirmation of expression by SDS-PAGE, the concentrations of enzymes expressed at different induction temperatures were measured and compared by the Bradford method. Then the activity of enzymes was evaluated and compared by the colorimetric method. Finally, the effect of gold nanoparticles on the structure of the creatinase enzyme was investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy.

Examination of creatinase expression at different temperatures in the TB medium showed that at 28°C the highest amount of enzyme with the highest activity was obtained. On the other hand, fluorescence spectroscopy of creatinase enzyme with the presence and absence of gold nanoparticles at excitation wavelength of 295 nm showed a decrease in fluorescence intensity in the presence of gold nanoparticles.

The induction temperature of 28°C in the TB medium provides a more active and more concentrated enzyme. Also, the presence of gold nanoparticles reduced the fluorescence intensity of the creatinase enzyme, which could indicate a change in the fluorescent amino acid microenvironment of the creatinase enzyme structure.

Among the people at risk of being injured in traffic accidents are Armed Forces personnel who can, directly and indirectly, affect their long-term physical and mental health of them. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of disability of Traffic Police personnel following traumas caused by traffic accidents in Tehran, Iran.

This is a cross-sectional study. The statistical population of this study was 404 cases of traffic police personnel from the beginning of 2016 to November 2021, their disability was confirmed and registered by the Traffic Police Headquarter of Tehran. The causes of disability of the injured people were examined in terms of the physical dimension. Inferential statistics were used to describe the demographic characteristics and to examine the relationship between variables also logistic regression test was used in entering style at a significance level of 0.5. Data in this study were analyzed using SPSS 26 software.

From the 404 employees of traffic police in the study of demographic findings, 401 people were male and 3 people were female with a mean age of 36.05±7.88 years. The highest type of physical injury that caused disability was related to musculoskeletal pain of the upper extremity (35.9%) and the lowest type of injury was related to lung injury (0.2%). The most common musculoskeletal injuries of the upper extremity occurred in the arms (26.06%) and the lower extremity was in the legs (13.85%). Also, the number of injured people decreased with increasing the record of service history and age of police traffic personnel.

The most common type of physical injury and disability of traffic police personnel is related to musculoskeletal injuries in the upper and lower extremity, so by adopting protective equipment for these areas, we can reduce this type of injury.

One of the most important factors affecting physical performance and performance of job duties in military students is diet and its content. This study aimed to compare the content of the diet and nutritional and physical needs of officer students and provide appropriate nutritional solutions.

The present study is a descriptive-survey study whose population was students of a military university in Tehran, Iran in 2020. 120 people were selected by random sampling. To evaluate the studied variables, food frequency questionnaire FFQ (with 24-hour food recall) and physical activity questionnaire in three days, and N4 Food Processor software was used. The obtained data were analyzed using a t-test in SPSS 20 software at a significance level of less than 0.05.

The results of the present study showed that the age, height, weight and body mass index of the samples were respectively 21.36±8.2 years, 169.64±45.10 cm, 73.34±74.6 Kg and 25.47±37.2 Kg/m2. The number of carbohydrate, sodium and fat intake was higher than the amount required by the body, while the amount of protein intake was less than the estimated amount for the students of the officer's university, which was significantly different from the current standard (p=0.001). Also, the number of received calories, the amount of energy expenditure, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin B12, vitamin E, vitamin C, calcium, magnesium, and zinc received by students are statistically and significantly lower than the values of existing standards and the amounts of micronutrients required to perform the activities properly (p=0.001).

The student diet needs modifications such as improving the quality and quantity of the diet, adding small snacks, adding dairy products, as well as some fresh fruits and vegetables.

One of the most important factors affecting physical performance and performance of job duties in military students is diet and its content. This study aimed to compare the content of the diet and nutritional and physical needs of officer students and provide appropriate nutritional solutions.

The present study is a descriptive-survey study whose population was students of a military university in Tehran, Iran in 2020. 120 people were selected by random sampling. To evaluate the studied variables, food frequency questionnaire FFQ (with 24-hour food recall) and physical activity questionnaire in three days, and N4 Food Processor software was used. The obtained data were analyzed using a t-test in SPSS 20 software at a significance level of less than 0.05.

The results of the present study showed that the age, height, weight and body mass index of the samples were respectively 21.36±8.2 years, 169.64±45.10 cm, 73.34±74.6 Kg and 25.47±37.2 Kg/m2. The number of carbohydrate, sodium and fat intake was higher than the amount required by the body, while the amount of protein intake was less than the estimated amount for the students of the officer's university, which was significantly different from the current standard (p=0.001). Also, the number of received calories, the amount of energy expenditure, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin B12, vitamin E, vitamin C, calcium, magnesium, and zinc received by students are statistically and significantly lower than the values of existing standards and the amounts of micronutrients required to perform the activities properly (p=0.001).

The student diet needs modifications such as improving the quality and quantity of the diet, adding small snacks, adding dairy products, as well as some fresh fruits and vegetables.

The role of the wives in caring for the veterans and dealing with their issues and prob - lems, as well as playing different roles in the family, including being a wife, mother, and raising children put a lot of pressure on them. This can threaten their safety and mental health and have adverse effects on their families. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investi - gate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on security and mental health of veterans’ wives.

This research is a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of this study was all the wives of veterans hospital - ized in Niayesh Hospital in Tehran, Iran. 30 people were selected by available sampling and randomly divided into experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The Maslow Psycho - logical Security Questionnaire (1992) and the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (2008) were used for collecting data. In the Mental Health Questionnaire, a lower score indicates high - er mental health. Data analysis was performed by the statistical method of analysis of covari - ance in SPSS 25 software.

For 30 veterans’ wives, the research data were analyzed in experimental and con - trol groups with a mean age of 48.5±4.61. In the pre-test, the mean scores of psychosocial and social security and mental health in the control and experimental groups were not much different from each other, but in the post-test for the experimental group were respectively 33.05±4.24 and 54.05±4.54, and for the control group 29.95±3.31 and 57.30±4.65 were ob - tained. The results showed that acceptance and commitment therapy affected psychosocial and social security and mental health of veterans’ wives with statistical power above 0.999 (p<0.01) and increased psychological and social security and decreased scores of mental health in veterans’ wives.

Acceptance and commitment therapy increases the psychosocial and social se - curity and mental health of veterans’ wives.

Ethanol is a strong pro-oxidant that causes cellular oxidative stress and damage, and it has a disruptive effect on cognitive abilities that can be caused by tissue damage. In this study, the tissue effects of ethanol alone and along with probiotic consumption were investigated on parts of the gray and white matter of the brain that are located in the vicinity of the lateral ventricles.

This experimental and case-control study was performed in the Physiology Research Laboratory of Islamic Azad University of Arak, Iran. 32 male wistar large rats (12 weeks) with an average weight of 250-300 grams were randomly divided into four groups of eight: (I) Negative control group: Mice were nasogastric tubed with only one milli - liter of phosphate buffer, (II) Probiotic group: 10 9 cfu/ml lactobacillus casei were nasogastric tubed for two months, (III) ethanol receiving group: ethanol at a concentration of 2g/kg, in - jected intraperitoneally for 30 minutes daily, (IV): probiotic-ethanol group: initially probiotic 109cfu/ml lactobacilli casei was nasogastric tubed for two months and ethanol injection at a concentration of 2g/kg was performed simultaneously in the last five days of the period. Histopathological study and analysis were performed using the H&E staining technique after sacrificing mice. Prism-GraphPad 9 software was used to analyze the data and charts. Groups were compared by one-side ANOVA and Tukey test was used to determine the differences be - tween each group.

The microscopic study showed observable pathological changes in the ethanol group (p<0.01). This group showed the highest injury due to vasogenic edema with Vir - chow-Robin space tension, hydrostatic edema, central chromatolysis, ischemic neuronal in - jury, and glial cell accumulation compared to the negative control group (p<0.0001). Tissue injury in the ethanol-probiotic group was15 to 25% reduced compared to the ethanol group (p<0.01). Healthy groups that receiving only probiotics had a healthy tissue pattern.

Probiotic supplement compensates for ethanol-induced tissue injury in the cor - tical and subcortical regions adjacent to the brainstem.

Behavioral problems in childhood and adolescence can be a background for delinquen - cy and antisocial behavior in adulthood. The present study aimed to determine the mediating role of disengagement in relationships between Childhood Maltreatment and Peer Rejection with Conduct Disorder Signs in Adolescents.

The method of this study is a descriptive correlation. The statisti - cal population of this research was all the students of the first and second courses of Urmia city in the academic year of 2019-2020. 220 people were selected by multi-stage random sampling method and to the self-report version of the abilities and problems questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha 0.78), childhood trauma scale (Cronbach’s alpha 0.83), peer social rejection scale (Cron - bach’s alpha 0.95) and apathy scale Ethical (Cronbach’s alpha 0.91) answered. For data analy - sis, structural equation modeling was used in the form of SmartPLS 3 software.

220 people with an average of 16.15 years and a standard deviation of 1.54 partici - pated in this research. The results of structural equation modeling showed that the direct path coefficients of childhood maltreatment (p<0.001; β=0.38) and moral apathy (p<0.001; β=0.40) were significant. Also, the direct path coefficients of childhood maltreatment (p<0.001; β=0.42) and peer rejection (p<0.01; β=0.23) on moral apathy were significant. In addition, childhood maltreatment and peer rejection had an indirect effect on conduct disorder symptoms through the mediation of moral apathy.

These results show that in addition to the direct effect of childhood maltreat - ment on conduct disorder symptoms, moral apathy acts as a mediator, and the effects of child - hood maltreatment and peer social rejection on conduct symptoms. The results of this study can be used in the design of preventive programs and early intervention in behavioral disor - ders.

The Central Venous Catheter, which is inserted into the femoral, jugular, and subclavian veins, is mostly used in intensive care units for multiple purposes (hemodynamic monitoring, medication administration, intravenous feeding, dialysis, etc.). In general, catheter placement, especially sub - clavian vein catheterization, has complications in critically ill children. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of using the supraclavicular method in subclavian vein catheterization in children hospi - talized in ICU.

This is a retrospective study on the pediatric patients whose ages were between one month to 18 years old; and who were admitted to the medical pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of Namazi Hospital in Shiraz, Iran, from 2019 to 2020 (20 months) for whom a central venous catheter was placed in the subclavian vein through a supraclavicular approach. Then complications such as hemorrhage, arterial perforation, pneumothorax, and failure of this method were recorded and examined by reviewing special forms in the medical record .

During 20 months, 282 patients were included in this study which 45.7% were girls and 54.3% were boys. The mean age of the samples was five years and one months with a standard devi - ation of 5.4 years and 95% of the patients were intubated. In 280 patients, catheterization (99.3%) was successful and in our study, the overall rate of subclavian vein catheterization was 0.7%. The only reported complication was pneumothorax and no other complication was observed.

Subclavian vein catheterization through the supraclavicular method can be a suit - able method for central venous access in children, even in patients with mechanical ventilation show that in addition to the direct effect of childhood maltreatment on conduct disorder symptoms, moral apathy acts as a mediator, and the effects of childhood maltreatment and peer social rejection on conduct symptoms. The results of this study can be used in the design of preventive programs and early intervention in behavioral disorders.

The degree of seriousness of the control areas is low in dealing with those who do not follow wearing helmet legislation. The purpose of this study was to explain the proposed solutions to solve the problem of implementing the wearing helmet legislation from the perspective of control areas and motorcyclists.

This is a retrospective study on the pediatric patients whose ages were between one month to 18 years old; and who were admitted to the medical pediatric in - tensive care unit (PICU) of Namazi Hospital in Shiraz, Iran, from 2019 to 2020 (20 months) for whom a central venous catheter was placed in the subclavian vein through a supraclavicular approach. Then complications such as hemorrhage, arterial perforation, pneumothorax, and failure of this method were recorded and examined by reviewing special forms in the medical record .

The experiences of 20 male participants; 9 people from the control areas, 4 univer - sity faculty members, 3 traffic police, and 4 motorcyclists were registered. The results showed that the solutions for implementing the wearing helmet legislation with four categories names: Hard, correction, support, and soft solutions and14 subclasses and 54 codes were formed .

The use of hard solutions such as the diligence and seriousness of the control areas in implementing the wearing helmet legislation and corrective solutions such as drafting new laws and amending existing laws, supporting solutions such as supporting the police and motorcyclists, and finally soft solutions such as education and cultural creation and the use of mass media are effective in implementing these laws .

It seems necessary to carry out intervention programs to control bullying. The current re - search aimed to investigate the effectiveness of communication skills training on social adaptation and responsibility of bully girl students in Karaj.

This research is a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all 10th-grade bully girl students from the area 2 of Karaj city in the academic year 2018-2019 among which 30 stu - dents who had a high score in the bullying questionnaire and a low score in the California accountability questionnaire and Sinha and Singh’s social adjustment were randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups with 15 people. The communication skills training program was implemented in 10 sessions in the experimental group. Data analysis was done using descriptive methods and analysis of covariance in SPSS 23 software .

The age of the experimental and control groups was between 16 and 18 years. The average post-test scores of the experimental group were 16.20±2.18 and responsi - bility 25.13±3.81, which had an increase compared to the pre-test scores (11.87±2.07 and 13.60±2.99, respectively). There was a statistically significant difference in the two groups (p<0.05). Communication skills training in the experimental group could explain 75% of the variance of the dependent variable (p˂0.001; F=66.980; Eta=0.713).

Communication skills training can be used as a suitable intervention method to help the adaptation process and responsibility in students

Regular physical activity has many benefits for mental health. The purpose of the current re - search was to determine the level of physical activity of the employees of the Greater Tehran police headquarter and also to investigate the relationship between physical activity and the quality of life-related to health and well-being, emphasizing gender differences.

This research is descriptive correlation and uses the structural equation method. 186 employees of the Greater Tehran police headquarter were selected as the statistical sample of the research in 2021. Physical activity indicators using the interna - tional physical activity questionnaire (reliability coefficient 0.92), quality of life-related to health using the SD-12 questionnaire (reliability coefficient 0.88), and well-being using the adult well-being assessment questionnaire (reliability coefficient 86 0) were measured. Pear - son’s correlation test, structural equations, and independent t-test were used for data analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26 and Lisrel 8.8 software .

93 people of the studied samples were from police stations, 71 people were from traffic police and 22 people were from the Greater Tehran Police Headquarter. The average body mass index of men and women was 23.80±1.36 and 22.63±1.75, respectively. The level of physical activity of men and women was lower than the value recommended by WHO, how - ever, men had a significantly higher level of physical activity than women (141.02 vs. 122.52 minutes per week for men and women, respectively). In total, 54% of men and 52% of women had moderate to intense physical activity. Also, physical activity had a positive and significant relationship with quality of life (t=4.84) and well-being (t=7.04) in the police command staff. The results of the model fit showed that the research model had a good fit (RMSEA=0.07).

Physical activity has a positive effect on the psychological components of police headquarter officers. The use of solutions and interventions to improve the physical activity status of management employees, especially women, is a special feature

The correct use of biometric evidence has a special place in crime detection due to the importance of identifying criminals. The purpose of this research was to investigate the challenges of using biometric evidence in identity detection.

The current research is a descriptive survey in terms of type and method, applied in terms of purpose, and a documentary survey in terms of data collection, which was conducted in 2020. The sample studied in this research included detectives and investigation police officers of Gilan province in Iran with at least 5 years of executive experience. A researcher-made questionnaire was used as a research tool. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and the reliability of the questionnaire was obtained at 0.951 by calculating Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. For data analysis, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, T-test, and one-way analysis of variance were used with Version 3 of Smart PLS software .

In this research, 84 detectives and investigation police officers of Gilan province (14 women and 70 men) participated 23 of them had a high school diploma, 19 of them had an associate degree, 38 people had a bachelor’s degree, and 4 people had a master’s degree. The effect and t-value of the variable of providing organizational financial resources were respectively 0.817 and 12.78, the provision of expert human force were respectively 0.658 and 9.24, and also the training of human force were respectively 0.508 and 6.27 in the use of biometric evidence in identity detection. Spearman’s correlation coefficient investigating the relationship between the use of biometric evidence and human force training was 0.482, with the allocation of financial resources 0.353, and with the lack of human forces, it was 0.519 (p<0.001). The results of the research showed that the variables of human resources training with an average rating of 1.35, allocation of human forces with an average rating of 2.46, and shortage of human forces with an average rating of 2.19 were effective in the use of biometric evidence.

The studies show the effectiveness of all three independent variables of the challenges of providing organizational financial resources, providing expert human force, and human force training on the variable of using biometric evidence.

The family is the most important element of a society that is responsible for providing proper and appropriate health care to the patient and those around the patient. Familycentered care includes family assessment, family participation in care, and information exchange between the treatment team and the family. The present study was conducted to review recent studies in the field of family-centered care approach .

In this review study, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and SID, and Magiran databases were used. The keywords used from 2000 to 2021 included family-centered approach, family-centered care, and family-based care. To select related articles, the article quality tool called Prisma Checklist was used. Repeated and unrelated cases were excluded from the study after the initial screening. Ethical standards were observed in all stages of the research and there was no bias or interference by the researchers during conducting the research.

Out of the 265 studies that were found after extensive searching and screening, 100 studies were reviewed and analyzed based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria for data extraction. According to the findings of these studies, the effects of the family-centered approach included increasing the quality of life, increasing the satisfaction of patients and families, improving the clinical results of infants, and reducing the stress and anxiety of patients and families.

By reviewing recent studies and considering that this approach is low-cost and available and has positive effects, therefore, this approach can be used as a scientific solution for greater participation of patients and their families in rehabilitation and medical centers in Iran.

Modern wound dressings are made and used in the form of foam, film, hydrocolloid, and hydrogel. This research aimed to compare the effectiveness of chitosan in the form of film and hydrogel on burn wounds in an animal model.

The present study is an experimental intervention type among the Wistar male rat model, which was conducted in the Islamic Azad University of Karaj, Iran in the winter of 2020. The dressing was prepared in the form of film and hydrogel based on chitosan. 36 rats were divided into three groups: negative control, hydrogel, and film. After wound formation on days 3, 7, 14, and 21, healing was investigated by histological and molecular methods. The results were analyzed using SPSS21 as well as non-parametric tests .

36 male Wistar rats weighing 200 to 250 grams were tested and the results showed that the percentage of wound healing was the same in the groups until the third day, and on the 7th and 14th days in the film group respectively, 56.55±3.16 and 76.66±4.04 percent and in the hydrogel group it was 60.66±2.51 and 88.33±2.08 percent which showed a significant difference (p-value =0.002) compared to the negative control group (20.55±2.81 and 50.33±5.85 percent). In the histological examination, 100% of the film group and 66.7% of the hydrogel group had moderate and complete epithelium on the fourteenth day; the healing process by examining the collagen matrix and angiogenesis also showed a better effect of chitosan in both forms of intervention. Better control of inflammation in the film group compared to other groups was evident in the examination of inflammatory cells. In the molecular study, an increase in IL-8 gene expression as a factor involved in causing inflammation was observed in both film and hydrogel groups until the third day, and a decrease on other days; there was no significant difference in the expression of IL-10 gene, which inhibits inflammation, between the two forms of film and hydrogel (p-value=0.07), although there was a significant difference with the negative control.

Considering the ease of application and maintenance of the film form and better control of inflammation, it seems that the film form is preferable to the hydrogel.

The risk factors for the death of covid-19 patients are not fully identified, and an accurate and robust risk assessment tool is needed to assess the prognosis of patients that is easy and affordable to implement. The purpose of this study was to compare the findings of the first Complete Blood Count in patients diagnosed with Covid-19 who were discharged with a favorable general condition, compared to those who died in the hospital.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 213 patients with a definite diagnosis of covid-19. The findings of the first CBC were compared to estimate the survival of discharged and deceased patients. Data were analyzed by using Medcalc.20.013 software .

The frequency of death was 35.2%. The increase of White Blood Cells in predicting death had a poor diagnosis (Receiver Operating Characteristic = 0.66). Hemoglobin decreases in predicting death had no diagnostic power (ROC=0.58). Platelet augmentation was not effective. The increase in Mean Corpuscular Volume had poor diagnostic power (ROC=0.60), but the decrease in lymphocytes in predicting death had good diagnostic power (ROC=0.70). An increase in Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in predicting death had good diagnostic power (ROC=0.70). The increased platelet-lymphocyte ratio in predicting death had poor diagnostic power (ROC=0.67). The increase in Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index in predicting death had poor diagnostic power (ROC=0.68).

The results of this study showed that based on the first findings of the CBC test, three factors for predicting the risk of death, increased neutrophils, decreased lymphocytes, and increased Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio were identified with good diagnostic power, which indicates the diagnosticity of this test in predicting the tensity and survival of covid-19 patients.

Gram-positive bacteria, especially gram-positive cocci, such as coagulase-negative staphylococci and staphylococcus aureus, are necessary pathogens in the hospital, including urban hospitals and field hospitals during war and natural disasters. Gram-positive organisms have highly variable growth and resistance patterns. Incorrect use of broad-spectrum antibiotics increases hospital-acquired infections. This study aimed to investigate the frequency, risk factors, and antibiotic resistance pattern of hospital infections caused by grampositive cocci during 2014-2020 in Mustafa Khomeini Hospital in Iran.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 263 patients with at least one positive culture of gram-positive cocci bacteria. These patients were hospitalized in the adult departments of Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran from April 2014 to April 2020. Isolates were separated by laboratory tests and were evaluated by the standard disc-diffusion antibiotic sensitivity and resistance method. Data were analyzed using Medcalc 20 statistical software .

The results of this study showed that the coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolate was in the first rank with 36% infection. The highest risk factor for this bacterium was the vascular catheter. Staphylococcus aureus ranked second with 33% of infections and the most common cause was the endotracheal tube. Enterococcus isolates ranked third with 25% of cases, and the most common cause was urinary catheters. The best drugs affecting gram-positive cocci were vancomycin and ciprofloxacin, and the most resistance was seen in erythromycin, amikacin, and clindamycin. High length of hospitalization and hospitalization department were effective risk factors.

According to the results of the study, the use of effective antibiotics based on the patient’s antibiogram can be useful in improving the effectiveness of the treatment.

One of the important factors in the implementation of the duties of the physical security forces is having the necessary physical fitness and the absence of disorder in the stature structure. The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the musculoskeletal condition and physical fitness of physical security personnel and providing suitable solutions for exercising.

The physical security forces of Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan in Iran were the statistical population of this descriptive-survey research in 2021. To measure anthropometric items, body composition analysis device (Body Composition) was used to measure flexibility by sitting and reaching hands test, to measure muscle strength by Sargent’s jump, to measure cardiac and respiratory fitness by modified Bruce test, and to diagnose skeletal and muscular abnormalities by New York test. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS 20 software at a significance level of less than 0.05 .

30 men with an average age of 45.76 ± 5.69 years participated in this study. Findings related to musculoskeletal disorders showed that Personnel had have Droopy shoulder syndrome (66.6%), lordosis (73.3 %), scoliosis (30%), Genu Varum (16.6%), Torticollis (23.3%), lordosis (43.3%), humpbacked (36.6%) and flat feet (15%). Body fat percentage, body mass index, and waist-to-hip ratio were in the high and dangerous range and had a significant difference from the normal values of these indicators (p<0.001).

According to the findings of musculoskeletal disorders among personnel and also the lack of proper physical fitness related to health in physical security forces, movements and exercise to strengthen these factors are needed.

Conflict is one of the main factors of inefficiency and psychopathology in families. Resilience is one of the skills that can help couples to increase compatibility and solve problems. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of Adlerian and emotion-focused therapy on the resilience of women with marital conflict.

The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretestposttest by the control group, and a 3-month follow-up. The first experimental group received 10 90-minute sessions of Adlerian intervention and the second experimental group received 10 90-minute sessions of emotion-focused therapy, but the control group did not receive any intervention. To collect data, the questionnaires of Sanai Zaker et al.’s marital conflicts (2008) and the resilience scale of Connor and Davidson (2003) were used. Data analysis was done using ANOVA with repeated measures and Bonferroni’s post hoc test using SPSS 24 software .

Demographic studies on 60 samples showed; the F statistic obtained from the comparison of the frequencies of the three groups in the age variable (F=0.374) was not statistically significant (p>0.689) and this result indicated that the three groups were equal in terms of age. The results showed that both the mentioned treatments in the post-test and follow-up stage compared to the control group had significant effectiveness on resilience increase at the statistical power level of 0.999 (p-value=0.001). In addition, the results of Bonferroni’s post hoc test showed that Adlerian intervention was more effective in increasing resilience at the same level of statistical power of 0.999 (p-value=0.001).

Adlerian intervention by emphasizing gaining insight leads to changing the behavior of women with marital conflicts. this change includes simple behaviors resulting from observational learning, imitations, and complex behaviors such as lifestyle. So, the application of Adlerian intervention can increase the resilience of women with marital conflicts by increasing cooperation and transforming the unreconciled methods.

Shift work has physiological and psychological consequences for people by causing disturbances in sleep and wakefulness. This issue can also disrupt the functioning of the relevant organization. Considering the duties of the Police Headquarter of the Islamic Republic of Iran, This study aimed to compare job burnout and happiness and their subscales in shift work and office workers of this command in Ahvaz city in Iran.

TThis descriptive-analytical research is a comparative causal type. The statistical population of the present study was all shift work and administrative personnel of the Police Headquarter of Ahvaz city in Iran in 2019, who were identical in terms of social, economic, gender, and other influencing factors. 50 shift workers and 50 office workers were selected by cluster random method. Then the subjects answered the Meslech Burnout questionnaire (1981) and Oxford Happiness Inventory (1989), and the data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) using SPSS 21 software .

100 people participated in this research in the age range of 21-45 years and with an average age of 29.77±5.46 years. The results of the present study showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups of shift and office workers in terms of job burnout and its two components, namely emotional exhaustion (F=7.14; p=0.009) and depersonalization (F=7.33; p=0.008). =p), but there was no significant difference in the component of feeling of low personal accomplishment (F=2.08; p=0.152). Also, the results of the present study showed that between the two groups of shift and office workers in terms of happiness, there was a significant difference in four of its components, i.e. life satisfaction (F=6.97; p=0.010), positive emotions (F=8.31; p=0.005), health (F=6.23; p=0.014) and efficiency (F=7.96; p=0.006), but there was no significant difference in the self-esteem component (F=1.71; p=0.193).

The level of job burnout and happiness in shift workers is higher and lower, respectively, compared to office workers.

Drug addiction is a recurring chronic mental illness associated with severe motivational disorders and loss of behavioral control. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of meditation training on psychological well-being, emotional regulation, and sleep quality of prisoners addicted to industrial drug abuse.

The current study is semi-experimental, using a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of this research was all the clients of the vocational training and occupational therapy camp of West Azerbaijan in Iran in 2022. They were addicted to the abuse of industrial drugs (920 people). Thirty people were screened according to the entry and exit criteria and placed in groups of 15 people by simple random method. One group was named the meditation therapy group, and one group was called the control group. The meditation instruction manual of Lotfi Kashani, Mofid, and Sarfaraz Mehr (2013) was used to teach meditation in eight 60-minute sessions. The Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire of Garnofsky (2002), Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire (1995), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire (1989) were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using the inferential, univariate analysis of covariance using SPSS 26 software .

In The research results showed that the experimental group’s average age was 39.23±6.04 and of the control group was 42.4±7.59 years. There was no significant relationship between the two groups regarding age (p=0.125). Also, the findings of the research showed that the effectiveness of meditation training on psychological well-being (p<0.05), emotional regulation (p<0.05), and sleep quality (p<0.05) of prisoners with industrial drug abuse was positive and significant.

Meditation training increases the mental well-being, emotional regulation, and sleep quality of prisoners addicted to industrial drug abuse.

Identifying and using effective exercise methods is essential to people’s health, especially military personnel. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effect of eight weeks of CrossFit and high-intensity interval training with physical fitness training on health and functional factors (arterial oxygen saturation, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular endurance, speed, and agility) of military students.

This research was conducted experimentally with a pre-test and posttest design among students in their second year of afsari university in iran in 2021. Forty volunteer students participated in the study selected by available sampling. The samples were randomly divided into four groups as crossfit training (10 people), high-intensity interval training (10 people), combined crossfit and high-intensity interval training (10 people), and physical fitness training (10 people). Each training group participated in an eight-week training program that included four sessions per week. In order to estimate the factors of saturation of peripheral oxygen percentage (SPO 2 ), maximum oxygen consumption (VO 2 max), muscle endurance, speed and agility, pulse oximeter, queen college step test, sit-up test, 45-meter speed, and agility test were used respectively. Spss 20 software was used to analyze and perform statistical tests at a significance level of 0.05.

The in-group results showed that the maximum oxygen consumption, percentage of blood oxygen saturation, muscle endurance, agility and speed in the HIIT, CrossFit and HIIT+ CrossFit groups were significantly different compared to the pre-test as HIIT+ CrossFit, CrossFit and HIIT group were respectively the most effective compared to physical fitness training (p<0.05). Also, the comparison between groups showed that the maximum oxygen consumption in the groups of physical fitness with CrossFit and physical fitness with HIIT+ CrossFit had a significant difference (p<0.001). Blood oxygen saturation percentage (p=0.006), speed (p=0.024), agility (p=0.001) and muscle endurance (p=0.002) were significantly different between physical fitness and HIIT+ CrossFit groups .

In general, according to the results of the present study, CrossFit and HIIT exercises probably have a better effect on the health factors and performance of military students than common physical fitness training .

The medical staff are always fighting against diseases and are in contact with the patients, and psychological helplessness, including depression and anxiety, has been reported in many staff working on the front lines of fighting diseases. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between health-promoting lifestyles and illness anxiety with the mediating role of perceived stress in the medical staff of Al-Ghadir Hospital.

The current research is an applied and descriptive correlational type in terms of nature. The statistical population of this research was the medical staff of Al-Ghadir Hospital in Tabriz, Iran, in 2022 (315 people). The statistical sample of the research was determined by using a simple random sampling method of 236 people. In this research, three standard questionnaires, including the Taylor and Cox (1998) illness anxiety scale, Cohen et al.’s (1983) perceived stress questionnaire, and Walker et al.’s (1997) health-promoting lifestyle questionnaire, were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using partial least squares path analysis with PLS-3 software.

Descriptive findings showed that 188 participants (79.7%) were female, and 48 (20.3%) were male. The test of the research model showed that the structural model of the relationship between health-promoting styles and illness anxiety with the mediation of perceived stress had a good fit. Model analysis showed that in the direct path, health-promoting lifestyles had a negative and significant relationship with illness anxiety (β=0.144; t=2.418), and indirectly, the relationship between health-promoting styles and illness anxiety through the mediating variable of perceived stress was negative and significant (Z=3.541). Perceived stress explained the relationship between health promotion style and illness anxiety by 47% (VAF=0.47).

The findings of this research showed that perceived stress could negative and significantly mediate the relationship between health-promoting styles and illness anxiety in a selected sample of people referring to Al-Ghadir Hospital in Tabriz, Iran.

The covid-19 pandemic was very impressive on the performance and efficiency of all healthcare centers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the covid-19 epidemic on the performance and efficiency of the hospitals of the police by the Pabon Lasso model.

This applied study is descriptive-analytical. This study was conducted in four non-specialized military hospitals using data from 2019 to 2021 in military hospitals in the cities of Tehran, Mashhad, and Kerman in Iran. The data relating to the functional indicators of bed occupancy percentage, average patient stay, and bed turnover rate were collected by referring to the medical records units of the hospitals. After comparing the standards of the Ministry of Health, the Pabon Lasso model was used to measure the performance. SPSS 22 software and paired t-tests were used to perform statistical analysis.

The study’s general results showed that the average bed occupancy rate and bed turnover in all hospitals before the covid-19 pandemic were 75% and 73%, respectively, which were higher than national standard and in favorable condition. Although after the pandemic of covid-19, the average occupancy of hospital beds and the length of stay of patients were 70% and 3.8 days, respectively, which were in poor condition and less than the national standard, and the results indicated a significant effect of the pandemic on hospital indicators (p<0.05). Also, the results of examining the efficiency of hospitals using the Pabon Lasso model showed that two hospitals were in the efficient performance area before the pandemic. However, after the pandemic, all hospitals were in inefficient areas.

The Covid-19 pandemic harmed the performance and efficiency indicators of hospitals. Therefore, planning to improve performance indicators and increase the efficiency and effectiveness of hospital activities should be at the top of the plans.