جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « peripheral blood smear » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

To gain insight into the pathogenesis and clinical course of COVID-19 from a historical perspective, we reviewed paraclinical diagnostic tools of this disease and prioritized the patients with a more severe form of disease admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). The objective was to better predict the course and severity of the disease by collecting more paraclinical data, specifically by examining the relationship between hematological findings and cytological variation of blood neutrophils and monocytes. This retrospective study was conducted on 112 patients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to Imam Hossein Hospital (Tehran, Iran) from August to September 2020. Peripheral blood smears of these patients were differentiated according to several cytological variations of neutrophils and monocytes, and the correlation to the severity of the disease was specified. The mean percentages of degenerated monocytes, degenerated granulocytes, and spiky biky neutrophils were significantly different among critical and non-critical patients (P<0.05). Degenerated monocytes and granulocytes were higher in critical patients as opposed to spiky biky neutrophils, which were higher among non-critical ones. Comparing the peripheral blood smears of COVID-19 patients (regarding pulmonary involvement in chest computed tomography [CT] scans [subtle, mild, moderate, and severe groups]), the twisted form of neutrophils was significantly higher in the subtle group than in the mild and moderate groups (P=0.003). Different cytological morphologies of neutrophils and monocytes, including degenerated monocytes, degenerated granulocytes, and spiky biky and twisted neutrophils, could help to predict the course and severity of the disease.

Erythrophagocytosis refers to the removal of old and damaged red blood cells by leukocytes and macrophages. Observation of erythrophagocytosis in peripheral blood smear is a rare phenomenon that is mostly observed in paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria and sporadically in some other pathological conditions. Here, we report a case of erythrophagocytosis by monocyte in peripheral blood of a patient with urinary tract infection.

Most commonly assessed Platelet indices include the mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR), and the plateletcrit (PCT). The platelet behavior is often unpredictable and complicated in Iron Deficiency Anemia. High MPV and low PDW were reported in patients with leukemia. The present study aimed to evaluate the significance of platelet parameters in anemia and leukemia cases.

 A cross-sectional and observational case-control study was carried out at a teaching hospital of Andhra Pradesh. We measured the platelet indices using an automated counter. Laboratory data from 200 patients of anemia and leukemias were analysed.

 Hematological disorders such as anemia in 168 cases and Leukemia in 32 cases were recorded. Platelet parameters specifically platelet count (PC), MPV, PDW, and P-LCR were significantly lowered in acute leukemia patients than them of the control group. In chronic leukemia (both CML & CLL) patients, all the platelet parameters such as mean platelet component (MPC), MPV, PDW, and P-LCR were found to be higher than them of the control group. In the majority of chronic leukemia cases, platelets on PBS were discrete (81%) and hypogranular (55%). Inverse relationship noted between MPV and PC among anemic patients. PC in acute leukemia (both AML & ALL) patients was lower than that of the control group. PDW was significantly lower in acute leukemia patients compared to that in the control group. P-LCR was also found to be significantly lower in the acute leukemia group compared to the control group. The PC was higher and the MPV was lower in the anemic group compared to the control group.

 In chronic leukemia patients, all the platelet parameters such asPC, MPV, PDW, and P-LCR were found to be significantly higher than them of the control group. PC was higher and the MPV was lower in the anemic group compared to the control group. All the platelet parameters such as MPV, PC, PDW, and P-LCR were significantly lower in acute leukemia patients compared to them in the control group, in contrast with chronic leukemia patients where the parameters were significantly higher compared to them in the control group.

Elevated nucleated red blood cell (NRBC) count is introduced as a potential marker of intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR). To investigate the probable association regardless of any known underlying disease, we aimed to study disturbances in NRBC count in infants experiencing idiopathic IUGR. Twenty three infants regarded IUGR without any known cause were chosen to be compared to 48 normal neonates. Blood samples were collected instantly after birth and the same measurements were done in both groups. NRBC count/100 white blood cells was significantly higher in the IUGR group (P value<0.001). pH measurements did not reveal any significant difference. Increased NRBC count in cases of idiopathic IUGR in absence of chronic hypoxia could strengthen its predictive value suggested in previous studies. It could help early IUGR detection and beneficial intervention.

Microscopy of Giemsa-stained thick and thin peripheral blood smear (PBS) remains as the standard laboratory method for the diagnosis of symptomatic malaria. This study was done to compare PBS with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for detecting asymptomatic malaria parasitemia.Patients and Blood samples were collected from 900 asymptomatic school children between 7-11 years old in one of the provinces in the South of Iran. All 900 students were negative for plasmodium vivax and plasmodium falciparum by PBS. PCR method detected DNA of P. vivax in 10 blood samples (1.1%). Specificity and negative predictive value of PCR method was respectively 98.89% (95%CI: 98.0-99.5%), 100% (95%CI: 99.6-100%) compared to PBS as the gold standard method. As there was no positive case by PBS method, calculation of sensitivity, positive predictive value and likelihood ratios of the PCR method was not possible. In comparison to PBS, expensive and prolongation PCR method is not suitable and cost effective for identification of malaria infection in asymptomatic.