جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « pharynx » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The aim was to determine the effect of first premolars extraction with maximum incisor retraction on airway magnitude and hyoid bone position in cases with bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion.

Lateral cephalograms of patients with Class I skeletal and dental relationships were retrospectively recruited. Inclusion criteria were 15-30 years old patients having bimaxillary proclination who had undergone all first premolar extractions with maximum incisor retraction.  Patients with dentofacial anomalies, chronic mouth breathing and those who had undergone tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy were excluded. Pre-and post-treatment lateral cephalograms were digitally analyzed for airway measurements and hyoid bone position. Paired samples T-test was used for statistical analysis. P-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

A total of 33 patients, comprising 22 females and 11 males, with a mean age of 24.39 ± 6.92 years were included. Statistically significant differences were found in airway dimensions from pre-treatment to post-treatment; upper airway size between soft palate and posterior pharyngeal wall (SPP-SPPW) was reduced by 1.91mm (12.78%), at uvula & middle posterior wall (U-MPW) by 2.51mm (20.60%), at tongue base to posterior-inferior point on middle pharyngeal wall (TB-TPPW) by 3.39mm (24.26%) and vallecular to lower pharyngeal wall by 1.51mm (9.94%). The vertical position of hyoid bone also significantly reduced as indicated by inferior movement of hyoidale (H) by 4mm (3.8%). There was no significant changes in the horizontal position of the hyoid bone.

Premolar extraction with maximum retraction in bimaxillary protrusion cases can decrease the airway dimension and increase vertical position of hyoid bone.

This study sought to compare the changes in the pharyngeal airway space, hyoid bone position, tongue, soft palate, and retro-lingual soft tissues following three different orthognathic surgeries on class III patients.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 75 skeletal class III patients. The predictor variable was the type of orthognathic surgery namely mandibular setback, maxillary impaction & mandibular setback and maxillary advancement & mandibular setback (25 patients in each group). The primary outcome variables were the dimensions of the pharyngeal airway space and retrolingual region, measured preoperatively and at least one year postoperatively. Cephalometric landmarks were also measured. Pre- and post-operative cephalograms were superimposed based on the S-N line with registration at the S-point.

When considering the changes in the whole sample (75 cases), significant changes were found in oropharyngeal length (UMPW, VLPW), tongue height (H-VT), horizontal position of vallecula (V_C3) and horizontal position of the hyoid bone. The only significant difference noted, was the tongue height and vertical position of hyoid between the three groups.

Orthognathic surgery significantly affects the oropharyngeal space and position of the tongue and hyoid bone. The three types of Orthognathic surgeries on class III patients caused different effects on oropharyngeal space, tongue and hyoid position with a significant impact on tongue height in maxillary advancement plus mandibular setback.

Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) is an autoimmune vesiculo-bullous disease of skin and mucous membrane associated with benign and malignant neoplasm. Most common malignancies associated with PNP are hematologic and lymphomatoid. Association of oral PNP with squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx is very scarce, very few cases are reported, and also the cases of PNP are usually refractory to the treatment mainly those associated with hematologic. Here we reported a case of oral paraneoplastic pemphigus with squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx that resolved on its own after completion of treatment of pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.