جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « phosphorus » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

 End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is a severe nephrological condition that can lead to permanent kidney damage. Therefore, early disease diagnosis is key to preventing casualties. The gold standard method of diagnosis tends to evaluate changes in sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, urea, creatinine, and parathormone hormones in blood after dialysis. However, serum evaluation is not always possible or easy for patients. Therefore, saliva evaluation has been proposed in recent years as an alternative.

 The current article aims to evaluate metabolite in the saliva of ESRD patients.

 In this descriptive-analytical study, 29 ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment were selected. Their saliva and serum samples were taken. The number of biochemical factors, including sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, urea, creatinine, and parathormone hormone, was measured with an autoanalyzer device and related kits. Finally, the correlation of parameters in serum and saliva was examined using the Pearson test.

 The results showed a significant positive relationship between the levels of sodium, urea, and creatinine in serum and saliva samples (P < 0.05). On the other hand, there was no significant relationship between the serum and saliva levels of potassium, calcium, phosphorus, and PTH (P > 0.05).

 Due to the significant correlation between some prominent biochemical factors in saliva and serum after hemodialysis in ESRD patients, saliva could be considered a non-invasive diagnostic fluid for monitoring kidney disease in the future.

Hyperphosphatemia is an independent risk factor for mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effect of Sevelamer on serum phosphorus levels in CKD and hemodialysis patients.

The data were obtained after searching the international databases of Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Google Scholar search engine until February 28, 2023. The heterogeneity of articles was assessed using the I2 index. The data were analyzed in STATA 14, and P values < 0.05 were considered significant.

A total of 22 articles were assessed with a total sample size of 3221. Sevelamer reduced calcium levels in CKD and hemodialysis patients compared with those in the comparison group (standardized mean difference [SMD]: -0.67; 95% CI: -1.23, -0.11); however, sevelamer had no significant effect on serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (SMD: 0.07; 95% CI: -0.39, 0.54) and Ca × P product (SMD: -0.20; 95% CI: -0.41, 0). A significant decrease in serum phosphorus level was observed in patients who had taken sevelamer for a maximum of 12 weeks compared with the comparison group (SMD: -0.27; 95% CI: -0.54, -0.01); however, no significant decrease in serum phosphorus level was observed in patients who had taken sevelamer for more than 12 weeks. A significant decrease in serum phosphorus level was observed in sevelamer users compared to placebo group members (SMD: -0.36; 95% CI: -0.68, -0.05).

The administration of sevelamer reduced serum phosphorus levels in CKD and hemodialysis patients compared with those in the placebo group in the short term. Therefore, physicians are recommended to prescribe sevelamer for a maximum period of three months. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO website (ID: CRD42023406804).

Urinary stone disease (USD) refers to the presence of stones or salt crystals within the urinary tract, with calcium stones accounting for approximately 80% of cases. Increased urinary calcium and phosphorus excretion predispose individuals to urinary stones, with hypercalciuria being the most significant risk factor. Vitamin D plays a pivotal role in modifying urine calcium and phosphorus excretion, and it enhances calcium and phosphorus reabsorption in the kidneys. Urinary stone disease is a recognized risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and may also lead to life-threatening complications such as perinephric abscesses, urosepsis, and urinary tract malignancies. The role of serum vitamin D and its effects on serum calcium and phosphorus in urinary stone formation have been subjects of controversy.

This study aims to evaluate the associations between serum calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels and urinary stones.

This retrospective study involved two groups of 90 patients, one with urinary stones and the other without. Demographic and biochemical data, including serum calcium, phosphorus, and 25-(OH) vitamin D levels, were recorded for all patients. Patients were categorized into four groups based on their serum vitamin D levels: Excess, sufficient, insufficient, and deficient. The presence and characteristics of urinary stones were assessed using non-contrast CT scans.

The mean age of the patients was 54.62 ± 15.46 years. Laboratory investigations revealed mean serum calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels of 9.56 ± 0.65 mg/dL, 3.53 ± 0.79 mg/dL, and 25.05 ± 12.96 ng/mL, respectively. This study demonstrated a significant correlation between serum calcium levels and the maximum diameter of urinary stones (correlation = 0.313, P-value = 0.005). No other significant associations were found between serum calcium, serum phosphorus, and serum vitamin D levels and the number of kidney stones, stone laterality, and type of kidney stone. There was also no significant difference between the two groups.

In conclusion, the role of serum calcium, phosphorus, and 25-(OH) vitamin D levels in urinary stone formation remains controversial. This study suggests that there is no significant association between serum calcium, phosphorus, or 25-(OH) vitamin D and urinary stones, except for a positive association between serum calcium and the diameter of the stone.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Contradictory findings are available regarding the effects of changes in electrolytes in patients with an AMI.

We aimed to investigate the effect of electrolyte changes on the 3-month outcome.

A total of 168 patients with AMI managed at Dr. Heshmat Hospital in Rasht, Iran, were investigated in this prospective cohort study by a census method. AMI was confirmed by biochemical, electrocardiographic, or angiographic evidence. Electrolyte serum levels, demographic characteristics, myocardial infarction type, ejection fraction (EF), and underlying diseases were collected in a checklist in the early hours after each patient entered the hospital. Information about patients’ outcomes and echocardiographic data were collected after three months. All data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.

Out of 162 patients with AMI, most (44%) were aged between 50 to 59 years, and 76.8% were men. In all models, the odds of non-recovery remained constant with increasing electrolytes. On uni-variable and multi-variable models, sodium showed a significant positive association with initial EF (unstandardized coefficient = 0.8 in both uni-variable and multi-variable models, approximately), and phosphorus displayed a significant negative association with initial EF (unstandardized coefficient = -4.5 in both uni-variable and multi-variable models, approximately). There was no significant association of electrolytes with follow-up EF in all models.

In this study, the phosphorus and sodium serum levels were significantly related to the initial EF. However, none of the studied electrolytes impacted the 3-month outcome in AMI patients.

The objective of this study is to determine the effect of mango leaves in preserving the varied concentrations of metals (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus) present in two tomato varieties in Sokoto, Nigeria. After the application of different mango leaves extracts in the postharvest preservation of Daneka tomato fruits in a randomized control design, and atomic absorption spectrophotometry of macro elements; the most elevated concentrations noticed significant difference at (p<0.05) were revealed in potassium (1.20±0.002 to 3.00±0.001 ppm), and calcium (1.27±0.003 to 2.15±0.002 ppm). The lower levels of metals noticed upon storage under mango leaves are revealed by phosphorus (1.10±0.002 to1.37±0.002 ppm), and sodium (0.90±0.001 to 1.30±0.001 ppm); and the least was revealed by magnesium (0.61±0.001 to 0.86±0.001 ppm). The different concentrations of elements upon addition of mango leaves in the postharvest preservation of UTC tomatoes in Sokoto, Nigeria show, the elevated concentrations revealed by phosphorus (2.5±0.001 to 3.8±0.004 ppm), potassium (2.00±0.001 to 2.99±0.001 ppm), and magnesium (1.01±0.001 to 2.59±0.001 ppm). The lower concentrations were observed in calcium (1.34±0.001 to 1.70±0.001 ppm), and sodium (0.55±0.005 to 1.80±0.002 ppm). The mango leaves possessed potential to preserve the Na, K, Ca, Mg, and P levels in tomatoes; thus could serve as cheap, accessible, and sustainable preservative in the state when improved.

There are many articles in the literature about the importance of 25-(OH) vitamin D3 in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cases. However, there is no consensus on 25-(OH) vitamin D3 to predict the prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 cases. Additionally, phosphorus, which has an important role in the cytokine storm, contributes to poor prognosis in SARS-CoV-2 cases.

This study aimed to examine phosphorus and 25-(OH) vitamin D3 levels to predict the prognosis of COVID-19.

A total of 230 SARS-CoV-2 cases and 230 healthy people were included in this study. ROC curve analysis was performed for combined evaluation of phosphorus and 25-(OH) vitamin D3 levels.

In the ROC curve analysis, the area under curve (AUC) was 0.9282, the sensitivity was 92.70%, and the specificity was 92.80%. Phosphorus and 25-(OH) vitamin D3 levels showed negative correlations with procalcitonin, ferritin, D-dimer, C-reactive protein, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, and monocytelymphocyte ratio.

Low phosphorus and 25-(OH) vitamin D3 levels may be indicators for poor prognosis in SARS-CoV-2 cases. Conversely, normal phosphorus and 25-(OH) vitamin D3 levels may be indicators for a good prognosis in SARS-CoV-2 cases.

Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. It is the most common chronic metabolic bone disease. The purpose of this study was to compare the level of bone metabolic markers including parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium, and phosphorus between female basketball players and non-athlete females.

Twelve female professional basketball players (aged 20-35 years) of the Super League of Golestan Province (Iran) were enrolled as the experimental group. Fifteen age-matched non-athlete females were also selected as the control group. Plasma levels of PTH, ALP, calcium, and phosphorus were compared between the study groups.

The levels of PTH (p=0.004) and ALP (p=0.001) were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. The levels of calcium and phosphorus did not differ significantly between the study groups (p>0.05).

Based on the results, it could be stated that performing weight-bearing sports activities such as basketball can improve the density of bone minerals and the factors stimulating bone formation.

Since the identification of COVID-19, its various manifestations have been reported in numerous studies. However, few studies have specifically examined the electrolyte imbalances seen in this disease. Patients with a definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted to our hospital entered this retrospective cross-sectional study. Upon admission of the patients, a blood sample was sent for the analysis of the electrolytes. The relationship between electrolyte imbalances and disease severity, ICU admission, and mortality was also stated. Of 1072 hospitalized patients studied, 657 were men, and 415 were women. The prevalence of hypocalcemia (47.7%), hypophosphatemia (21.1%), hypomagnesemia (15.8%), and hyponatremia (13%) was higher compared to other electrolyte imbalances in these patients. Lower levels of sodium, calcium, and magnesium were seen in severe cases, while higher serum levels of potassium and phosphorus were detected in severe cases and ICU hospitalized patients. Causes such as albumin decrease in inflammation, the role of PTH, and the effect of vitamin D can play a role in hypocalcemia in these patients. In addition, electrolyte loss from the digestive tract can contribute to electrolyte imbalances. Because of the high prevalence of electrolyte imbalance in these patients, electrolyte monitoring is recommended in COVID-19 patients to ensure better care.

Complete or partial obstruction to the urine's flow can cause gradual and cumulative kidney damage, and this is what is known as obstructive uropathy (OU). The obstruction could be caused by a problem with one or both ureters, and it could occur close to or far from the bladder neck (such as in the urethra). Multiple research have sought to understand the origins and implications of obstructive uropathy, which is a primary cause of renal failure. Fibroblast growth factor23 (FGF23) Osteocytes and osteoblasts create this phosphaturic hormone, which binds to FGF receptors via the transmembrane protein Klotho. Specifically, FGF23 inhibits sodium/phosphate cotransporters NaPi2a and NaPi2c, which in turn inhibits renal phosphate reabsorption, by targeting the renal proximal tubule and decreasing calcitriol synthesis. FGF23 also inhibits the synthesis and secretion of parathyroid hormones by the parathyroid glands. Calcitriol, phosphate, and parathyroid hormone are all involved in the control of FGF23 at the cellular and molecular levels. More FGF23 is found in rare hereditary and acquired illnesses, but chronic kidney disease is also linked to an increase in FGF23 as a reaction to Hyperphosphatemia. However, Increased levels of FGF23 have been associated to deterioration of chronic kidney disease. Whether FGF23 is linked to renal impairment and an increased risk of death .The study's objective was to take measurements of serum level of Fibroblast growth factor- 23 (FGF-23) and phosphorus in people suffering from obstructive renal failure and healthy control subject and to assess the relation of each of them. The study involved collecting blood samples from 100 volunteers, 50 healthy subjects (38 men and 12 women), (34 men and 16 women) suffering from obstructive renal failure.age was (15 –65) years BMI with (18.5-24.9) Kg m-2. Patients were subjected to Kidney Surgery Department at Hillah Hospital from The period from1st of December, 2020 to 1 of June, 2021. The findings revealed statistically significant variations (P<0.0001) in the serum FGF23 level between obstructive renal failure group (501.3±230.89 Pg ml-1) compared with control group (119.63±29.8 Pg ml-1). P = <0.001 for Phosphorus obstructive renal failure group (2.01±0.76 mmol L-1) compared with control group (0.68±0.39 mmol L-1).The results of levels of Hemoglobin& GFR in the of people with obstructive renal disease were significantly lower than healthy people and significantly, as the value of P <0.05. The level of occurrence of The Fibroblast growth factore23 & phosphors is higher in patient with obstructive renal failure than those healthy control, The FGF23 could be served as a diagnostic marker in obstructive renal failure patients to predict the possibility to develop chronic kidney disease, The occurrence of obstructive renal disease at a large rate in old age and in men more than women.

Pre-transplant serum phosphorus level is shown to be associated with some transplant outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, its association with Delayed graft function (DGF) has an aura of ambiguity. DGF means either the patient needs dialysis during the first week after transplantation or the creatinine level is ≥ 3. This study was aimed to assess the relationship between pre-transplant serum phosphorus levels with DGF.

A total of 306 patients, who had undergone kidney transplantation in the Montaserieh organ transplantation hospital in Mashhad, Iran, during 2016 to 2019; were enrolled in this study. Demographic data and clinical characteristics of patients including dialysis type and duration, donor type, medications, pre-transplant serum levels of calcium, phosphorus and DGF development were measured. Then, all patients were divided into five groups according to their serum phosphorus: P < 3.5, 3.5 ≤ P < 5.5, 5.5 ≤ P < 7.5, 7.5 ≤ P < 9.5, and P ≥ 9.5 mg/dL. The association with DGF was evaluated by statistical analysis.

Patients age ranged from 18.00 to 64.00 years old, with an average of 37.08 ± 10.9. About 55.6% of them were men, and 26.1% came up with DGF. Among patients with DGF, 36.25% were recipients with pre-transplant phosphorus level of 3.5 ≤ P < 5.5 and 50% of 5.5 ≤ P < 7.5.

Our study suggested that pre-transplant serum phosphorus might be associated with an increased risk of delayed graft function. Further studies are needed to assess, whether adjusting serum phosphorus level before kidney transplantation could reduce delayed graft function or not.

Background:

Evaluation of salivary biomarkers is a non-invasive, convenient, and economical method for diagnosing many diseases Evidence shows that salivary biomarkers and periodontal disease might be correlated This study was conducted to evaluate phase I periodontal therapy’s effect on salivary concentrations of calcium, phosphorous, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP).

Methods:

In this descriptive, analytical study, 16 patients were selected from those referred to the Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, using convenience sampling Salivary samples were collected using the drooling method The salivary concentrations of calcium, phosphorous, and ALP were measured immediately after saliva collection, before the first phase of periodontal therapy and one month later, using a colorimetric assay The data were analyzed with SPSS using paired t-test P<005 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

 The salivary concentrations of calcium, phosphorous, and ALP were 668, 2057, and 4831 mg/dL, respectively, before and 715, 2251, and 4037 mg/dL, respectively, after phase I periodontal therapy There were no significant differences between the salivary levels of calcium, phosphorous, and ALP before and after phase I periodontal therapy (P>005).

Conclusion:

This study revealed that the salivary concentrations of calcium, phosphorous, and ALP remained relatively unchanged after phase I periodontal therapy.

One of the most important problems of dams is thermal layering which directly affects the water quality. This study was performed to propose a solution to increase the water quality of the Esteghlal Dam reservoir in Minab, Hormozgan.

The water quality of Esteghlal Dam was evaluated from 2016 to 2018. During this period, 18 samples were collected from three different points of the dam. The parameters of water temperature, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, nitrate, phosphate, turbidity, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total hardness, anions and cations, total phosphorus, physicochemical, and microbial parameters were measured according to the method recommended in the standard method book. The obtained data were used as the input for the model of reservoir water quality (CE-QUAL-W2) to simulate reservoir water quality and predict the thermocline cycle. Finally, by plotting hypolimnion oxygen content against time and finding the slope of regression line using the data, the hypolimnetic oxygen demand (HOD) was obtained.

The findings showed that the anaerobic condition occurred in the hypolimnion layer during summer. Furthermore, it was revealed that the HOD of Esteghlal Dam is about 6 g of oxygen per square meter per day in the current situation.

Considering the dam’s conditions and its anaerobic problems, a hypolimnetic oxygenation system is proposed as a structural solution for this reservoir. Then, conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) profiles and monitoring data were used for the oxygen supply model of plume. The reservoir was predicted after calculating the amount of oxygen required using the equations governing linear oxygen supply systems and the plume model.