جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « physicochemical » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Ferula assa-foetida is an endemic medicinal plant of Iran. Its oleo-gum resin or assafoetida gum (AG) is an important herbal product whose standardization is important to ensure effectiveness and safety.

Due to the lack of accurate and complete data about Iranian AG, the objective of this study is to extend the available knowledge by reporting some physicochemical and phytochemical properties of an Iranian AG sample.

Organoleptic properties were determined by sensory evaluation. Total ash, acid-insoluble ash, dry residue as well as total phenolic and flavonoid content were measured by accepted methods to determine some physicochemical and phytochemical properties of AG. Analysis of its essential oil by GC/MS as well as microbial load assessment were performed.

The AG was a yellowish brown mass with a sulfur-like pungent odor similar to garlic, with total ash and acid-insoluble ash of 2.83 % and 2.06 %, respectively, and a dry residue of 3.43 %. Total phenol content was 4.15 ± 0.26 mg gallic acid equivalent/g in dry AG. (E)-1-Propenyl sec-butyl disulphide, (Z)-1-propenyl sec-butyl disulphide, and 2,4-thiazelidinedione were the major essential oil component of this oleo-gum resin. Microbial load was in acceptable range according to Pharmacopeia.

The current findings provide data on some of the physicochemical and phytochemical properties of Iranian AG which is applicable for completing current knowledge. Although more information is needed for establishing Iranian AG standardization criteria, which will be obtained from more extensive researches.

Cuscuta chinensis L. is a widely used medicinal plant with little data on its standardization. This study aims to contribute to the efficiency and safety of its use by preliminary investigation on its physicochemical and phytochemical characteristics.

The extract was concentrated at low temperature to prepare a dry powder. Sensory evaluation was used to determine the organoleptic characteristics. Then the percentage of total ash, ash insoluble in acid and dry residue was measured by Pharmacopeia method. Total phenol and total flavonoid content as well as rutin content were measured by HPLC spectroscopic methods. The total number of microbes and the presence of the main pathogens were also investigated.

The dried aqueous extract of C. chinensis was a powder with a brown color, herbal odor, the amounts of total ash and acid insoluble ash were28.16, 9.1%, respectively, and the amount of dry residue was 05.7%. The amount of total phenol content was 55.61 ± 9.02 mg Gallic acid/g and the amount of total flavonoid was 25.27 ± 1.2 mg Catechin/g. The total number of live bacteria, fungi, and yeast was less than 10 cfu/ml, and the sample did not contain the main pathogens under investigation.

The results of this study provide data on some physicochemical properties of C. chinensis extract that were not available in other resources. However, in order to achieve accurate standardization criteria, more information is needed, which can be obtained from more extensive research.

Pre-ozonation in water treatment is used for various purposes such as; improving the coagulation process, reducing the production of trihalomethanes, color removal, removal of iron and manganese, control of microorganisms, and removal of organic matter. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the effects of pre-ozonation on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of drinking water.

This study on a real scale was conducted on the pre-ozonation unit of the Koohsabz drinking water treatment plant for 6 months. In this study, sampling of raw water entering the pre-ozonation unit and ozonized water was done randomly with glass sampling containers. 4 samples per month and a total of 24 samples were taken to evaluate the trends of changes in the parameters. The necessary tests according to the method presented in the standard method book (twentieth edition) on the samples have been done to investigate the effects of pre-ozonation on the physicochemical and biological parameters.

The studies showed that the turbidity and TOC (Total Organic Carbon) removal efficiency in the pre-ozonation process of the Koohsabz drinking water treatment plant was about 62% and 18. 83%, respectively, and it has no effect on pH. Also, the removal rate of Fe and Mn in the pre-ozonation process was 91.5 and 82%, respectively. Evaluate the effectiveness of pre-ozonation in watercolor removal showed that, by increasing the dosage and the concentration of ozone injection, significant changes did not occur on further reduction of color and color precursors and the removal rate of color precursor compounds, such as the chlorophyll a, is about 21%.

The results indicated that ozone could not change any physical parameters such as pH and color, but it has a significant effect on the chemical properties and reduced biological parameters by about 21%.

Compost production is a biological treatment process of organic solid wastes that are used to recovering and volume reducing waste and stabilization programs. The aim of this study was to compare physicochemical and microbiological parameters between compost and vermicompost producing through windrow method from aerobic digestion sludge of Hamedan wastewater treatment plant.

By using the Windrow method, act to produce compost from the sludge of excreted bed of dryer sludge (lagoon) of Hamedan wastewater treatment plant and mixing with bulk materials. At the same time with this activity, vermicompost production from excreted sludge carried out by using Eisenia fetida for 15 weeks. All statistical analyses were done by SPSS software.

There is no significant difference in C/N ratio, pH, moisture, ash, organic matter and sodium parameters between compost and vermicompost, but there is a significant difference in Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb, Zn and temperature, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, total and fecal coliform parameters between compost and vermicompost producing from aerobic digestion sludge. Also, the average concentrations of heavy metals in both compost and vermicompost produced from aerobic digestion sludge were lower than the MPC established by EPA.

Concentrations showed that Ni and Pb, C, N, P, Mg values and microbial population of fecal coliform in producing compost is more from vermicompost and Ni and Cu, Cd, Zn amounts and microbial population of total coliform in producing vermicompost is more from compost producing. Therefore, it is concluded that both compost fertilizers could be appropriate quality for agricultural and horticultural uses.

Immunoglobulins (Igs) are defensive glycoproteins specifically recognize and destroy pathogens. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is most abundant Ig in serum has important protective role against infections. Fragment of crystallizable (Fc) in IgG has essential role in pathogens destruction. Determination the physicochemical properties of IgG Fc is useful in well recognition of its function, diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Bioinformatic is an efficient scientific field uses abundant biological information collected in computers for solving biologic problems. Aim of this study is recognition physicochemical features of human IgG Fc by bioinformatic.

Amino acid sequence and third structure of reference human IgG were found in PDB (Protein Data Bank)  database. Second IgG structure was determined by Protein Homology/analogY Recognition Engine V 2 (Phyre 2) software. Physicochemical properties (felexibility, accessibility and hydrophilicity) of IgG Fc fragment were identified by IEDB (Immune Epitope Database) software.

According to results of this study, most accessibe, hydrophilic and felexible sites of IgG Fc fragment were located to 200 – 450 amino acid sequences. Moreover most accessibe, hydrophilic and felexible positions were overlapped in 291- 300 and 381- 405 amino acid sequences and could be most probable locations of epitopes.

Physicochemical properties of IgG Fc fragment identified in present study are valuable in more exact recognition of IgG functions and its immunogenic epitopes which could be helpful in producing of specific monoclonal anti IgG antibodies for production IgG diagnostic tools, optimizing existing kits, development of similar proteins for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes and phylogenic studies.

Sufficient sources of water with acceptable qualities are vital for human survival. Health development and environmental protection have been always depended on providing healthy water supplies. The purpose of this study was to determine the physiochemical status of drinking water sources in Asadabad city during 2011-2018.

This descriptive study investigated 19 parameters of  physicochemical quality of water taken from General Office of Water and Wastewater of Hamedan Province in 2011- 2018 and 32 samples taken in 2018 from 8 underground water sources. Finally, the data were analyzed by descriptive statistical tests (compared with the national standards of Iran).

The results showed that the average  pH was 8.30±0.37, turbidity 0.77±0.5 NTU, temperature 9.12±2.20 C, electrical conductivity 418.5±307.22 microseisms per cm, total soluble solids 236.25±174.5 mg/l, total hardness 214.12±162.13 mg/l calcium carbonate, total alkalinity 186.63±21.77 mg/l calcium carbonate, nitrate 15.66±25.85 mg/l, nitrite 0.280±0.110 mg/l, fluorine 0.53±0.22 mg/l, chlorine 36.37±85.63 mg/l, sulfate 14.5±13.49 mg/l, carbonate 2.75±18.64 mg/L, bicarbonate 133.25±56.58 mg/L, phosphate 0.20±0.39 mg/L, sodium 0.02±0.028 mg/l, manure 5.5±3.74 mg/l, potassium 0.0 mg/l, and iron 0.072±0.14 mg/ml, which were consistent with the similar results of the past five years.

According to the results, the water samples tested for physicochemical parameters were within the range of Iranian National Standard. However, some chemical parameters have increased in 2018 compared with the past years.
Key words: Physicochemical, Resources, Drinking water, Asadabad
 

This study was funded by Hamedan University of Medical Sciences with the grant number of 9407093794. Conflict of interest: None declared.

The Ethics Committee of Hamedan University of Medical Sciences approved the study (9407093794).How to cite this article: Golzar Khojasteh B , Golzar Khojasteh M, Yary K, Torkaman J. Investigating the Physicochemical Status of the Sources of Drinking Water Supply in Asadabad City During 2011-2018. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2019; 18 (8): 741-52. [Farsi]