جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « rehabilitation » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Auditory processing disorder (APD) tests, based on the deviation of results from standard benchmarks, can distinguish children suspected of having APD. Some of these tests directly relate to the ability to discriminate sound pitch, while others may be indirectly affected. Accordingly, this study investigates the impact of pitch discrimination-based rehabilitation on diagnostic indices of APD tests.

In this study, we selected 19 children suspected of APD who were identified based on tests of pitch pattern, dichotic digits, and monaural selective auditory attention as the intervention group. These children received pitch discrimination-based training, for about three months, two to three sessions a week, each session up to 1 h. After completing the rehabilitation phases, diagnostic tests were administered again. We also selected 26 children with similar diagnostic criteria for APD as the control group. No intervention was applied to this group, and after a comparable period to the intervention group, diagnostic tests were re-administered. The results before and after the interventions were compared within the intervention group and with the 26 children in the control group.

The rehabilitation showed significant improvements in the pitch pattern and monaural selective auditory attention tests. In the monaural selective auditory attention test, significant improvements were observed in both ears (P=0.001). In the pitch pattern test, effective improvements were also observed for both ears (P=0.001). The effects were such that nearly 37% of children suspected of APD, based on the diagnostic criteria used in the study, no longer met the criteria for this disorder. Hence, if the same tests are re-administered to them, these children will be diagnosed as having no auditory processing disorder.

Discrimination-based rehabilitation impacts the results of APD tests. Accordingly, some children who are classified as suspected auditory processing disorder with such tests, are removed from this subgroup after the intervention.

Stroke is a medical condition in which occluded blood flow to the brain causes cell necrosis. The main types of stroke are ischemic (due to lack of blood flow with much higher prevalence) and hemorrhagic (due to bleeding with low prevalence). Ischemic stroke is caused by the reduction of blood to the brain tissue or complete occlusion of brain vessels by a blood clot following arterial plaques rapture of cerebral arteries due to atherosclerosis, cerebral myocardial infarction and small vascular lesion infarction. Inflammatory reactions, increased oxidative stress, cell death and autophagy are the most aggravating factors in this condition. Instead, hemorrhagic stroke is caused by spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage, highly common in men. To prevent the possible causes of stroke, investigators attempted to study about the ways that may decrease the risk factors such as trauma, high arterial hypertension, alcohol, low-density lipoprotein and glycerides, tobacco and drugs. Physical activity is a potent inhibitory factor which reported to be effective in prevention of stroke and post-stroke rehabilitation. Aerobic, combined or strenuous activities protect brain tissue by balancing apoptotic and anti-apoptotic pathways, stimulating angiogenesis, reducing oxidative stress, increasing antioxidant activity, optimizing Integrity and preservation of the blood-brain barrier, improving nerve functions and preventing neuronal death. The mechanisms involved in rehabilitation after ischemic stroke with physical activity mostly refer to improved dendrites and synapses, synaptic flexibility, regulation of inotropic receptors with glutamate, increased BDNF, GAP43 and insulin-like growth factor. In patients with cognitive impairments following acute ischemic stroke, high intensity exercise improves processing timing and attention allocation, self-independence, walking ability, aerobic power and reduces memory degradation. Moreover, early start of physical activity after ischemic stroke inhibits the initial physiological response to stroke and prevents optimal recovery. In contrary, reports show positive effects of onset of physical exercise a day after stroke. In hemorrhagic stroke, exercise reduces systolic blood pressure, moderates resting blood pressure via parasympathetic regulations and triggers angiogenesis in the nervous system. Light to moderate or long-term physical training is recommended in comparison to short-term high-intensity training. In addition, early onset of physical activity during recovery after stroke may be beneficial.

Quitting drugs causes growth and change in different areas of life, including the career path. The present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the career path development and its obstacles one year after addiction rehabilitation.

This study was a qualitative content analysis. The statistical population was all people suffering from substance abuse one year after drug addiction rehabilitation in Shahrekord city in 1400. Based on purposeful and snowball sampling, semi-structured interviews were conducted on the participants and 15 people were selected until saturation was reached. Data analysis was done by content analysis based on the steps suggested by Granheim and Lundman.

The mean and standard deviation of the participants was 9.8 ± 42.6 years. Data analysis led to the emergence of 3 main categories of career development, stability of recovery, barriers to career development and 15 sub-categories including treatment of addiction, determination and determination, compensation for the past, gaining job confidence, job learning, job development, internal motivation, effectiveness and Application of the Narcotics Anonymous program, specific location, external support, financial problems, physical problems, lack of confidence, lack of self-confidence in starting the career path, criminal record.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide special services for skill training and training of necessary job skills for disabled people, and special financial facilities for starting a business should be allocated to these people by banks.

Low back pain is a common problem in world and one of the most common causes of physical disability. The aim of this review study was to investigate the effects of rehabilitation exercises with a central muscle stabilization approach on kinetic, kinematic and electromyographic variables during walking, running, trunk flexion and extension movements in patients with back pain.

Search process for Persian and English articles from the beginning of January 2000 to August 2023 were performed in Google Scholar, ISC, Scopus, Pub Med, WOS, and SID databases. Finally, based on selection criteria, 19 articles were selected for final analysis through detailed reviews. The participants had non-specific back pain. Studies that included exercise protocols and control group were used in the present study. The dependent variables were kinematics and kinetics and muscle activity during transitional movements. Downs and Black questionnaires were used to evaluate the quality of the articles.

The results of four articles showed that rehabilitation exercises with muscle endurance approach can improve the electrical activity of muscles and reduce back pain. The results of seven articles showed that strengthening, stretching and massage exercises can be effective in improving pain through correcting the person's vertical alignment. Other articles in a period of at least eight weeks showed that strengthening the central muscles of the body can lead to neuromuscular adaptation and increase muscle fibers recruitment in patients with back pain.

The present review have shown  that rehabilitation exercises with the approach of strengthening the central muscles of the body can lead to improving the flexibility of the trunk muscles, correcting the person's vertical alignment and reducing the back pain.

children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder face many psychological, social, and academic problems. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of virtual reality-based rehabilitation on the executive functions of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

The current research was quasi-experimental with pre and post-test and control group. The statistical population included all 7 to 12-year-old children suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder referred to Baqiyatallah Hospital located in District 3 of Tehran in 2021-2022, from which 30 people were randomly selected based on available sampling methods. The subjects were assigned to two groups of 15 people, test and control. To collect data, a computerized visual and auditory integration test was used, and data analysis was performed using the covariance test in SPSS-26 software.

The results of the study showed that the rehabilitation treatment based on virtual reality was able to significantly increase the post-test scores of executive functions (selective attention, sustained attention, and response inhibition) in the experimental group, and the largest increase was related to the component of selective attention. has been (P<0.01).

It can be said that rehabilitation treatment based on virtual reality is one of the effective treatments for improving executive functions in children with hyperactivity/attention deficit. Therefore, it is suggested that child health specialists use this treatment to improve the mental, cognitive, and executive status of these children.

children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder face many psychological, social, and academic problems. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of virtual reality-based rehabilitation on the executive functions of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

The current research was quasi-experimental with pre and post-test and control group. The statistical population included all 7 to 12-year-old children suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder referred to Baqiyatallah Hospital located in District 3 of Tehran in 2021-2022, from which 30 people were randomly selected based on available sampling methods. The subjects were assigned to two groups of 15 people, test and control. To collect data, a computerized visual and auditory integration test was used, and data analysis was performed using the covariance test in SPSS-26 software.

The results of the study showed that the rehabilitation treatment based on virtual reality was able to significantly increase the post-test scores of executive functions (selective attention, sustained attention, and response inhibition) in the experimental group, and the largest increase was related to the component of selective attention. has been (P<0.01).

It can be said that rehabilitation treatment based on virtual reality is one of the effective treatments for improving executive functions in children with hyperactivity/attention deficit. Therefore, it is suggested that child health specialists use this treatment to improve the mental, cognitive, and executive status of these children.

The Academy of Medical Sciences of the Islamic Republic of Iran, evaluates the current situation and the challenges of access to rehabilitation aids and technologies, moreover presents suggestions in order to improve in availability of these technologies for patients who in need.

The aim of this research was to compare the vertical, medial-lateral and anterior-posterior components of ground reaction force after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with the healthy individuals during walking.

This was an analytic cross sectional research. The participants of this research included 46 football and volleyball athletes, who were divided into two groups of individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and healthy individuals. A force plate was employed to evaluate the components of the ground reaction force while walking.The data were statistically analysed using independent t test and SPSS version 16 software.

The results related to the vertical component of ground reaction force showed that the participants with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction applied more force to the ground during heel strike and toe-off compared to healthy individuals, although the difference between the two groups was not significant (p=0.09 and p=0.35), but this difference was greater during heel strike. Likewise, the results related to the horizontal components of the ground reaction force showed that participants with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction applied more force to the ground in all horizontal components of the ground reaction force, but the biggest difference between the two groups was in the first 20% of the stance phase and in the posterior (p<0.007) and lateral (p<0.02) directions. This difference between the two groups was significant.

The results of the research showed that the most important difference between the two groups occurred in the first 20% of the stance phase. Although among the 6 measured components, only the posterior (p < 0.007) and medial (p < 0.02) ground force components were significant.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common bone cancers that constantly affect children, teenagers, and young adults. The limitation of the effectiveness of current treatments of this disease has been confirmed. Rehabilitation exercises are one of the methods that are said to have a good effect, but there are few studies about this. Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor that arises from primary bone - forming cells, and the production of malignant bone material is its prominent histological sign. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of combining rehabilitation exercises with vitamin D consumption on the serum level of osteocalcin, insulin resistance, and the function of pancreatic beta cells in patients with osteosarcoma cancer after bone marrow stem cell transplantation.

This study was experimental. Forty female patients with osteosarcoma cancer with a body mass index above 30 kg/m2, age 24.9 ± 4.03 years, height 163.8 ± 3.6 cm, and weight 82.1 ± 4.5 kg were the research subjects. The subjects were randomly divided into four groups (control) (patient - exercise), (patient - exercise - placebo) and (patient-exercise - vitamin D). The training protocol included ten weeks of Pilate’s sports activity, three sessions per week (30 sessions). The weekly supplement group consumed 500 IU of vitamin D for 10 weeks. Data were analyzed using dependent t-test and covariance analysis of variance (P = 0.05).

Rehabilitation exercises combined with vitamin D consumption caused a significant increase in osteocalcin     in control groups (23.7 ± 3.5), patient - exercise (26 ± 14.4), patient - exercise - placebo (26.6 ± 14.1). And patient - exercise - vitamin D (26.4 ± 23.1) and a significant decrease in blood glucose of control groups (82.1 ± 29.9), patient - exercise (72 ± 0.49), patient - exercise - placebo (71 ± 1.32) and patient - exercise - vitamin D (71.5 ± 22.8) of people with osteosarcoma cancer after bone marrow stem cell transplantation. Covariance analysis of the findings of this research showed that rehabilitation exercises along with vitamin D intake caused a non-significant increase in insulin sensitivity in the control groups (36.3 ± 63.4), patient- exercise (37.2 ± 11.2), patient - exercise - placebo(37 ± 2.22) and patient - exercise - vitamin D (37 ± 12.1) and pancreatic beta cell function of control groups (1.5 ± 1.1), patient - exercise (1.1 ± 1.9), patient - exercise - placebo (1.6 ± 1.77) and patient - exercise - vitamin D (1.9 ± 3.2). Also, ten sessions of rehabilitation exercises with vitamin D consumption caused a non-significant decrease in insulin resistance in the control groups (1.2 ± 56.7), patient-exercise (1.7 ± 45.1), Patient-exercise-placebo (12.2 ± 1.3) and patient - exercise - vitamin D (33.3 ± 1.1).

The findings of this research showed that ten weeks of rehabilitation exercises combined with vitamin D intake caused a significant increase in osteocalcin and insulin and a significant decrease in blood glucose in patients with osteosarcoma cancer.