جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « women » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Mothers of children with disabilities experience significant psychological and emotional stress, necessitating a valid and reliable tool to assess their quality of life. This study aimed to determine the psychometric properties and standardize the Quality of Life Questionnaire for mothers of children with disabilities. A cross-sectional study was conducted among mothers of children with disabilities residing in Kermanshah, Iran, in 2022, to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Persian version of the quality of Life Questionnaire. The target population encompassed all mothers meeting these criteria, from which a simple random sample of 379 participants was drawn. The Quality of Life Questionnaire and a perceived social support measure were administered to the study participants. The psychometric properties of the Quality of Life Questionnaire were evaluated using SPSS version 26. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, while content validity was determined through expert judgment and calculated using the Content Validity Ratio and Content Validity Index. The results indicated satisfactory internal consistency, as demonstrated by Cronbach’s alpha (α=0.955) and composite reliability (0.965). All 16 items exhibited excellent item-total correlations (Cohen’s kappa >0.60), suggesting strong internal consistency. Content validity was established through experts panel review (content validity index range: 0.86-1.00). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the construct validity of the questionnaire, and normative data were successfully established. The findings demonstrated that the questionnaire possesses adequate psychometric properties, including reliability and validity, thus supporting its suitability for assessing the quality of life among mothers of children with disabilities.

To comprehend the complex interplay between autism symptoms, family well-being, and maternal coping abilities, it is essential to delve into the relationship between these factors. This study aimed to investigate how maternal resilience influences the connection between the severity of autism symptoms and the overall quality of life (QoL) for families with autistic children. A cross-sectional correlational study was designed to investigate the correlation between variables. The study population consisted of mothers of autistic children aged 4 to 12 years residing in Mashhad, Iran. A convenience sample of 372 mothers was recruited from rehabilitation, educational, and therapeutic centers catering to autistic individuals in Mashhad, Iran between January and March 2023. For data analysis, Pearson correlation and SEM were used, with the aid of SPSS and Amos 24. The mean score for the severity of autism symptoms was 160.26 (±11.66). The mean resilience score was 49.98 (±6.55). Also, the mean score for family QoL was 75.33 (±9.81). The results showed significant direct relationships among the severity of autism symptoms, family QoL, autism symptoms, and maternal resilience in mothers of autistic children (P=0.001). Additionally, the study demonstrated that maternal resilience played a significant mediating role in the connection between autism symptoms and family QoL (P=0.001). The study uncovered a negative connection between the severity of autism symptoms and family QoL, suggesting that more pronounced symptoms can negatively impact family well-being. Additionally, the study found a positive link between maternal resilience and family QoL, indicating that fostering resilience in mothers of autistic children can enhance family dynamics.

Infertility has various psychological consequences. Although previous studies paid attention to the psychological effects of infertility and suggested many interventions for infertile patients’ mental health promotion, the design of self-care interventions and the concept and dimensions of mental health self-care have received less attention. This study was conducted to explore the concept and dimensions of mental health self-care in infertile women.

This study was conducted from November 2021 to February 2022 using the conventional content analysis approach Purposive sampling was performed and continued until reaching data saturation. Semi-structured and in-depth interviews were conducted with 19 participants at the Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center of Babol. The Graneheim and Lundman method (2004) was utilized to analyze the data in MAXQDA version 10 software.

One theme and three categories emerged from data analysis. The emerging theme of “involving in stress coping strategies” consisted of three categories of 1) emotion-focused stress coping skills, 2) treatment and healthcare-seeking behaviours and 3) mental symptoms self-management. The findings revealed that mental health self-care is a set of behaviors adopted by infertile women to prevent the effects of infertility on their mental health and includes strategies such as emotion-focused stress coping skills, treatment seeking, and self-management of mental symptoms.

Infertile women adopt different strategies to deal with mental pressures of infertility. The results that emerged can be applied to the development of interventions that aim to promote mental health self-care behaviors.

Marital burnout significantly affects many women, leading to emotional distress and decreased quality of life. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of resilient dialectical behavior therapy (RDBT) and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) on improving coping strategies and resilience in women experiencing marital burnout. This quasi-experimental study employed a pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up design to evaluate the efficacy of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Relational Dialectical Behavior Therapy (RDBT) in addressing marital burnout among women aged 25-50. The study participants were recruited from counseling centers in Isfahan, Iran, during the Spring of 2023. A convenience sample of 45 women was randomly allocated to three groups: DBT (n=15), RDBT (n=15), and a control group (n=15). The experimental groups received nine weekly, 60-minute therapy sessions, while the control group received no intervention. The Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) were administered at pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. Repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were used to analyze the data, which was processed using SPSS version 27. Both interventions had a significant positive effect on improving coping strategies and resilience in women experiencing marital burnout (P<0.001). At post-test, the RDBT group demonstrated significantly higher levels of problem-focused coping than the DBT group, with mean scores of 16.80 (95% CI: 14.43, 19.17) and 7.20 (95% CI: 4.83, 9.57), respectively. Both groups exhibited decreases in emotion-focused coping, with the RDBT group showing a more pronounced decline (-10.47, 95% CI: -12.83, -8.11) compared with the DBT group (-6.54, 95% CI: -8.91, -4.17). Similarly, the RDBT group demonstrated a greater reduction in avoidant coping (-11.13, 95% CI: -13.59, -8.67) compared with the DBT group (-7.93, 95% CI: -10.3, -5.56). Finally, both groups exhibited significant increases in resilience, with the RDBT group showing slightly higher levels at post-test (33.13, 95% CI: 30.77, 35.49) compared with the DBT group (31.14, 95% CI: 28.77, 33.51). The findings of this study demonstrate the efficacy of both DBT and RDBT in enhancing coping strategies and resilience among women experiencing marital burnout. These results underscore the potential of DBT and RDBT in addressing the psychological challenges associated with marital distress.

Given the profound effects of children’s behavioral disorders, particularly in children with autism, on families, the present study aimed to explore the association between mothers’ distress tolerance and marital adjustment and behavioral disorders (BD) in children with autism in Ahvaz, Iran. This descriptive-correlational study included all children with autism and their mothers registered at the Autism Association of Ahvaz, Iran in 2023. A total of 262 participants were recruited using a convenience sampling approach. Data were collected using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS), and Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS). Data were subjected to Pearson’s correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis using SPSS version 27. The mean scores for child behavioral disorders, tolerance of distress, and marital adjustment were 34.95 (±8.14), 45.29 (±9.86), and 80.23 (±19.15), respectively. Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated a significant inverse relationship between children’s BD and mothers’ tolerance of distress (r=-0.36, P<0.001) and marital adjustment (r=-0.60, P<0.001). Additionally, a significant positive correlation was found between mothers’ tolerance of distress and marital adjustment (r=0.39, P<0.001). The results indicated that mothers’ tolerance of distress and marital adjustment are crucial in alleviating BD in children with autism. Interventions aimed at enhancing mothers’ coping skills and marital satisfaction may be beneficial in improving children’s behavioral outcomes.

Couples diagnosed with infertility encounter a range of stressful experiences including strain on marital and family relationships, changes in sexual dynamics, and other unavoidable challenges. This study aimed to examine the impact of healing codes training on infertility stigma and self-concept among infertile women. This quasi-experimental study employed a three-stage design (pretest, posttest, and follow-up) with two groups (experimental and control). The target population comprised all infertile women seeking treatment at fertility centers in Isfahan, Iran in 2023. A convenience sample of 40 volunteers was selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n=20) or a control group (n=20). All participants completed the Infertility Stigma Scale and the Beck Self-Concept Test at the pretest, posttest, and follow-up stages. The experimental group received 14 weekly sessions of healing codes training (90 minutes per session). The control group was placed on a waiting list. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the data. The healing codes group exhibited a marked decline in infertility stigma scores following the intervention. The pretest mean score of 90.40 (SD=15.42) decreased significantly to 72.80 (SD=11.82) at the posttest and remained relatively low at the follow-up, with a mean of 70.81 (SD=12.69) (P=0.001). Similarly, self-concept scores within the healing codes group demonstrated a notable reduction. The pretest mean was 62.92 (SD=7.44), followed by a decrease to 52.33 (SD=5.17) at the posttest and a minor fluctuation to 52.29 (SD=4.78) at the follow-up (P=0.001). In contrast, the control group exhibited stability in both infertility stigma and self-concept scores across time points. The findings of this study provide compelling evidence for the effectiveness of the healing codes intervention in addressing infertility stigma, and improving self-concept among individuals struggling with infertility.

The Covid-19 pandemic affected all aspects of people’s personal lives and gave rise to the increase major issues such as physical, psychological, and social problems. The literature has reported a relationship between covic-19 anxiety and quality of sexual life. Therefore, the present research was designed to investigate the relationship between Covid-19 anxiety and the quality of sexual life among women of reproductive age during the lockdown.

This is a cross-sectional study. It was designed and conducted on 750 women of reproductive age during the Covid-19 pandemic. Using cluster sampling at comprehensive health centers in Urmia, Iran in 2020. The data collection tools comprised three questionnaires: a demographic questionnaire, a Sexual Quality of Life-Female questionnaire (SQOL-F) and a Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS), which was completed on a self-report basis. The nonparametric statistical test, ANOVA test, t-students and Pearson correlation test were used.

The results revealed a reveres and significant correlation between Covid-19 anxiety and SQOL-F. Furthermore, several demographic characteristics including age, duration of the marriage, having children and education level had a significant relationship with Covid-19 anxiety and the SQOL-F.

Taking into account the Covid-19 anxiety and its effect on the quality of sexual life, professional specialists in the field of preventive medicine and health should pay more attention to these dimensions of life and take crucial and effective measures to improve the sexual life quality and reduce the Covid-19 anxiety.

Chronic pain means having pain for a long time. It lasts longer than the expected recovery time or happens with a long-lasting health problem. The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on women with chronic pain disorder.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest control design and a one-month follow-up. The statistical population of this research included all women suffering from chronic pain disorder in Tehran City, Iran, from July to October 2022-2023. 60 participants were selected using purposive sampling and randomly assigned into two experimental groups and one control group (n = 20 women per group). The first experimental group received ACT (eleventh 90-minute sessions per week), the second experimental group received CBT (eight 90-minute sessions per week), while the control group was on the waiting list. The research instruments included the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2) and the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form (SCS-SF), which were administered before and after the intervention. The collected data were analyzed by the repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) in SPSS software.

ACT and CBT significantly influenced the suppressed anger and enhanced self-compassion of women with chronic pain (P < 0.001).

Findings have shown that ACT and CBT have a positive effect on decreased suppressed anger and enhanced self-compassion in women with chronic pain. Therefore, ACT and CBT methods should be used in special counseling for women with chronic pain in the hospital.

Investigating and recognizing the factors affecting the psychological health of the elderly plays an effective and key role in improving their life. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the role of spiritual capital and sense of coherence (SOC) in predicting the psychological health of elderly women.

The present descriptive correlational research was done on the elderly women covered by the Imam Khomeini (RA) relief committee of South Khorasan Province, Iran, in the fall of 2023. A total of 120 eligible individuals were selected as the research sample using the convenience sampling method. The data collection tools included the spiritual capital scale by Golparvar et al. Antonovsky’s SOC Questionnaire, and the psychological health subscale of the short form of the World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire. For data analysis, the Pearson correlation test and multiple regression were employed using SPSS software, version 24, with a significance level set at 0.05.

The results showed a direct relationship between spiritual capital and SOC with the psychological health of elderly women (P<0.01). The components of spiritual capital explained 55% of the variance in psychological health, while the components of SOC explained 36% of the variance.

Strengthening and placing greater emphasis on spiritual capital and SOC, along with holding educational workshops to increase awareness among the elderly, will provide a foundation for improving psychological health.

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women, with negative impacts on their health and well-being. Women’s perceptions of breast cancer can affect their preventive and screening behaviors. This study aims to survey the perceptions of breast cancer and identify the associated factors among women attending healthcare centers in Tabriz, north of Iran.

The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 372 women aged >40 years referred to healthcare centers in Tabriz city from December 2022 to March 2023. A cluster random sampling method was employed. Data were collected using a sociodemographic form and Taylan et al.’s breast cancer perception scale (BCPS). Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation test, independent t-test, ANOVA, and general linear model were utilized for data analysis in SPSS software, version 16.

The mean total score of BCPS was 65.04±8.60. The perceived fear dimension had the lowest mean score (8.27±4.02). A significant difference was observed in the BCPS score based on the woman’s educational level (P<0.001), the husband’s educational level (P=0.002), the number of children (P=0.04), and the history of a benign change in women’s breast (P<0.001). Based on the regression analysis, women’s educational level (B=-0.13, 95%CI=0.02-0.24, P=0.018) and number of children (P=0.048, B=-0.038, CI=-0.003-0.79) were the predictors of breast cancer perception.

The women in Tabriz City have a relatively low level of breast cancer perception, highlighting the need for targeted educational interventions to improve their knowledge and mitigate their fear. More educational programs are needed for women with low educational levels and a high number of children in health centers to promote their breast cancer perceptions and screening outcomes.

 The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of an educational program on the mammography screening stage of change among rural women with low health literacy.

 In general, 52 rural women participated in this experimental study. The samples were selected using a multi-stage cluster sampling method and divided into two intervention (n=26) and control (n=26) groups. An educational program was implemented for the intervention group for one month. The data collection tool was a valid questionnaire based on constructs of the transtheoretical model (TTM) related to mammography screening, which was completed in the pre-test phase and after three and six months. The data were analyzed using SPSS 16 at the significant level of 0.05.

 There was no significant difference between the control and intervention groups at the pre-test phase (P>0.05). The intervention group demonstrated considerable progress in the stage of change for mammography screening after three- and six-month follow-ups (P<0.001, odds ratio [OR]=2.54). The odds ratio of progress in the stages of change in the intervention group compared to the control group significantly increased after three (P<0.001, OR=4.29) and six (P<0.001, OR=5.45) months of follow-up. In addition, the findings indicated a significant increase in the mean scores of decisional balance, processes of change, and self-efficacy in the intervention group compared to the control group three and six months after the educational intervention (P<0.005).

 The educational program significantly advanced mammography screening stages among rural women with low health literacy. These results highlight the program’s effectiveness in enhancing screening behaviors in this underserved population.

 Understanding the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and depression/depressive symptoms is important in developing strategies to reduce the burden of depression and prevent IPV and its effects.

 This study examined the relationship between IPV against women and depressive symptoms.

 This cross-sectional study conducted on 485 women from January to June 2023 in Turkey. Data were collected using a questionnaire assessing sociodemographic characteristics, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Intimate Partner Violence against Women Scale (IPVAWS). Data were analysed using Student's t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analysis in SPSS 24 software.

 IPV and depression were found in 45.6% and 24.9% of the women, respectively. According to the multiple linear regression analysis, in which sociodemographic variables were controlled, one-unit increase in violence exposure scores increased the BDI scores by 0.49 times (p<0.001).

 Regardless of sociodemographic characteristics, beliefs about violence, and perceived social support, depressive symptomatology increased with increasing IPV exposure in women. Healthcare professionals should keep in mind the possible underlying exposure to intimate partner violence in women with depressive symptoms.

Trichomoniasis is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis, which causes health and emotional damages to the sufferers annually. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of T. vaginalis and its related risk factors among the high-risk women in the city of Karaj, central Iran.

This cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2021 and September 2022. In all 192 samples were taken from high-risk women referred to the center for vulnerable women and also from women in Fardis Prison of Karaj. All samples were examined by culture and microscopic method.

The overall prevalence of T. vaginalis in high-risk women was estimated at 7.8% (15/192). Subgroup prevalence was also assessed according to the severity of symptoms, and no significant association was observed between the prevalence and the symptoms’ severity.

Due to the high prevalence of the parasite among vulnerable/high-risk women, particularly in people with poor socioeconomic conditions, preventive health measures in this high-risk group seem necessary. Nevertheless, given that men have no symptoms but may be carriers of the parasite, the same study is also recommended for men.

Due to the importance of the issue and the fact that up-to-date studies in this topic have not been conducted in Yazd city, the present research was conducted to investigate and determine the intensity and frequency of domestic violence among pregnant women.

This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study and sampling was done by simple random method. pregnant women referred to health centers in Yazd in 2021 participated in the study. For the study, 246 pregnant women were selected from 3 health centers in Yazd city in 2021. The tool used for the study was the standard questionnaire known as the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2). This questionnaire was utilized to assess domestic violence, measures of dispute resolution, and demographic characteristics. After inputting the data into the SPSS version 26, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric statistical tests were used for data analysis.

The results showed that the average age of women was 31.47 ± 7.68 with a minimum age of 17 and a maximum of 55. The severity and frequency of the types of violence were measured, and the types of violence in the extreme state related to physical, mental, sexual, and verbal violence and resulting in physical injury were found to be 10%, 25%, 7%, 10%, and 19% respectively. Violence against pregnant mothers showed a significant relationship with the economic status of the family, the age of the mother's marriage, the education level of the parents, and the duration of their marriage (p<0.001). One of the most important variables affecting the severity and frequency of violence against pregnant women was the economic status of the family (p<0.001).

The findings of this study show a connection between education level, economic status, and the prevalence of domestic violence. It is suggested to prioritize the development of diverse communication and problem-solving skills, as well as education related to family behavior on a wider scope.