جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « IC50 » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »
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Background
β-lactamases (BLs) are the leading cause of antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative bacteria. Metallo-β-lactamases (MBL) play a critical role in hydrolyzing a wide range of β-lactam drugs, including carbapenems. Recent reports have highlighted an increase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa abundance during acute SARS-CoV-2 infections, potentially complicating viral treatment.
ObjectivesThis study aims to present the discovery of novel inhibitors targeting P. aeruginosa Verona integrin-encoded (VIM)-2 MBL using a combination of computational and experimental methods.
MethodsA total of 61 953 natural compounds and captopril (used as a positive control) were screened as potential inhibitors. Additionally, the 3D structure of the enzyme was obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). The most promising compounds were selected through molecular docking, and further analysis of conformational changes in the protein-inhibitor complex was conducted using the GROMACS molecular dynamics package. Enzyme assays were performed to validate the results obtained through molecular modeling.
ResultsTwo compounds, namely ZINC98363781 and indolebutyroyl aspartic acid (ZINC04090499), demonstrated strong inhibitory potential with docking energies of -14.1 and -12.7 kcal mol-1, respectively. Captopril exhibited a docking energy of -10.684 kcal mol-1. Molecular dynamics analysis indicated good stability and flexibility in the studied systems. According to the binding energies calculated by mechanics-Poisson Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA), captopril, ZINC98363781, and ZINC04090499 displayed binding energies of -29.39 ± 5.92 kcal mol-1, -79.74 ± 67.51 kcal mol-1, and -99.65 ± 26.52 kcal mol-1, respectively. Enzyme assays confirmed that the IC50 value of ZINC04090499 against VIM-2 MBL was 25 μM.
ConclusionsOur findings suggest that ZINC04090499 is a promising inhibitor of VIM-2 MBL and warrant further investigation in laboratory studies.
Keywords: Natural Products, Metallo-β-Lactamases, Molecular Docking, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Molecular Dynamics, IC50} -
مقدمه
هدف از این مطالعه بررسی امکان جایگزینی نیتریت سدیم با عصاره گانودرما لوسیدیوم (GLE)در فرمولاسیون مارتادلا بود.
مواد و روش هابدین منظور مقدار نیتریت سدیم مجاز در مارتادلا (ppm120) با عصاره گانودرما لوسیدیوم (GLE) در مقادیر (25، 50، 75 و 100 درصد) به همراه ppm 50 رنگدانه کارمین (CP) و بدون رنگدانه کارمین جایگزین گردید. بنابراین 10 تیمار مطابق با طرح کاملا تصادفی طراحی گردید و میزان فلاونویید، فنل کل، IC50، خصوصیات رنگی b*, L*) , *a)، میکروبی (شمارش کلی میکروبی، کپک و مخمر، کلی فرم ها، کلستردیوم پرفرینجنس ، استافیلوکوکوس اوریوس) آنها در روزهای 1، 25 و 50 ام نگهداری در دمای Cº 4 مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت.
یافته هانتایج نشان داد با افزایش درصد جایگزینی (GLE) به جای نیتریت سدیم و استفاده از (CP) میزان فلاونویید، فنل کل افزایش و IC50 کاهش یافت. با افزایش درصد جایگزینی (GLE) به جای نیتریت سدیم a* ،L* کاهش و b* افزایش پیدا کرد. شایان ذکر است میزان کپک و مخمر و شمارش کلی در تمامی نمونه های مورد آزمون در تمامی بازه های زمانی در محدوده قابل قبول استاندارد ملی ایران (شماره 2303) بود و کلی فرم ها، کلستردیوم پرفرینجنس ، استافیلوکوکوس اوریوس در هیچ یک از نمونه های مورد بررسی در تمامی بازه های زمانی مشاهده نگردید.
نتیجه گیرینتایج این پژوهش نشان داد با استفاده از (GLE) به همراه (CP) به جای تمام یا بخشی از نیتریت سدیم مصرفی در فرمولاسیون مارتادلا می توان جایگزین نمود بدون اینکه اثر نامطلوب بر خصوصیات کیفی و میکروبی محصول داشته باشد.
کلید واژگان: قارچ گانودرما لوسیدیوم, نیتریت سدیم, مارتادلا, خواص میکروبی, فنل کل, فلاونوئید, IC50}IntroductionThe aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of replacing sodium nitrite with Ganoderma Lucidium extract (GLE) in Martadella formulation.
Materials and MethodsIn order to, concentration of sodium nitrite allowed in Martadella (ppm 120) was replaced by Ganoderma Lucidium extract at different concentration (25, 50, 75 and 100%) with 50 ppm carmine pigment (CP) and without carmine pigment. Therefore, 10 treatments were designed according to a completely randomized design and the amount of flavonoid, total phenol, IC50, color characteristics )b*, L*, a*), microbial (total microbial count, mold and yeast, coliforms, Clostridium perfringens , Staphylococcus aureus) were evaluated on the 1st, 25th and 50th days of storage at 4°C.
ResultsThe results showed that with the increase in replacement percentage (GLE) the amount of flavonoid, total phenol increased and IC50 decresed. Also, with the increase of replacement percentage (GLE), a* and L* decreased and b* increased. The amount of mold and yeast and the total count in all the tested samples were within the acceptable range of the national standard of Iran (No. 2303) and coliforms, Clostridium perfringens, and Staphylococcus aureus were not observed in any of the tested samples.
ConclusionThe results of this research indicated that by using (GLE) along with (CP) it can be used instead of all or part of the sodium nitrite used in Martadella formulation might be replaced, without having an adverse effect on the quality and microbial properties of the product.
Keywords: Ganoderma Lucidium mushroom, Sodium Nitrite, Martadella, Microbial Properties, total phenol, Flavonoid, IC50} -
In this study, the biological activities of whole herb extract of a medicinal plant named Smirnovia Iranica were investigated. The extraction was performed using Supercritical CO2 and phytochemical compounds, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant, anti-bacterial, and anti-cancer effect were determined in the extract. Based on the results, high TPC concentration (120.36 mg GAE/100 g FW) and TFC (17.41 mg quercetin/100g FW) were obtained in the extract. Besides, the extract showed significant antioxidant activity (IC50=53.97 µg mL-1). Moreover, the extract showed a notable inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli (MIC=15.63 mg mL-1) and Salmonella enterica (MIC=31.25 mg mL-1). On the other hand, this extract showed the cytotoxic effect on glioblastoma cancer cell lines in the MTT assay. This is the first, yet comprehensive, scientific report about the chemical composition and pharmacological properties of the extract of Smirnovia Iranica whole herb. According to current results, the Smirnovia Iranica extract has excellent antioxidant properties for application as bioactive components for various objects such as as food supplements. The experiment confirmed the efficacy of the extracts as natural antimicrobials and suggested the possibility of employing them in drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by the test organisms.Keywords: Anti-Microbial Agents, Anti-Oxidant effect, Anticancer agent, Smirnovia iranica, IC50}
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مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، سال شصت و پنجم شماره 3 (پیاپی 183، امرداد و شهریور 1401)، صص 1303 -1312
مقدمه :
ملانوم پوستی به عنوان یکی از مهاجمانه ترین انواع سرطان پوست است. این بیماری حدود 75 درصد از کل مرگ و میرهای ناشی از سرطان پوست را تشکیل می دهد و تاکنون درمان قطعی برای آن ارایه نشده است. در نتیجه تشخیص به هنگام و جلوگیری از پیشرفت این بیماری حایز اهمیت است. پژوهش های زیادی برای یافتن روش های درمان و بهبود سرطان ارایه شده است. یکی از جدیدترین روش ها در این زمینه استفاده از فناوری نانو برای تشخیص و مهار سلول های سرطانی است. در این تحقیق تاثیر استفاده از نانومیکروحباب های هوا، اکسیژن و اوزون بر رده سلولی A375 سرطان ملانوما مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است.
مواد و روش هارده سلولی A375 که با غلظتهای مختلف نانومیکروحبابهای هوا، اکسیژن و اوزون تیمار شده اند توسط روش MTT مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته اند. به منظور سنجش زنده بودن سلول ها، به هر چاهک پلیت ماده MTT اضافه شده و سپس پلیت در انکوباتور قرار گرفته است.
یافته هاطبق نتایج این تحقیق کاهش درصد زیست پذیری سلول های سرطانی A375 با افزایش غلظت نانومیکروحبابهای اکسیژن و اوزون پس از 24 ساعت نشان دهنده آپوپتوز بوده و مهار چشمگیری بر رشد این سلول ها داشته است.
نتیجه گیرینتایج حاصل از این تحقیق گویای آن است که نانومیکروحبابهای اکسیژن و اوزون در غلظت های بالا باعث مرگ سلولی رده سلول های A375 می شود. نتایج در این تحقیق کمک خواهد کرد که نقش نانومیکروحباب های هوا، اکسیژن و اوزون در درمان سرطان ملانوما بررسی شود.
کلید واژگان: سرطان ملانوما, نانومیکروحباب های اکسیژن, اوزون و هوا, MTT, IC50}IntroductionSkin melanoma is one of the most invasive types of skin cancer. It accounts for about 75% of all skin cancer deaths and has not yet been definitively treated. As a result, early diagnosis and prevention of the disease is important. Much research has been done to find ways to treat and cure cancer. One of the newest methods in this field is the use of nanotechnology to detect and inhibit cancer cells. In this study, the effect of using Nano microbubbles of Air, Oxygen and Ozone on A375 melanoma cancer cell line was evaluated.
Materials and MethodsA375 cell line treated with different concentrations of Nano microbubbles of Air, Oxygen and Ozone and were evaluated by MTT method. In order to measure cell viability, MTT plate was added to each well and then the plate was incubated.
ResultsAccording to the results of this study, a decrease in the viability of A375 cancer cells with an increase in the concentration of Oxygen and Ozone Nano microbubbles after 24 hours indicates apoptosis and has a significant inhibition of the growth of these cells.
ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that Nano microbubbles of Oxygen and Ozone in high concentrations cause cell death of A375 cell line. The results of this study will help investigate the role of Nano microbubbles of Air, Oxygen and Ozone in the treatment of melanoma cancer.
Keywords: Melanoma cancer, Nanomicrobubbles of Air, Oxygen, Ozone, MTT, IC50} -
BackgroundLeishmaniasis is a global disease that poses a threat to human life and is associated with complications. Current medications have limitations due to serious side effects, costs and drug resistance. Nanotechnology has received increased attention in recent years, owing to its extensive range of applications in various fields including parasitology and its inherent therapeutic properties.ObjectiveThis study was designed to assess the effects of chitosan and chitosan-ZnO nanocomposite interventions on Leishmania major.MethodsIn this study, different concentrations of the nanocomposite were prepared (200, 100, 50 and 25 µg/mL), the parasite was cultured at 24, 48 and 72 h intervals and the viability of promastigotes and nanocomposite toxicity were evaluated by MTT assay. IC50 was determined by counting parasites. The inhibitory effect of the chitosan and nanocomposite were compared with standard drugs using different concentrations.ResultsThe IC50 for nanocomposite after 72 hours were 50 and 10 µg/mL for promastigotes and amastigotes, respectively. In addition, 15% toxicity of nanocomposite on macrophage cells was found. The MTT assay showed 18.54 % promastigote viability after 72 h exposure to 200 µg/mL concentration of nanocomposite. Results showed significant differences between treatment groups as compared to control groups.ConclusionsThe above nanocomposites showed low toxicity and anti-leishmanial effects on both promastigote and amastigote forms. This study revealed anti-leishmanial activities of nanocomposites but further study is needed for in vivo evaluation of nanocomposites application for cutaneous leishmaniasis.Keywords: MTT assay, IC50, Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Leishmania major, Promastigote, Amastigote}
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Background
Malaria is a well-recognized parasitic disease and a serious public health problem worldwide, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas.
ObjectivesThis study was conducted to investigate the antimalarial properties of extracts with different polarities from the various parts of Ecballium elaterium (L.) Rich. (or wild cucumber) as a perennial herbaceous plant growing in Gilan and Azerbaijan provinces of Iran.
MethodsThe air-dried and powdered fruits, seeds, and roots of E. elaterium were extracted using three solvents with different polarities, n-Hexane (n-Hex), dichloromethane (DCM), and methanol (MeOH). The MeOH extract of roots was subjected to fractionalizing by a C18 Sep-Pak cartridge. All extracts and fractions with different polarities were assessed for their antimalarial activity using the cell-free beta-hematin formation test, and the structural groups of the fractions were identified by Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC).
ResultsAccording to our results, the MeOH extracts of the plant’s roots presented considerable antimalarial effects with an IC50 value of 0.124 ± 0.0002 mg/mL. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of root MeOH extract by solid phase extraction (SPE) afforded six fractions. The 20% fraction showed the most potent antimalarial effect with an IC50 value of 0.167 ± 0.002 mg/mL. Moreover, the three fractions of 80%, 60%, and 100% methanol/water demonstrated considerable antimalarial activities. Phytochemical analysis of potent fractions of E. elaterium suggested the presence of flavonoids in 20% and 60% fractions and flavonoids and triterpenoids in 80% and 100% fractions.
ConclusionsAccording to our primary phytochemical investigation on the six SPE fractions, it is recommended to purify the active constituents of the most effective fractions and investigate their biological effects in animal models.
Keywords: TLC, Anti-malaria, Ecballium elaterium, IC50} -
زمینه و هدف
عصاره های گیاهان می توانند میزان بیان ژن ها را در سلول های سرطانی تغییر دهند. تا به حال، مطالعه ای در رابطه با اثر عصاره جلبک ها انجام نشده است. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی میزان تغییر بیان ژن Bax و تعیین مقدار زنده مانی سلول های سرطان مغز تیمار شده با عصاره جلبک دونالیلا سالینا انجام شد.
روش هارده سلولی U87 از مرکز ذخایر زیستی و ژنتیکی ایران تهیه و کشت داده شد. سلول ها به دو گروه تیمار و کنترل تقسیم شدند. عصاره جلبک دونالیلا روی گروه تیمار با غلظت های 0/5 ،1 ،2 ،5 ،10 ،15 ،20 ،50 و 100 میلی گرم بر میلی لیتر تاثیر داده شد و سمیت آن با استفاده از MTT assay سنجیده شد. بیانBax با روشReal time PCR بررسی شد. RNA از سلول های گروه تیمار و کنترل استخراج و cDNA ساخته شد. میزان بیان ژن ها با استفاده ازReal-time PCR و Ct∆∆ مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
نتایجنتیجهMTT نشان داد که IC50 در 48 ساعت تیمار، mg/ml01/10 می باشد. با انجامReal Time PCR مشخص شد که در این سلول ها، میزان بیان ژن آپوپتوزی Bax به میزان 4 برابر (0/001<P) افزایش یافت.
نتیجه گیریتیمار با عصاره جلبک توانست میزان بیان ژن را افزایش داده و سلول های سرطانی را از بین ببرد. پیشنهاد می شود که میزان تاثیر عصاره های سایر جلبک ها در تغییرات میزان بیان دیگر ژن های موثر در آپوپتوز بررسی شود.
کلید واژگان: جلبک دونالیلا سالینا, رده سلولی U87, MTT assay, Real Time PCR, Bax, GAPDH, IC50}Background & AimsPlant extracts can change the expression of genes in cancer cells. Till now, no study has been performed on the effect of algae extract. The aim of this research was to study the changes in Bax apoptotic gene expression in glioblastoma cell line and to determine the rate of cell death in cancer cells treated with Dunalilla salina extract.U87 cell line contains glioblastoma cancer cells as the most acute type of human brain tumor. Several genes, including Bax, play important roles in initiating apoptosis and the expression of Bax decreases during cancer. Today, because of the side effects of chemical drugs, the tendency to use algae and medicinal plants in the treatment of diseases has increased.
MethodsThe U87 cell line was prepared from Iranian Biological Resources Center and cultivated. Cells were divided into two treatment and control groups. Dunaliella extract was affected on the treatment group with concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 50 and 100 mg/ml and its toxicity was measured using MTT assay. Bax expression was examined by Real time PCR. RNA was extracted from the cells of the treatment and control group and the cDNA was made. The expression of genes was evaluated using Real time PCR and ΔΔCt.
ResultsThe result of MTT indicated that IC50 was 10.01 mg/ml for 48 hours of treatment. By using Real Time PCR, it was found that in these cells, the expression level of Bax apoptotic gene increased 4-fold (p-value <0.001).
ConclusionTreatment with algae extract was able to increase gene expression and kill cancer cells. It is suggested that the effect of extracts of other algae on changes in the expression of other genes involved in apoptosis be investigated.
Keywords: Dunaliella salina, cell Line U87, MTT assay, Real time PCR, Bax, GAPDH, IC50} -
Background
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is responsible for up to 85% of deaths associated with lung cancer. Chemotherapy is still an important treatment method on the treatment of inoperable cases. In this study, the anticancer properties of a series of Schiff bases were tested on the A549 cell line representing NSCLC.
MethodsFluorinated Schiff bases (compounds 1-6) were synthesized based on 2-amino phenylhydrazines and benzaldehydes containing fluorine were used. The cytotoxic effects of the compounds on the A549 cell line were determined by colorimetric MTT assay and the antiproliferative effects of the compounds on the A549 cell line by the CFSE method. To demonstrate the development of apoptosis, cleaved caspase-3 expression in cells was tested using the immunofluorescence method. Morphological changes indicating apoptosis in cells were determined by histopathological staining methods (H & E, giemza, PAP).
ResultsThe strongest cytotoxic effect on A549 lung cancer cells was obtained with compound 6 (IC50: 0.64 μM) containing 5 fluorine atoms. The strongest antiproliferative effect on A549 cells was achieved with compound 5 (PI: 4.95) carrying 2 fluorine atoms. Apoptosis induction was effective in cell death. In addition to cleaved caspase-3 expression, chromatin condensation, marginalization, and apoptotic bodies were observed in the cells.
ConclusionSome of the compounds tested showed high cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects, indicating that these compounds could be potential chemotherapeutic agent candidates for lung cancer. The result of immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical analysis showing that the cytotoxic effects have been induced by apoptosis is an important advantage.
Keywords: Schiff bases, IC50, A549, Lung cancer, Apoptosis} -
پیش زمینه و هدف
مطالعات قبلی نشان داده است که مشتق های پیریمیدینی داری خواص ضد سرطانی می باشند. در این کار تحقیقاتی ارزیابی اثرات سایتو توکسیک یکی از مشتقات پیریمیدینی بنام مشتق 2-کلروپیریمیدین، بر روی سرطان خون انسانی K562 و همچنین سلول های نرمال تک هسته ایی خون محیطی (PBMC) به عنوان کنترل انجام گرفت.
مواد و روش کارتعداد 106×1 سلول k562 و PBMCS در 100 میکرولیتر به همراه غلظت های سریالی لگاریتمی (µg 200- 1/5625) از مشتق مورد آزمایش درون هریک از چاهک ها در زمان های (24، 48، 72) انکوبه شدند. پس از اتمام زمان انکوباسیون درصد زنده مانی سلولی به وسیله روش MTT سنجش شد، پس از تعیین IC50 درصد آپوپتوز و نکروز به روش PI/AO سنجیده شد.
یافته هااطلاعات نشان می دهد که این ترکیب رفتاری سایتوتوکسیک را دارا می باشد به نحوی که میزان زنده مانی در تست MTT کاهش پیدا کرد و درصد آپوپتوز افزایش یافت که خوشبختانه مقدار IC50 این ترکیب بر روی K562 نسبت به PBMCS پایین تر می باشد.
بحث و نتیجه گیریبا توجه به نتایج به دست آمده استفاده از این ترکیب می تواند برای مقابله با سرطان رده سلول انسانی K562 بدون اثرات سیتوتوکسیک بر روی PBMC مفید واقع شود.
کلید واژگان: K562, PBMC, کلروپیریمیدین, MTT, PI, AO, آپوپتوز, IC50}Background & AimsPrevious studies indicated that pyrimidine derivatives possess anti-cancer properties. This study was set out to evaluate the effect of 2-chloropyrimidine as a pyrimidine derivative on K562 human erythroleukemia cell line and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as normal control cells.
Materials & MethodsThe K562 cells or PBMCs (1×106 cells/100 μl/well) were incubated for different time periods (24, 48, and 72 h) with a serial logarithmic dilution of analogue (1.5625-200µg/ml). After the incubation period, the survivability of cells was determined by MTT methods. After determining IC50 value, apoptosis and necrosis of cells were measured by PI/AO staining.
ResultsOur data indicated that this compound had a profound cytotoxic effect on the K562 cell line in a dose-dependent manner so that the apoptosis increased and the survival test (MTT) decreased. Interestingly, the IC50 value of this compound against K562 was lower than IC50 value of this compound against PBMCs.
ConclusionAs a result, this compound provides more favorable cytotoxicity against K562 cell line without any additive cytotoxicity against PBMCs.
Keywords: K562, PBMC, 2-chloropyrimidine, apoptosis, PI, AO, IC50, MTT} -
Nowadays, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are used in various industries. Considering the exposure probability of these nanomaterials to humans, the purpose of the present study is to assess the effect of MWCNTs on cellular toxicity of human alveolar epithelial. The A549 cells were cultured and treated to various doses of MWCNTs at three different times. Finally, the Tetrazolium colorimetric (MTT) assay was implemented for evaluating the cellular viability. The results indicated that the cytotoxicity for MWCNTs on the human alveolar epithelial cells is related to dose and time of exposure. The inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) and non-observed adverse effect concentration (NOAEC) are calculated to be 103.6 as well as 0.65μg/mL, respectively. The findings of this present study could contribute to a better understanding of MWCNTs substances and might be useful as a basis for the future risk evaluation studies of exposed population in industries.Keywords: Cytotoxicity, Carbon nanotubes, IC50, NOAEC, A549 cells}
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BackgroundThe first line treatment against cutaneous leishmaniasis is meglumine antimoniate. This drug is expensive and has serious side effects, including development of drug resistance.ObjectivesIn this research, because of paucity of information, the apoptotic and leishmanicidal effects of ketotifen and cromolyn sodium, as cell membrane stabilizer drugs, were investigated on standard strain of Leishmania major.MethodsIn this experimental study, L. major parasites were first cultured in RPM1 1640 media, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and antibiotics at 24 ± 1ºC. Drug concentrations of 5, 10, 15, and 20 µg/mL were then added to L. major culture at 24-, 48- and 72-hour intervals. The 3 - (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) tetrazolium assays were performed to determine parasite viability and drug toxicity. Leishmania major promastigotes were augmented to the in vitro cultured macrophages (J774 cells) and then incubated for 72 hours. Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) were ascertained by counting the parasites. The inhibitory effect of the drugs were compared with that of glucantime. Flow cytometry was performed in the next step, to evaluate apoptosis. Each test was repeated three times.ResultsIC50 values of ketotifen and cromolyn sodium after 72 hours were calculated to be 2.04 and 17.67 µg/mL for promastigotes and 0.12 and 14.79 µg/mL for amastigotes, respectively. The results of MTT assays showed 20% and 35% promastigote viability after 72 hours of exposure to ketotifen and cromolyn sodium at 20 µg/mL concentration. Apoptosis in ketotifen and cromolyn sodium was quantified to be 11.52% and 9.96% in promastigotes and 99.5% and 98.6% in amastigote-infected macrophages, respectively. The results indicated that the drugs induce early and late apoptosis in parasites. All treatments produced results, which differed significantly from the control groups (P < 0.05).ConclusionsDrugs used in this study, especially Ketotifen, showed lower toxicity yet similar anti-leishmanial effects on both forms, as cromolyn sodium did. It could be suggested that further investigations about the in vivo effects of these drugs, as candidates for cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment, are required.Keywords: Ketotifen, Cromolyn sodium, MTT, Apoptosis, IC50}
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مجله علمی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان، سال بیست و سوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 93، فروردین و اردیبهشت 1397)، صص 45 -56زمینه و هدفولووواژینیت کاندیدایی و تریکومونیازیس حداقل 50 درصد ازکل موارد عفونتهای واژینیت را شامل می شود. داروهای اصلی جهت درمان این عفونتها دارای عوارض جانبی متعدد بوده ومقاومت دارویی نسبت به آنها در حال افزایش است. هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی اثرات ضد تریکومونایی و ضدکاندیدایی عصاره استونی گزروغن در شرایط برون تنی بوده است.روش بررسیتیمار انگل در غلظت های 375، 750،... ،4000 میکرو گرم بر میلی لیتر و تیمار قارچ در غلظتهای 003/0 ،...،1و 2 میلی گرم بر میلی لیتر انجام و تاثیر آن در زمان های 24 و 48 ساعت بررسی شد. تعداد نهایی انگل با استفاده از رنگ آمیزی حیاتی تریپان بلو و لام نئوبار مشخص و مقدار IC50 (50% Inhibiting Concentration) محاسبه شد و در مورد قارچ، مقدار MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) محاسبه گردید. یررسی سمیت سلولی عصاره روی سلولهای ماکروفاژی موش سوری انجام گرفت.یافته هاکاهش درصد حیات انگلها در تمامی غلظت ها و در هر دو زمان 24 و 48 ساعت در مقایسه با گروه کنترل معنی دار ( 05/0 >P ) بوده است. بعد از 24 ساعت مقدار IC50 و SIبه ترتیب برابر 682 و 1/4 میکروگرم بر میلی لیتر و مقدار MIC برابر 2میلی گرم بر میلی لیترمحاسبه گردید.نتیجه گیریبا توجه به اثرات عصاره استونی گزروغن بر بازدارندگی رشد تریکوموناس واژینالیس و کاندیدا آلبیکنس ، این احتمال است که با شناسایی و جداسازی ماده موثره این گیاه و انجام تحقیقات بیشتر، بتوان از آن برای درمان هر دوعفونت استفاده نمود.کلید واژگان: تریکوموناس واژینالیس, کاندیدا آلبیکنس, عصاره استونی گزروغن, سمیت سلولی, IC50, MIC}Background And AimVulvovaginal candidiasis and trichomoniasis account for at least 50 percent of all cases of vaginal infections. The main drugs used to treat these infections have numerous side effects and drug resistance to them is on the rise. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-trichomonas and anti candidal effects of acetone extracts of Moringa peregrina in vitro.
Material andMethodsWe used acetone extracts of Moringa peregrina at concentrations of 375, 750, , 3000 and 4000 µg/ml for the treatment of trichomoniasis; and concentrations of 0/003, , 1 and 2mg/ml for the treatment of candidiasis. We evaluated the effect of the extracts after 24 and 48 hours.
The final number of viable parasites were determined by trypan blue staining and neobar lamella; and IC50 (50% Inhibitory Concentration) value was calculated. We also calculated MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) of the extract for candida. The cytotoxic effect of the extract on the mice macrophage cells was investigated.ResultComparison between treatment and control groups revealed a significant decrease in the viability of parasites in the treatment group at all concentrations after both 24 and 48 hours (PConclusionConsidering favorable effects of acetone extract of Moringa peregrina on inhibiting the growth of Trichomonas vaginalis and Candida albicans identification and isolation of active ingredients of the plant, may lead to use of this extract for the treatment of both infections in the future studies.Keywords: Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida albicans, Acetone extract of Moringa peregrina, Cytotoxicity, IC50, MIC} -
سابقه و هدفامروزه استفاده از گیاهان دارویی در درمان سرطان از اهمیت فوق العاده ای برخوردار است. گیاه شنبلیله به دلیل دارا بودن ترکیبات فنلی برای مطالعات سمیت سلولی با اهمیت می باشد. هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی اثر محافظتی عصاره آبی گیاه شنبلیله بر سمیت سلولی ناشی از داروی سیکلوفسفامید بر روی رده سلول های سرطانی انسانی (SKOV3) و نرمال می باشد.مواد و روش هادر این مطالعه تجربی، ابتدا عصاره آبی گیاه به روش پرکولاسیون تهیه شد. بعد از مواجهه رده سلول سرطانی تخمدان انسانی (SKOV3) و رده سلولی نرمال فیبروبلاست جنین موش با غلظت های مختلف از عصاره گیاه و داروی سیکلوفسفامید به مدت 72 ساعت، میزان مرگ و میر سلول ها باروش MTT مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. محاسبات آماری و مقایسه داده ها با روش آنالیز واریانس (ANOVA) انجام گرفت.یافته هانتایج نشان داد که میزان غلظت مهاری (IC50) عصاره گیاه و داروی سیکلوفسفامید بر رده های سرطانی تخمدان انسانی (SKOV3) و رده سلولی نرمال فیبروبلاست جنین موش به ترتیب برابر با 013/0 ±992/5 و 032/0 ± 66/30 میکروگرم بر میلی لیتر و میزان IC50 داروی سیکلوفسفامید بر این رده های سلولی به ترتیب برابر با 003/0±839/1 و 011/0 ±332/7 میکروگرم بر میلی لیتر است.
استنتاج: میزان غلظت مهاری (IC50)عصاره گیاه شنبلیله و سیکلوفسفامید بر روی رده های سلول سرطانی تخمدان انسانی (SKOV3) و رده سلولی نرمال در مقایسه با داروی ضد سرطان سیکلوفسفامید افزایش نشان داد که می تواند ناشی از خاصیت آنتی اکسیدانی عصاره به دلیل داشتن ترکیبات مختلف فلاونوئیدی و آلکالوئیدی باشد.کلید واژگان: شنبلیله, Trigonella foenum-graecum L, رده سلولی سرطانی, IC50, سمیت سلولی}Background andPurposeToday, medicinal plants are of great importance in treatment of different cancers. Trigonella foenum graecum L. (fenugreek) is a herbaceous plant with phenolic compounds that has received attention in cytotoxicity studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of Trigonella foenum graecum L. (TFG) against cytotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide on ovarian cancer (SKOV3) and normal cell lines.Materials And MethodsWe conducted an experimental study in which TFG aqueous extract was prepared by percolation method. Ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3) and normal cell lines (rats) were treated with cyclophosphamide and TFG aqueous extract in different concentrations (1, 10, 50, 100, 200 μg/ml) for 72 hr. Cells viability were then evaluated using MTT assay. Data analysis was done applying ANOVA.ResultsIn this study, inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the extract and cyclophosphamide on SKOV3 and normal cell lines were determined 5.992±0.013 and 30.66±0.032 μg/ml, respectively. The IC50 values in cell lines treated with cyclophosphamide alone were 1.839±0.003 and 7.332±0.011 μg/ml, respectively.ConclusionCompared with cyclophosphamide alone, the IC50 values from TFG aqueous extract and cyclophosphamide on SKOV3 and normal cell lines were increased which could be due to high antioxidant activity caused by bioactive components such as flavonoids and alkaloids of the TFG aqueous extract.Keywords: Trigonella foenum graecum L., fenugreek, cancer cell lines, IC50, cytotoxicity} -
مقدمهتریکوموناس واژینالیس انگلی از رده تاژکداران و عامل واژینیت تریکومونایی است. این عفونت باعث عوارض و مشکلات متعدد از جمله ایجاد ترشحات، تحریک پذیری ژنیتال، ناراحتی پس از مقاربت، پارگی زودرس کیسه آب و زایمان پره ترم می شود. داروی انتخابی برای درمان این بیماری، مترونیدازول می باشد که در سال های اخیر گزارشاتی مبنی بر کارسینوژن بودن این دارو و همچنین موارد مقاومت دارویی این انگل نسبت به مترونیدازول منتشر شده است. از آنجا که گیاه عروسک پشت پرده در درمان بیماری های گوارشی، هپاتیت، ویروسی، سوزاک، نقرس، دیابت، گلودرد و دستگاه ادراری کاربرد دارد، لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر عصاره آبی و الکلی گیاه عروسک پشت پرده بر رشد انگل تریکوموناس واژینالیس در محیط برون تنی انجام شد.روش کاراین مطالعه بنیادی در سال 1394 به منظور سنجش اثر ضد انگلی عصاره گیاه عروسک پشت پرده بر نمونه انگل تریکوموناس واژینالیس انجام شد. ابتدا عصاره های آبی و الکلی گیاه مذکور تهیه شد و کشت انگل در محیط کشت کامل دیاموند TYM انجام گرفت. در محیط کشت تاثیر غلظت های 8000، 4000، 2000، 1000، 500 و 250 میکروگرم بر میلی لیتر از عصاره الکلی و آبی عروسک پشت پرده بر رشد انگل های تریکوموناس در 24، 48 و 72 ساعت مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. همچنین تاثیر مترونیدازول به عنوان کنترل مثبت با غلظت 50 میکروگرم بر میلی لیتر و محیط کشت تنها به عنوان کنترل منفی بر انگل مذکور ارزیابی شد. در همه موارد تعداد انگل زنده و مرده با رنگ آمیزی تریپان بلو و لام نئوبار شمارش گردید. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 18) و آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنادار در نظر گرفته شد.یافته هاعصاره الکلی و آبی بر رشد انگل های تریکوموناس واژینالیس اثر مهار کنندگی معنی دار دارد (01/0>p) و IC50% عصاره الکلی و آبی این گیاه در 24 ساعت به ترتیب در غلظت 4000 و 8000 میکروگرم بر میلی لیتر در مقایسه با کنترل (مترونیدازول) 100% شد. عصاره الکلی گیاه اثر مهار کنندگی 100% را در غلظت 2000 میکروگرم بر میلی لیتر بعد از 48 ساعت مجاورت با انگل نیز نشان داد، این در حالی است که عصاره آبی در همین زمان در غلظت 8000 میکروگرم بر میلی لیتر اثربخش بود (05/0>p).نتیجه گیریعصاره های آبی و الکلی میوه گیاه عروسک پشت پرده پس از مطالعات درون تنی و بررسی مکانیسم اثربخشی می تواند دارای پتاسیل درمانی جایگزین در موارد مقاومت دارویی به مترونیدازول باشد.کلید واژگان: تریکوموناس واژینالیس, عصاره آبی, عصاره الکلی, عروسک پشت پرده, IC50}IntroductionTrichomonas vaginalis is a parasite from flagellate which leads to trichomomal vaginitis. Also, it can be responsible for various complications such as discharge, painful urination, genital irritation, discomfort after intercourse, premature rupture of membranes, and preterm labor. Metronidazole is a selected drug for treatment of the disease that carcinogenesis effects of this drug and also resistance of this parasite toward metronidazole have been reported in recent years. Since physalis alkekengi plant has been applied for treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, hepatitis, viral, gonorrhea, gout, diabetes, and sore throat, therefore, this study was performed with aim to determine in vitro effects of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of physalis alkekengi on Trichomonas vaginalis.MethodsThis study was performed in 2015 to assess the anti-parasite effects of physalis alkekengi on Trichomonas vaginalis. At first, the aqueous and alcoholic extracts were prepared and proliferation of parasites in TYM Diamond culture medium was performed. The concentrations of extract were: 8000, 4000, 2000, 1000, 500 and 250 µg/ml. The proliferation was evaluated at 24, 48 and 72 hours compared to control (metronidazole 50 µg/ml) group. In all of cases, the number of live and dead parasites was counted with Trypan blue and Neubauer slide. Data was analyzed by software SPSS (version 18) and one-way variance analysis. PResultsThe aqueous and alcoholic extracts had significant inhibitory effects on Trichomonas vaginalis parasite proliferation (PConclusionAfter evaluation of effectiveness mechanism, the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the physalis alkekengi plant can be alternative treatment potential in cases of resistance to metronidazole.Keywords: Aqueous extract, Alcoholic extract, IC50, Physalis alkekengi, Trichomonas vaginalis}
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The genus Centaurea with an extensive background in Iranian traditional medicine represents more than 70 species in Iran that some of them are endemic to Iran. A variety of secondary metabolites has been isolated from this genus thus far. Sesquiterpene lactones and flavonoids have been reported as main compounds of C.bruguierana. Methanolic extract and different fractions of the whole fruiting samples of Centaurea bruguierana ssp.belangerana (Asteraceae) were examined for cytotoxicity against various cell lines using MTT cytotoxicity assay in order to identify active fraction(s). The chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions of plant have demonstrated significant cytotoxicity against colon adenocarcinoma and breast ductal carcinoma cell lines, which chloroform fraction, exhibited the most potent in vitro cytotoxic activity against colon adenocarcinoma cell line, and therefore, can be considered as the potential fraction through main compounds of plant against the adenocarcinoma colon cancer cell line. Moreover, only chloroform fraction was moderately active against Swiss embryo fibroblast cell lines while the other fractions were nontoxic. To summarize, the chloroform fraction of C.bruguierana demonstrated better cytotoxic activity against all of the tested cell lines compared with the other fractions; and promisingly in some cases represented moderate to very good cytotoxicity that suggests more investigations about its phytochemical properties.Keywords: Centaurea bruguierana ssp.belangerana, Asteraceae, Cytotoxicity, MTT assay, IC50}
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BackgroundTetracyclines are antimicrobial agents that possess anti-inflammatory and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitory effects. Tetracycline, doxycycline, and minocycline have shown different potencies in inhibiting various MMPs. MMPs are a conserved family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases, which are involved in various physiologic and pathologic conditions. MMP-9 is among the most important proteases involved in the development of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and inflammatory disease.ObjectivesConsidering the central role of MMP-9 in the above-mentioned diseases and the variable inhibitory potentials of routine tetracyclines, including tetracycline, doxycycline, and minocycline, this study measured the inhibitory effect of these routine tetracycline agents on MMP-9 activity obtained from U-937 cell cultures using the zymography method..Materials And MethodsAn MMP-9-rich culture medium of U-937 cells was used as the source of the enzyme. Serial dilutions of 5, 20, 100, 200, and 500 µM of each drug were placed in zymography incubation buffer. Gelatin zymography was run, and densitometry of the bands was performed using Image J software. The resulting data were used to draw dose-response curves using GraphPad Prism software..ResultsOur results showed that tetracyclines inhibited MMP-9 activity with IC50 values of 40.0, 10.7, and 608.0 µM for tetracycline, minocycline, and doxycycline, respectively. Minocycline showed the highest potency in MMP-9 inhibition (PConclusionsOur results suggest that tetracyclines dose-dependently inhibit MMP-9 activity, and among the common clinical tetracyclines, minocycline provides the most potent inhibition of excess MMP-9 activity and its consequences..Keywords: Tetracyclines, Matrix Metalloproteinase, 9, Zymography, IC50}
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BackgroundUrtica dioica is one of the medicinal herbs with many uses in treating various diseases. In some studies, its antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on cancer cell lines have been shown. Therefore, the evaluation of U. dioica effect was performed on KG-1 cell line for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) for the first time in this study.Materials And MethodsKG-1 cell line was treated by various extracts (aqueous, hydroalcoholic, chloroform and ethyl acetate) of U. dioica aerial parts and roots in different concentrations. Metabolic activity of extracts on cell line was assessed by MTT assay. To evaluate the percentage of apoptotic cells, the flow cytometry was performed by FITC Annexin V-PI apoptosis detection kit in KG-1 cell line treated with root chloroform (UDC-R) and ethyl acetate (UDE-R) extracts. The results have been reported as percentage of cell viability and IC50.ResultsBased on MTT results, the strongest IC50 in KG-1 cell line (219.361μg/ml) was related to UDC-R. The flow cytometric analysis showed that UDC-R and UDE-R in IC50 concentration induced early (53.6% and 57.4%, respectively) and late (27% and 33.2%, respectively) apoptosis in KG-1 cells after 24 hrs. The inhibition of cell proliferation by various extracts of U. dioica was dependent on concentration (p=0.000).ConclusionFlow cytometric analysis confirmed that UDC-R and UDE-R extracts affect on proliferation reduction of KG-1 cells by activating the apoptotic pathway.Keywords: Urtica dioica extract, acute myelogenous leukemia, KG-1, IC50, apoptosis}
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سابقه و هدفسرطان یکی از علل عمده مرگ و میر در سراسر جهان می باشد.امروزه تعداد زیادی از داروهای مدرن مورد استفاده در درمان سرطان، بر اساس استفاده آن ها در طب سنتی از منابع طبیعی جداسازی یا مشتق شده اند.گیاه زغال اخته (Cornus mas L) از خانواده Cornaceae کاربردهای دارویی متعددی جهت درمان طیف وسیعی از بیماری ها از جمله سرطان دارد. در این مطالعه اثرات سایتوتوکسیک عصاره میوه نارس و رسیده گیاه زغال اخته بر رده سلول های سرطانی و نرمال مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.مواد و روش هاعصاره هیدروالکلی میوه نارس و رسیده به روش سوکسله تهیه شد. فعالیت ضد سرطانی در غلظت های متفاوت عصاره (250، 200، 150، 100، 50، 10 و 0 میکروگرم در میلی لیتر) روی سه رده سلولی MCF7 (سرطان سینه)، HepG2(سرطان کبد) و CHO (نرمال تخمدان هم ستر) با روش MTT مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تجزیه و تحلیل آماری با استفاده از نرم افزار 16SPSS انجام شد. مقایسه های متعدد بین بیش از دو گروه توسط آنالیز واریانسیک طرفه ANOVA و به دنبال آن تست توکی انجام شد. مقدار P کم تر از 5/0< P برای تعیین سطح معنی دار بودن بین گروه ها در نظر گرفته شد.یافته هایافته های پژوهش بیانگر مهار وابسته به دوز و زمان وهم چنین تفاوت های معنی دار بین میزان (half maximal inhibitory concentration) میوه نارس و رسیده در همه خطوط سلولی بود (05/0< p). هم چنین میزان IC50 میوه نارس و رسیده سلول های نرمال نیز نسبت به سلول های سرطانی تفاوت معنی داری را نشان داد (05/0< p). اگرچه سیتوتوکسیسیته میوه نارس نسبت به رسیده بیش تر است.استنتاجاین مطالعه نشان می دهد که عصاره هیدروالکلی میوه Cornus mas L (نارس و رسیده)، تاثیر سیتوتوکسیک قابل توجهی، روی سلول های سرطانی و نرمال دارد و باید بررسی های بیش تری جهت یافتن ترکیبات موثر موجود در عصاره میوه گیاه صورت گیرد تا گامی در جهت یافتن و طراحی داروهای جدید و موثر در درمان سرطان باشد.
کلید واژگان: روش MTT, زغال اخته, خطوط سلولی سرطانی, IC50, سمیت سلولی}Background andPurposeToday cancer is considered as one of the leading causes of death worldwide. An impressive number of modern drugs used in cancer treatment are isolated or derived from natural sources based on their use in traditional medicine. Cornus mas L. (Cornaceae) has medicinal applications in treating a wide range of diseases such as cancer. This study was designed to evaluate the Cytotoxic effect of Cornus mas L.fruit hydroalcoholic extract on normal and cancer cell lines.Material And MethodsRip fruit and unripe fruit extract was prepared by soxhlet extraction method. The anticancer activity of different concentrations of the extract (0, 10, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250µg/ml) in three cell lines MCF7 (breast cancer), HepG2 (liver cancer), and CHO (normal hamster ovary) were examined using MTT. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS V.16.ResultsThe findings revealed time and dose-dependent inhibition and also significant differences between the levels of IC50 of unripe and ripe fruit in all cell lines (P< 0.05). Also, the level of IC50 of unripe and ripe fruit on normal cell lines was significantly different from that of the cancer cell lines (P< 0.05). However, cytotoxicity of unripe fruit was found more than ripe fruit.ConclusionThis study showed that hydroalcoholic extract of Cornus mas L.(unripe and ripe), have a considerable cytotoxic effect on cancer and normal cell lines and should be further investigated to find effective compounds present in the fruit extract. Hence, effective steps could be taken towards finding new drugs in treating cancer.Keywords: MTT assay, Cornus mas L, cancer cell line, IC50, cytotoxicity} -
زمینه و هدفبه دلیل عوارض ناخواسته آنتی اکسیدان ها و آنتی میکروب های مصنوعی، این پژوهش فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی و برخی خواص آنتی باکتریایی عصاره های مختلف اندام هوایی گیاه اویار سلام گونه ی Cyperus longus را مورد بررسی قرار می دهد.مواد و روش کارعصاره های هگزانی، دی کلرومتانی و متانولی اندام هوایی گیاه Cyperus longus به روش خیساندن تهیه و فعالیت آنتی باکتریایی عصاره ها به روش انتشار در آگار توسط دیسک بررسی شد. ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدان عصاره ها به روش DPPH مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت و نتایج آن به صورت IC50 بیان گردید. اندازه گیری محتوای فنل کل عصاره ها با استفاده از معرف فولین سیو- کالچو و اندازه گیری محتوای فلاونوئید کل عصاره ها بر اساس روش کلریمتری آلومینیوم کلراید انجام شد. اندازه گیری میزان آنتوسیانین نیز به روش Mita صورت گرفت.یافته هاعصاره متانولی و هگزانی اندام هوایی در غلظت mg/disc3 دارای خاصیت مهاری ضعیفی علیه باسیلوس سرئوس می باشد. IC50 عصاره های متانولی، دی کلرومتانی و هگزانی به ترتیب 1/529± 10/071، 0/206±8/756 و 6/457±29/551 میلی گرم بر میلی لیتر، میزان فنول های تام به ترتیب 56/66، 14 و 11 میلی گرم در گرم عصاره ها و همچنین میزان فلاوونوئیدهای موجود نیز به ترتیب 22، 84/15 و 51/9 میلی گرم در گرم عصاره ها حاصل شد. میزان آنتو سیانین موجود در یک گرم نمونه خشک شده ی اندام هوایی اویارسلام 11 میلی گرم بدست آمد.نتیجه گیرینتایج آزمایشات ضد باکتریایی نشان داد عصاره های این گیاه بر باکتری های گرم منفی تاثیر نداشته اما بر باکتری های گرم مثبت موثر بوده است. همه ی عصاره ها دارای اثر آنتی اکسیدانت در آزمون DPPH بوده و از بین آنها عصاره های دی-کلرومتانی و هگزانی به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی را نشان دادند.
کلید واژگان: Disc Diffusion, DPPH, آنتی اکسیدانی, آنتی باکتریایی, فلاوونوئید, IC50, Cyperus longus}Background And Objectivesmainly due to increased unintentional side-effects of synthetic antioxidants and antimicrobials, This study evaluated the antioxidant and some antibacterial properties of different aerial parts’ extracts in Cyperus longus.Material And MethodsThe Hexane, Dichloromethan and Methanolic aerial parts’ extracts of Cyperus longus were obtained by maceration method. Antibacterial activity of extracts determined by Disc Diffusion Method. The antioxidant capacity of extracts was assessed through DPPH method. The results of DPPH assay were showed by IC50. The total phenolic content was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent. The total flavonoid content was assessed by a colorimetric method based on Aluminum Chloride, has been associated with some changes. The anthocyanin content was measured by (Mita et al., 1997) method.ResultsThe Methanolic extract of aerial parts exhibited slight antibacterial effects against B.cereus at the concentration of 3 mg/disc. The IC50 values for Methanolic, Dichloromethan and Hexane extracts in DPPH assay were 10.071 ± 1.529, 8.756 ± 0.206 and 29.551 ± 6.457mg/ml, respectively. The phenolic content of the Methanolic, Dichloromethan and Hexane extracts were obtained 56.66, 14 and 11 mg/ml, respectively. The total flavonoid content of the Methanolic, Dichloromethan and Hexane extracts were obtained 22, 84.15 and 51.9, respectively. Anthocyanin amount, contained in one gram sample of dried aerial Cyperus longus was 11 mg.ConclusionAntibacterial test results were showed that it has no effect on Gram-negative bacteria. But it is effective on Gram-positive bacteria. All extracts showed antioxidant activity in DPPH method and the Dichloromethan and Hexane extracts were found to have maximum and minimum activity in DPPH assay, respectively.Keywords: Disc Diffusion, DPPH, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Flavonoid, IC50, Cyperus longus} -
Umbelliprenin is cytotoxic against QU-DB large cell lung cancer cell line but anti-proliferative against A549 adenocarcinoma cellsBackgroundUmbelliprenin is a natural compound, belonging to the class of sesquiterpene coumarins. Recently, umbelliprenin has attracted the researcher's attention for its antitumor activities against skin tumors. Its effect on lung cancer is largely unknown. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of this natural compound, which is expected to have low adverse effects, on lung cancer.MethodsThe QU-DB large cell and A549 adenocarcinoma lung cancer cell lines were treated with umbelliprenin. IC50 values were estimated using methyl thiazolely diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, in which a decrease in MTT reduction can occur as a result of cell death or cell proliferation inhibition. To quantify the rate of cell death at IC50 values, flow cytometry using Annexin V-FITC (for apoptotic cells), and propidium iodide (for necrotic cells) dyes were employed.ResultsData from three independent MTT experiments in triplicate revealed that IC50 values for QU-DB and A549 were 47 ± 5.3 μM and 52 ± 1.97 μM, respectively. Annexin V/PI staining demonstrated that umbelliprenin treatment at IC50 induced 50% cell death in QU-DB cells, but produced no significant death in A549 cells until increasing the umbelliprenin concentration to IC80. The pattern of cell death was predominantly apoptosis in both cell lines. When peripheral blood mononuclear cells were treated with 50 μM and less concentrations of umbelliprenin, no suppressive effect was observed.ConclusionsWe found cytotoxic/anti-proliferative effects of umbelliprenin against two different types of lung cancer cell lines.Keywords: Annexin, IC50, Lung cancer, MTT assay, Propidium Iodide, Umbelliprenin}
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