جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Liver perfusion » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

This study aimed at investigating the effects of 3,4-Methyl​enedioxy​methamphetamine (MDMA) on liver cytochrome 2C19 enzyme activity, which is a major liver enzyme in the metabolism of a wide range of drugs, using omeprazole as a probe of the CYP2C19 activity in isolated perfused rat liver.

This experimental study was done in 20 male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats (weighing 250–300 g). After isolating the animal liver, omeprazole was administered at 400 μm and the concentration of omeprazole and its metabolite were determined. The liver was then washed with perfusion buffer, and MDMA was transferred at 300 ng/ml unilaterally from the same liver for 30 minutes. After re-washing the liver with perfusion buffer, omeprazole was passed through the liver for second time and the metabolic ratio was determined after exposure to MDMA. This process was also done in a group of animals at 600 ng/ml of MDMA.

Analysis of data from three end-time intervals after exposure to liver at 300 and 600 ng/ml of MDMA, showed 26.6% and 20.6% reduction in the activity of CYP2C19. Findings showed that MDMA administration could significantly reduce the activity of CYP2C19.

According to this study, liver exposure to MDMA can significantly reduce cytochrome 2C19 activity, but, further studies are needed to examine this issue more closely.

Corn silk is obtained from the plant Zea mays L. A traditional herbal medicine is in China. This has been used in many parts of the world to treat edema، kidney infections، gout، kidney stones، kidney diseases and prostate. Reports of the antioxidant effects of this material are available. Although little scientific resources are available to confirm its efficacy. In this study we tried to find out the antioxidant effect and preventing of hepatotoxicity effect of Corn silk with IRLP Isolated Rat Liver Perfusion) system. The aqueous and methanol extracts of dried Corn silk doses (10، 20، 40، 50 and 100 mg/kg) was used. Albino Rats weighing 220-180 g were examined after anesthesia by diethyl ether، the abdominal cavity of the animal T-shaped pattern excision in the abdomen and around) is opened. Then portal vein connected to the perfusion flow by using small scalp Vienna (No. 23) into the portal vein. After reaching perfusion flow rate to 20 ml per minute، extracts and fraction with above doses were added to perfusion buffer. Fluid outflows from the inferior vena cava، were collected for measurement of glutathione. One sample of the liver was removed for glutathione measurement and one sample was maintained in 10% formalin for histopathological examination. Differences between group means were estimated using oneway ANOVA followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. The results showed that reduced glutathione level increased significantly by aqueous and methanol extract in comparison with controls. Pathology results confirmed that by increasing dose of extracts، severity of tissue damage (hemorrhage، fibrosis، and necrosis) is reduced. In samples taken at intervals of 120 minutes، changes in the glutathione of case groups showed significant difference in comparison with the control group (p<0. 01). Findings indicated that aqueous and methanolic extracts of corn fiber، reduced hepatic damages of MDMA significantly. This effect was dose dependent and because of flavonoid and phenol compounds.

Phytolacca americana is a native plant in several states of USA and mostly its boiled leaves are used as a popular salad (called grandmother salad) in American diet. It grows widely in the coastal areas and forests in northern parts of Iran but is rarely used. In spite of having several medicinal properties, its side effect is digestive toxicity (especially hepatotoxicity). To date, the hepathotoxicity of this plant from northern of Iran has not been studied. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the hepatotoxicity of P. americana using Isolated Rat Liver Perfusion (IRLP) system. The albino rats weighted 180-220 g were desighdted into 6 groups. Subsequently, the male rat’s anesthetized using ether, were used for experiments. The inferior vena cava was cannnulated with PE-10 tubing. The portal vein was immediately cannulated with a 23 g catheter. Then the liver was perfused in site by Krebs-Henseleit buffer at 37°C with a rate of 20ml/min for 3hr. After 30-45 min of perfusion, various doses (10, 20, 40, 50, 100 mg/kg) of aqueous and methanol extracts and CHCl3, ETOAC & MEOH fraction (10, 20, 40mg/kg) were added to the buffer and perfused for 2 hr. Samples of perfused fluid were collected every 30min and analyzed for any liver injury by measuring the serum enzymes (ALT, AST). Sections of liver tissue were also examined for pathological changes. The results showed that the activity of aminotransferase enzymes increased significantly and dose-dependently (p<0.01). Also, methanol extract fractionates were increased compared with the control group (p<0.05). The histopathological changes in the liver tissue were dose-dependent and confirmed the previous data. The enzymatic differences between the test groups and the control group showed the most difference at 60 min. The finding showed that the hepatotoxic effect of P. americana is dose dependent. Therefore, decreasing the administrated dose may be effective in prevention of its hepatic side effects.