جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Pandrug resistance » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Resistance to multiple antibiotic classes is called multidrug resistance (MDR), extremely drug resistance (XDR), and pandrug resistance (PDR). In addition, the genotyping survey of resistant bacteria is a prominent factor in epidemiological surveying. Therefore, the present study aimed to conduct an epidemiological survey in order to detect XDR, MDR, and PDR of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens in Kurdistan province, Iran. During (December) 2015-(August) 2017, a total of 134 strains of P. aeruginosa were detected by the polymerase chain reaction and were tested for antibiotic resistance, MDR, XDR, and PDR. The related specimens of the patients with nosocomial infections were subjected to BOX-PCR analysis. Finally, the data were analyzed using Stata software with frequency determination, Fisher exact test, and Logistic regression (P ≤ 0.05). BOX-PCR analysis was performed by GelJ version 1.13 software. Based on the results, the lowest and highest resistance and susceptibility rates in 134 isolates of P. aeruginosa were related to cefpodoxime (93.28%), imipenem (27.61%), colistin (69.40%), and cefpodoxime (6.71%), respectively. In addition, MDR and XDR isolates were observed in 97.76% and 15.67% of P. aeruginosa isolates, respectively. However, PDR was detected in none of the isolates while BOX-PCR demonstrated four main clusters with 56 unique patterns in nosocomial infection isolates. Further, a significant relationship was observed between MDR and XDR isolates and nosocomial infection (P ≤ 0.05). Eventually, there was a significant association between ward, the type of specimens, and hospitals with nosocomial infection (P ≤ 0.05). In general, a high frequency of antibiotic resistance was observed in this study whereas no genetic correlation was observed between P. aeruginosa strains. In sum, selecting the most effective antibiotics and devising an efficient way for controlling the antibiotic resistance should be taken into consideration.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is intrinsically resistant to many antimicrobials. Like Pseudomonas spp., this bacterium has a remarkable ability to cause infections, particularly in the respiratory and urinary tracts. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern of S. maltophilia isolates collected from a tertiary care setting and frequency of multi, extensively and pandrug-resistant S. maltophilia.
A cross-sectional study was carried out in Department of Microbiology, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from January to June 2016. The isolates were identified as S. maltophilia using standard microbiological techniques, and the antimicrobial resistance was carried out using E-strip test against various antimicrobials. The data was analyzed and interpreted regarding frequencies and percentages.
Out of 90 isolates confirmed as S. maltophilia, pus (33.33%) and urine (24.44%) were the most common specimens from which this bacterium was isolated. Antimicrobial resistance pattern showed a high percentage of resistance to many antimicrobials with exception to aztreonam, minocycline, polymyxin B and colistin.
Various S. maltophilia isolates from our set-up were resistant to antimicrobial agents used in the study. It is predicted that the infections caused by this bacterium shall be difficult to treat in the near future due to resistance to these antimicrobial agents. Though at this point no pandrug-resistant S. maltophilia is reported, the resistance pattern suggests that pandrug-resistant strains may appear shortly and when the time comes only newer antimicrobials can provide the answer.