جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « pain intensity » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

One of the most common problems in old age is chronic pain. The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) in reducing the pain intensity of older women.

This is a randomized controlled clinical trial with a pretest/posttest/one-month follow-up design. The study population consists of all women aged ≥60 in Isfahan, Iran, in 2023. From this population, 30 women were selected using a convenience sampling method and based on the entry criteria. They were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention and control. The research tool was the short form of the McGill Pain Questionnaire. The intervention group received the MBCT in eight two-hour sessions, while the control group was put on the waiting list. The data were analyzed by repeated measure analysis of variance in SPSS software, version 25.

The mean age of women was 64.07±3.37 years in the intervention group and 64.20±3.57 in the control group. The mean total score of pain intensity in the intervention and control groups was 22.67 and 35.13 respectively in the post-test phase and 23.60 and 35.07 in the follow-up phase, respectively. The results showed a significant difference between the mean of the three assessment phases  in all subscales and the total score (P<0.01). The results of the Bonferroni test indicated the effectiveness of the intervention in the post-test and follow-up phases for all subscales compared to the control group (P≤0.05).

The MBCT can reduce the pain intensity of older women.

 This study evaluated the effects of neuromuscular training compared with neurofeedback and neuromuscular training on brain waves, foot and ankle ability, and pain intensity of table tennis players with chronic ankle instability.

 This clinical trial study was conducted on 29 table tennis players with chronic ankle instability, which were randomly divided into combined neurofeedback+neuromuscular (Mean±SD age: 21.73±2.60 years, hieght: 173.42±5.57 cm, wieght: 77.10±10.42 kg) and neuromuscular groups (Mean±SD age: 22.14±2.53 years, Mean±SD height: 169.26±6.77 cm, Mean±SD weight:77.95±15.70 kg). ProComp Infiniti System and BioGraph Infiniti version 5 software were used to measure brain waves and perform neurofeedback protocol. The foot and ankle disability questionnaire and the visual analog scale were employed to assess foot and ankle ability and pain intensity, respectively. The rehabilitation protocol was performed for eight weeks. The paired t test and 1-way analysis of covariance were used for the data analyses.

 The paired t test results revealed a significant decrease in the amplitude of theta, alpha, and sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) waves in both groups (P<0.05) and an increase in the amplitude of the beta wave only in the combined group (P<0.05). In addition, ankle ability was significantly increased during daily activities and exercise in both groups (P<0.05). On the other hand, the results of a 1-way analysis of covariance indicated a significant difference between the two groups regarding theta and beta amplitudes and degree of ankle disability during exercise, and the improvement was greater in the combined group (P<0.05).

 According to the results, combined exercises (neuromuscular and neurofeedback) can be used as rehabilitation in table tennis players with chronic ankle instability to correct brain waves, improve leg and ankle ability, and reduce pain.

The aim of this study was to investigate the causal pattern of the relationship between attachment styles and pain intensity mediated by early maladaptive schemas in patients with chronic pain.

The research method was descriptive-correlational. The population of this study was patients with chronic pain referred to the pain clinic of Erfan Hospital in Tehran in the second half of 2020 that 300 people with chronic pain were voluntarily selected as a sample by available sampling method. Data were collected from the West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory (WHI-MPI; Kerns et al., 1985), the Adult Attachment Styles Inventory (AAI, Besharat, 2005) and the Young Early maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire (YSQ-SF; Young, 1999).

Data usage and analysis were performed by structural equation modeling. The results showed that safe attachment style and anxiety through the mediating variable of ear-ringing and inhibition and other orientation have a significant indirect effect on pain intensity in patients with chronic pain. This means that early maladaptive schemas in the areas of angst and inhibition and other orientation play a mediating role in the relationship between attachment styles and pain intensity.

Therefore, with the effect of insecure attachment styles on the formation of maladaptive schemas, it leads to an increase in severity in people with chronic pain.

Migraine headaches are one of the psychosomatic disorders that severely impair patients' quality of life and general functioning by mediating psychological problems. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of pain intensity in the relationship between psychosomatic components on quality of life in these patients.

Methods and Materials:

 In this cross-sectional study, 250 patients with migraine were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria among people with migraine referred to the Pain and Neurology Clinic affiliated to Isfahan Medical Sciences in 2020 through available sampling. In the appropriate psychological situation, after justifying the goals of the research, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (SF-26), Von Korff’s Pain Intensity Scale (PIS) and also the Diagnostic criteria for psychosomatic research Questionnaire (DCPR) were completed.

The results showed that there was no significant correlation between pain intensity and other variables and only psychosomatic components had a significant negative correlation with quality of life dimensions and Also, in the path analysis model, no significant direct and indirect relationship was found between psychosomatic components and pain intensity with different dimensions of quality of life, although the proposed path analysis model showed a good fit.

The findings of this study suggest the development of psychological intervention packages based on the explanatory model for the correction of Alexithymia, irritable mood, health anxiety and type A behavior in order to improve the quality of life of migraine patients.

Menstrual pain syndrome appears as a clinical disease with the occurrence of physical and mental cycles unrelated to any natural disease during the five days before menstruation. This research was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on emotional self-awareness, emotional dyslexia and pain intensity in girls suffering from menstrual pain.

The present study was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population of the research was all female students in the second year of high school in Mashhad in the academic year of 2022-2023, who were selected by cluster sampling of 30 people and randomly placed in two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The experimental group received commitment and acceptance therapy during 8 sessions of 90 minutes, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The research tools were Riff's emotional self-awareness questionnaire (2008), Toronto's emotional dyslexia (1994) and menstrual pain intensity scale. The research data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance test.

The findings showed that treatment based on acceptance and commitment has a significant effect on emotional self-awareness, emotional dyslexia and pain intensity in girls suffering from menstrual pain (p<0.05). In fact, treatment based on acceptance and commitment increases emotional self-awareness and reduces emotional ataxia and pain intensity in girls suffering from menstrual pain.

According to the findings, it can be concluded that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment teaches girls how to experience thoughts, feelings and emotions without judgment and emotional disturbance in the mind. This process, by helping the therapist to understand the physical feelings, the ability to recognize and separate emotions, leads to a reduction in the intensity of menstrual pain.

 Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in societies and accounts for one third of all cancers in women. Breast cancer is known as the second cause of death due to cancer in women. As a result, the purpose of the present study was to determine and compare the effectiveness of hypnotherapy based on compassion and treatment on commitment and acceptance on the pain intensity of women with breast cancer in Yasuj, Iran.

The present clinical study was conducted in 2021 using a pre-test-post-test with two experimental groups and a control group. Its statistical population included all women suffering from breast cancer referred to Shahid Jaliel Hospital of Yasuj, Iran. Available sampling method was used to select the women of the sample group. In the present research, the visual pain intensity scale (VAS), which is a one-axis scale, was used. The collected data were analyzed using statistical tests of multivariate covariance, independent t, paired t, Levin, post hoc test, LSD post hoc test, and Shapirowilk.

 The results regarding the comparison of the effectiveness of two methods of hypnotherapy based on compassion with treatment based on commitment and acceptance on the pain intensity of women with breast cancer in Yasuj indicated that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the post-test of pain intensity among women with breast cancer. 0/05). Therefore, it can be said that there was a significant difference between the two methods of hypnotherapy based on compassion and treatment based on commitment and acceptance on the pain intensity of women with breast cancer (p>0.05). The post hoc test, with a significance level of 0.001 and a mean difference of 1.80, indicated a significant difference between the effectiveness of hypnotherapy based on compassion and treatment based on commitment and acceptance on pain intensity.

Breast cancer is one of the most aggressive tumors and is the main cause of cancer death in women. Therefore, early diagnosis and foreknowledge have become necessary to increase survival and reduce mortality in the long term. Therefore, according to the results of the present study, counseling centers can improve the psychological state of cancer patients by two methods of hypnotherapy based on compassion. Use with commitment and acceptance therapy.

Background and

Familiarity with procedures method makes the patient cooperate. Besides, using virtual reality headsets decreases pain through involving patients in a multidimensional space. Stitching causes the child to not cooperate due to the pain occurring during the procedure. Therefore, this study combined these two methods to investigate the effect of familiarization with stitching through virtual reality headset on children's pain intensity and parents' satisfaction during stitching.

The present study was a clinical trial. The statistical population consisted of 60 children aged 5-7 years with a cut in the limb or head. These children were selected by the convenience method and randomly allocated into two groups. Pain related to laceration was measured using Visual Analog Scale in both groups before the intervention. In the intervention group, virtual headset was used 1 to 3 minutes before stitching (playing 1 minute and 30 seconds animation containing how to stitch and getting familiar with the hospital environment). After the procedure, the child's pain intensity was measured again. Parents were asked to complete a parents' satisfaction questionnaire on pain management after stitching. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS V16.

The demographic data did not show any significant differences. The results showed a statistically significant difference between the pain intensity of children in the control (8.6±1.67) and intervention (3.97±3.21) groups (P=0.001). Parents' satisfaction (control 48.03±11.76 and intervention 68.83±8.67) with pain management also showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P=0.001).

It seems that using virtual reality for the purpose of familiarization reduces the intensity of pain in children during stitching and increases parents' satisfaction. Therefore, it is recommended to use this method as a non-drug, safe, non-invasive, and cheap method.

Acute pain after arthroplasty of the lower limb has adverse effects on the patient&#039;s treatment aspects, and also considering that acute pain (within the first 24 hours) after surgery is the basis of chronic pain and disability after surgery. and on the other hand, due to the lack of a meta-analysis study regarding the effects of pregabalin on the intensity of acute pain after lower limb surgeries, the present study aimed at the preventive effects of pregabalin on the intensity of acute pain during the first 24 hours after orthopedic surgeries The bottom is done.

This meta-analysis was performed following the guidelines of the PRISMA statement; Studies were selected based on the PICO criteria. Keywords pain, pain intensity, acute pain, pregabalin, lower limb, lower limb orthopedics and analgesia were searched in PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, Mag Iran and SID databases; Statistical analyzes were performed using RevMan 5.4 software.

Pain intensity in the second (MD = -0.26 - CI95% = -0.02 to -0.50 and P = 0.04) and sixth (MD = -0.30 -CI95% = -0.29 to -0.30 and P = 0.00001) and the twelfth (MD = -0.53 -CI95% = -0.29
to -0.78 and P = 0.0001) after surgery was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group.

This meta-analysis supports the use of pregabalin before surgery in patients undergoing lower extremity orthopedic surgery and by reducing the intensity of acute pain (pain during the first 12 hours after surgery).

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder in the intestinal-gastric system that is defined by specific intestinal-gastric symptoms without an organic cause. The aim of the research was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on treatment compliance and pain intensity in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

The present study was a semi-experimental research method of pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a 2-month follow-up group. The statistical population of this research was all the patients with irritable bowel syndrome in Isfahan city in 2017, 15 people were selected by the available sampling method and randomly divided into an intervention group using the acceptance and commitment treatment method and a control group. Data were collected using Seyed Fatemi et al. treatment adherence questionnaire (TAQ) (2017) and Durkin et al. pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ-2) (2009). The intervention of acceptance and commitment therapy was carried out during 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week; But the control group did not receive any intervention. The research data was analyzed by variance analysis with repeated measurements.

The findings showed that the acceptance and commitment treatment method is effective on the treatment compliance of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (p<0.05). Also, the treatment method of acceptance and commitment of pain severity in patients with irritable bowel syndrome was effective (P<0.05).

It can be concluded that acceptance and commitment therapy is effective on treatment adherence and pain intensity.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between pain intensity and self-efficacy with fear of movement with the mediation of pain catastrophizing and psychological distress in women with rheumatoid arthritis. The statistical population of this study included women with rheumatism referred to the rheumatology clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital (RA) in Sari city. 224 participants were selected as a sample using the available and purposeful sampling method and answered the questions of Tempa fear of movement scale (Corey et al., 1990), brief pain intensity questionnaire (Cleland, 1991), pain self-efficacy questionnaire ( Nicholas, 1989), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (Sullivan et al., 1995) and the Psychological Distress Scale (Laviband & Laviband, 1995). Data analysis using structural equation modeling showed that pain intensity has a direct effect on fear of movement (p<0.05, β=0.32); Self-efficacy has a direct effect on fear of movement (p<0.05, β=0.42); Pain catastrophizing has a direct effect on fear of movement (p<0.05, β=0.74); Psychological distress has a direct effect on fear of movement (p<0.05, β=0.78). As a result, the model of fear of movement based on pain intensity and self-efficacy is suitable with the mediation of pain catastrophizing and psychological distress in women with rheumatoid arthritis. The findings of this study prove the importance of psychological interventions in reducing physical symptoms in chronic diseases.

Fibromyalgia syndrome is a chronic disease that causes widespread musculoskeletal pain. It primarily affects women and negatively impacts many aspects of a person’s psychological and social life. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness and compassion therapy on automatic negative thoughts, psychological symptoms, pain intensity, and quality of life in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome.

This research is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with two experimental and one control group. The statistical study population consisted of all individuals with fibromyalgia syndrome referred to Mehregan Pain Clinic in Mirdamad (District 3), Seyed Khandan Clinic (District 4), and Taleghani Hospital Pain Clinic (District 1) in Tehran City, Iran. Of them, 30 patients were randomly selected and divided into three groups of experimental 1, experimental 2, and control; each group will include 10 people. The instruments used in this study included the World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL BREF), pain intensity questionnaire (PIS), psychological symptoms questionnaire (Anxiety, Stress and Depression [DASS]), and automatic negative thoughts (QNS).

This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University (Code: IR.IAU.ARAK.REC.1400.005). 

The analysis of covariance showed the effectiveness of both cognitive therapies based on mindfulness and compassion therapy on four variables of pain intensity, psychological symptoms, automatic negative thoughts, and quality of life (P<0.05). Comparing the two intervention methods showed that both therapies had almost the same effect on pain intensity, psychological symptoms, and automatic negative thoughts (P<0.05) but the effectiveness of mindfulness intervention on the quality of life was significantly higher than compassion intervention (P<0.05). 

The results indicate that cognitive therapy based on mindfulness and compassion therapy are suitable for people with fibromyalgia under appropriate treatment.

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of curcumin and ibuprofen on pain control, in terms of pain intensity and duration of analgesia after extraction of the third molar of the mandible in the maxillofacial surgery department of the University School of Dentistry Islamic Azad Medical Sciences in the academic year 1400-1399.

The study was performed as a double-blind randomized clinical trial on 48 patients who were candidates for mandibular third molar surgery. they should also write their pain intensity one hour after taking the second dose of the drug after seeing the first symptoms of pain based on the VAS scale and the duration of their analgesia from the time of taking the drug (which was one hour before surgery for all patients) to the first signs of pain appeared on a piece of paper. Data analysis was performed using Two sample T test power analysis of PASS software version 22.

The results of our study showed that the duration of analgesia after Curcumin use is shorter compared to Ibuprofen (P<0.001). This difference was also statistically significant. Also, after taking the second dose of the drug, patients treated with ibuprofen reported less pain intensity, although this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.39)

 Ibuprofen compared to Curcumin further reduces patients' pain and also has a longer duration of pain for patients after extraction of the third molar of the mandible.

Pain is an unpleasant sensory and both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods are applied in sedation management. The analgesic effect of metoclopramide has been reported in some studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of intrathecal administration of metoclopramide in rats.

In this interventional-experimental study, 30 male rats were divided into five groups (n=6 per group). Groups 1, 2, and 3 received 2.5 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, and 10 mg/kg spinal metoclopramide, respectively. Group 4 received 1 mg/kg lidocaine and group 5 (control) received only distilled water. Pain threshold was measured by tail flick test and pain intensity was measured by formalin test. Quantitative pain intensity was measured every five minutes for one hour. Data analysis was carried out in SPSS V26 applying One-way Analysis of Variance and Kruskal-Wallis test.

The study showed that pain threshold was highest in group 4 that received lidocaine (P= 0.003). There was no significant difference in the onset of pain between the control group and group 1 (P= 0.079). Pain intensity was found to be lower in group 4 than other groups and group 3 (10 mg/kg metoclopramide) compared with groups 1 and 2 )P=0.019).

Metoclopramide is effective in reducing the severity of postoperative pain and higher doses are associated with better results.

Fibromyalgia syndrome is a chronic disease that causes widespread musculoskeletal pain. It primarily affects women and negatively impacts many aspects of a person’s psychological and social life. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness and compassion therapy on automatic negative thoughts, psychological symptoms, pain intensity, and quality of life in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome.

This research is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with two experimental and one control group. The statistical study population consisted of all individuals with fibromyalgia syndrome referred to Mehregan Pain Clinic in Mirdamad (District 3), Seyed Khandan Clinic (District 4), and Taleghani Hospital Pain Clinic (District 1) in Tehran City, Iran. Of them, 30 patients were randomly selected and divided into three groups of experimental 1, experimental 2, and control; each group will include 10 people. The instruments used in this study included the World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL BREF), pain intensity questionnaire (PIS), psychological symptoms questionnaire (Anxiety, Stress and Depression [DASS]), and automatic negative thoughts (QNS).

This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University (Code: IR.IAU.ARAK.REC.1400.005). 
Results The analysis of covariance showed the effectiveness of both cognitive therapies based on mindfulness and compassion therapy on four variables of pain intensity, psychological symptoms, automatic negative thoughts, and quality of life (P<0.05). Comparing the two intervention methods showed that both therapies had almost the same effect on pain intensity, psychological symptoms, and automatic negative thoughts (P<0.05) but the effectiveness of mindfulness intervention on the quality of life was significantly higher than compassion intervention (P<0.05). 

The results indicate that cognitive therapy based on mindfulness and compassion therapy are suitable for people with fibromyalgia under appropriate treatment.