جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "گاستروانتریت" در نشریات گروه "دامپزشکی"

Salmonella is one of the gram-negative pathogens, whose presence in food reduces the quality of production and the occurrence of gastroenteritis in humans. The prevalence of salmonella in dairy products and the antibiotic resistance of this bacterium is one of the current crises. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella Typhimurium and Enteritidis in traditional and industrial dairy products sold in Shahrekord city and the antibiotic resistance of the isolates. In this study, 140 samples from different traditional and industrial dairies were isolated and transferred to the food hygiene laboratory under sterile conditions, and the samples were evaluated for bacterial isolation by standard methods, and the resistance of the isolates was performed by disk diffusion method. took The results showed that out of a total of 60 industrial dairy samples, 2 samples (3.33%) were contaminated and 38 samples (47.5%) out of 80 traditional dairy samples were contaminated with Salmonella, and the highest contamination was related to industrial curd (6.42%). And then there was traditional butter and cheese (71.5%); Also, the highest level of resistance was related to sulfamethoxazole (71%) and the lowest resistance was related to Amoxiclav (50%). The results of this study showed that the detection of bacteria by PCR method is preferable to other traditional methods and considering the high occurrence of antibiotic resistance for the treatment of gastroenteritis caused by salmonella, the use of antibiotics for treatment should be minimized.

Nowadays, due to the existence of different occupations, it is not possible to cook food for all the people of a society, and most of the people have turned to using ready-made foods, which, in addition to all its advantages, can be a source of They are important bacterial contaminations that cause the spread of gastroenteritis. In this regard, the aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of Arcobacter, Pseudomonas, Campylobacter and Bacillus cereus in sandwiches offered in Qom city and the antibiotic resistance of the isolates. 120 samples, including 30 samples of samosas, salads, traditional chicken nuggets, traditional hamburgers from the supply centers of Qom city, were randomly separated and transported to the food hygiene laboratory of Shahrekord Azad University along with ice flasks to prevent secondary contamination. The standards were evaluated. The results showed that Arcobacter 28.83%, Pseudomonas 16.65%, Bacillus cereus 23.35% and Campylobacter 14.75% were the highest and lowest contamination rates for Arcobacter and Campylobacter respectively. The highest level of resistance to antibiotics was related to Bacillus cereus with 78.56% and the lowest resistance was related to Campylobacter with 53.7%. Therefore, it is recommended to reduce the consumption of street food to a minimum, and in case of gastroenteritis caused by food contamination, the use of antibiotics should also be minimized.

Viral gastroenteritis is one of the most common ailments in all age groups acrosdxdxs the globe, and more than 700 million cases of diarrhea occur in children under five years of age. Rotavirus, norovirus, adenovirus and astrovirus are important causes of acute viral gastroenteritis. Co-infection studies have been conducted in Iran in the past, but these studies were limited and heterogeneous. The purpose of this study is to investigate the frequency of co-infection of rotavirus with astrovirus and adenovirus and to investigate clinical parameters such as fever, duration and severity of diarrhea in positive cases of co-infection. In this article, the co-infection of rotavirus with adenovirus and astrovirus among 28 rotavirus positive samples collected from children under five years of age with gastroenteritis was investigated by molecular method. The frequency of simultaneous rotavirus-adenovirus infection was two and rotavirus-astrovirus infection was observed in four children. In addition to this, the documentation available in the patients' files and its relationship with the objectives of the current study show that the positive results of simultaneous infection only increased the duration of diarrhea and did not cause other specific symptoms such as duration of fever and severity of diarrhea. In this study, the sample size was low, but according to the results, it can be said that the current study shows the importance of simultaneous diagnosis of viral diarrhea factors in order to predict the duration of diarrhea and the possibility of other clinical symptoms.

Salmonella is one of the most important pathogenic bacteria common between humans and animals that can cause gastroenteritis and food poisoning in humans. Sporadic cases of Salmonella enteritidis infection occur after egg consumption, which has been described as a public health problem. This study aimed to determine the level of Salmonella contamination of traditional and industrial eggs in Shahrekord. In this study, eggs in Shahrekord were studied for Salmonella contamination. Ten eggs were purchased from stores in the city, of which 5 were traditional, and 5 were industrial. To investigate the contamination of eggs, both the shell and its contents were cultured by standard methods. Out of 10 eggs examined (5 traditional and 5 industrial), one of the traditional eggs tested positive for Salmonella (both the shell and its contents were infected with Salmonella). Based on these results and due to the limited test, the rate of contamination of traditional eggs supplied in Shahrekord is equal to twenty percent. This rate is higher than usual compared to the results of similar experiments compared to other provinces. Due to the Salmonella infection in traditional eggs, it is essential to cook them properly before consumption.

Rotavirus Group A is one of the most important causes of gastroenteritis as it is isolated from 30 to 50% of infant diarrhea from humans and other animals. G genotype of the virus is determined by gene sequence of a surface protein of the virus (VP7), one of the most important factors in inducing immunity against the virus which acts very specific to each genotype.

In the present study the presence of common bovine rotavirus genotypes A was examined in human rotavirus population.

A total of 100 stool samples from children under 2 years of age in Tehran and Varamin were collected and to track the presence of rotavirus A, were evaluated using ELISA method. Positive samples were isolated and cultured on the MA-104 cell line after several passages. The positive samples (49 samples) were determined to be the G type using semi-nested RT-PCR and primers specific for bovine common genotype.

From 100 samples, 49 were positive in ELISA. Eight samples in the first semi nested RT-PCR showed the desired rotavirus bands and in the second round, the results were positive for the presence of bovine VP7 in two samples taken from Varamin, in one sample, G6, and in another sample, two genotypes of VP7, G6 and G8 were detected, indicating infection with at least two strains of human rotavirus reassortant. Six of the ELISA selected positive samples that were taken to the cell line MA104, showed effects of cell damage (CPE) after 4-5 consecutive passages, demonstrating proliferation of the rotaviruses of this study and so, their viability was confirmed.

The results of this study indicate reassortment between bovine and human rotaviruses and show that in case of occurrence of bovine and human rotavirus infection and the emergence of new human type, due to reassortment strain differences in protein immunogen it is possible to overcome due to lack of maternal immunity in the human population and low efficiency of current vaccines and, ultimately, epidemic and considerable losses may occur. Hence, more research is warranted.

Campylobacter is one of the main potentials for causing diarrhea and gastroenteritis in human saityand. One of the main sources of these bacteria is meat. Method and material: 100 samples of broiler’s meat which were slaughtered in slaughter halls all over Rafsanjan city were collected during the first 5 months of the year 1389. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp; Isolated from poultry meat slaughtered in Rafsanjan slaughter houses. During this study، 31 samples (31%) were discovered to be infected and after passing chemical analysis 19 samples (61. 29%) were recognized to be Campylobacter jejuni and 12 samples (38. 71%) were declared Campylobacter coli. Antibacterial sensitity tests revealed that these bacteria are most susceptible to Erythromycin and Ciprofloxacin but resistant to Gentamycin and Co-trimoxazole. This study showed a high contamination of broiler’s meat to the campylobacter which is consumed as a food source. And as favas concerned about the zoonotic nature of this bacteria، it is expected to have a better attention over this matter.

This study was designed to evaluate the epidemiologic status of canine parvovius infection in diarrheic dogs. In an eight month period, blood and fecal samples were collected from 32 out of 387 dogs presented to the Veterinary Clinic of the School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Iran for gasteroenritis sighns including diarrhea and vomiting. These dogs belonged to German shepherd, mixed of German shepherd, Doberman pincher, terrier and mixed breeds. In blood samples, hematological parameters were determined. Diagnosis of disease was based on fecal sample testing by diagnostic kit. Twenty one (66%) out of 32 samples were positive for parvovirus antigen. Hemorrhagic diarrhea was observed in eight cases (38%) of positive samples wheres in only two cases (18.2%) of negative samples. 16 samples (50%) were taken from male dogs and the other samples (16 cases) were from females. Ten males (62.5%) and 11 females (68.8%) were positive for parvovirus antigen. There was no significant correlation between male and female positive cases (P>0.05). 15 cases (3.9%) of the total referred dogs were Doberman pincher and 26% of them were positive for parvovirus antigen. Therefore, the Doberman pincher was the most susceptible bread of dogs refered to this clinic in the present study. Any of CPV positive dogs had received antiparasitic treatment and vaccination against parvoviral virus. 15 out of 32 dogs were treated with cotrimaxasole and 17 others with penicillin -gentamicin. There was no significant difference between the two type of treatment schoudules (P>0.05). There was no significant correlation between the result of test and leukopenia (P>0.05). There was significant correlation between leukopenia and death (P= 0.012).

This study was designed to evaluate the epidemiologic status of canine parvovius infection in diarrheic dogs. In an eight month period, blood and fecal samples were collected from 32 out of 387 dogs presented to the Veterinary Clinic of the School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Iran for gasteroenritis sighns including diarrhea and vomiting. These dogs belonged to German shepherd, mixed of German shepherd Doberman pincher, terrier and mixed breeds. In blood samples, hematological parameters including RBCs count, PCV, WBCs count, lymphocyte, neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil and band neutrophil were determined. Diagnosis of disease was based on fecal sample testing by diagnostic kit. Twenty one (66%) out of 32 samples were positive for parvovirus antigen. Hemorrhagic diarrhea was observed in eight cases (38%) of positive samples wheres in only two cases (18.2%) of negative samples. 16 samples (50%) were taken from male dogs and the other samples (16 cases) were from females. Ten males (62.5%) and 11 females(68.8%) were positive for parvovirus antigen. There was no significant relation between male and female positive cases. 15 cases (3.9%) of the total referred dogs were Doberman pincher and 26% of them were positive for parvovirus antigen. Therefore, the Doberman pincher was the most susceptible bread of dogs refered to this clinic in the present study. Any of CPV positive dogs had received antiparasitic treatment and vaccination against parvoviral virus. 15 out of 32 dogs were treated with cotrimaxasole and 17 others with penicillin -gentamicin. There was no significant difference between the two type of treatment schoudules. There was no significant relation between the result of test and leukopenia. There was significantrelation between leukopenia and death (P= 0.012).