جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « antioxidants » در نشریات گروه « دامپزشکی »

Benzopyrene is known as a carcinogen compound and an increaser of oxidative stress and apoptosis. Rhamnus frangula L. (Siatooseh) contains flavonoids with strong antioxidant activity that protect cells against oxidative stress and cell death. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of Siatooseh against the effects of exposure to benzopyrene (BaP) compared to vitamin E in mice. Male mice were randomly divided into 11 normal control groups, receiving olive oil (benzopyrene solvent), vitamin E, BaP, Siatooseh in three doses, BaP with different doses of Siatooseh, and BaP with vitamin E. In order to compare the average data, statistical tests of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test were used. The results showed that BaP injection significantly decreases antioxidants and increases MDA in blood. These changes were significantly improved in the group exposed to high doses of Siatooseh, while vitamin E treatment was not able to reduce the oxidative stress caused by benzopyrene. The results of this study showed that hydroalcoholic extract of Siatooseh plays an important role against oxidative toxicity caused by benzopyrene by improving antioxidant parameters and reducing lipid peroxidation, which can even work better than vitamin E in laboratory animals.

Canine parvovirus (CPV-1) is a highly contagious viral disease in dogs that usually causes acute gastrointestinal disease in puppies. The disease is more common in dogs aged 6 weeks to 6 months. Antioxidants are compounds that prevent oxidation. Oxidation is a chemical reaction that can produce free radicals, thus leading to chain reactions that may damage the cells of living organisms. Antioxidants such as thiol or ascorbic acid (vitamin C) interrupt these chain reactions. Due to the prevalence of parvovirus in dogs and little research on the effect of antioxidants in controlling or exacerbating the disease, this study was performed to determine the effect of antioxidants in the treatment of this disease. In this study, blood samples were taken from 50 dogs, including 25 dogs with parvovirus disease and 25 healthy dogs with the disease, followed by catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity. Rendox kit spectrophotometry was measured. Statistical results to t-test method and SPSS software version 23 were analyzed. The results showed that the enzymes of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity in the treatment group compared to the control group had a statistically significant decrease and the amount of malondialdehyde increased statistically (P <0.05). The results show that dogs with parvovirus infection are affected by the antioxidant system, so it should be considered in treatment and prevention.

Magnesium is the fourth most abundant cation and the second most abundant intracellular cation in the human body. Magnesium is involved in many essential physiological functions. It is a co-factor for over 300 enzymatic reactions, many of which involve generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), it regulates transmembrane transport of other ions, including calcium and potassium, and stabilizes secondary structures of DNA and RNA. Consequently, magnesium is essential for muscle contraction and relaxation, cardiac rhythm, vascular tone, neurological function, and cell proliferation. Magnesium is required for cell proliferation, cellular energy production, mineral metabolism, bone development, and glucose homeostasis. Nutrition surveys in North America indicate that magnesium consumption is below recommended intakes for a large segment of the population. Furthermore, diseases such as type 2 diabetes and use of certain medications can increase magnesium loss and predispose individuals to magnesium deficiency. The low magnesium intakes in comparison to current recommendations combined with the high prevalence of factors that can increase magnesium requirements raise a concern about widespread Mg deficiency. Biochemical data lend further support. Hypomagnesemia exists in the general population and the incidence is high in certain subpopulations. Since magnesium is required for many enzymatic reactions, Magnesium deficiency can presumably affect numerous physiological processes. Some studies have reported changes in body composition with dietary magnesium restriction. In rats, maternal and postnatal feeding of a magnesium-deficient diet decreased body weight, lean body mass, and fat-free mass and increased percentage body fat in the offspring. In contrast, body weight, fat mass, and lean mass were similar in rats fed a high-fat diet containing normal or low magnesium beginning after weaning. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrinological disorder in reproductive-age women and is often associated with metabolic syndrome. Evidence suggests that oxidative stress and low degrees of chronic inflammation play an important role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. PCOS is the most common endocrine disorder in premenopausal women. PCOS is a common and multifactorial disease that affects approximately 4-18% of all reproductive-aged women in the world. In the clinic, hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance appear to be the major etiological drivers for reproductive and metabolic abnormalities in women with PCOS. While it is believed that anovulation is the main reason for infertility in PCOS patients, accumulating evidence from clinical studies also indicates that the impairment of endometrial function likely causes recurrent pregnancy loss, premature delivery, endometrial hyperplasia, and carcinoma in women with PCOS. Additionally, several lines of evidence suggest that the systemic low-grade inflammation that often coincides with PCOS compromises multiple aspects of fertility. A deficiency in the activity of aromatase was one reasonable intraovarian disturbance in steroidogenesis thought to cause PCOS. Because aromatase catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of oestrogens from androgens, a decrease in the activity of this enzyme could be expected to result in increased ovarian androgen production and development of PCOS. The purpose of this study, the effect of magnesium sulfate on letrozole-induced oxidative stress was investigated in ovarian tissue of adult female Wistar rats.

In this study, a total of 36 female rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 6: The normal control group (intact), the healthy experimental group (magnesium sulfate 100 mg/kg body weight, gavage), ovarian damage control group (letrozole 1 mg/kg body weight, gavage), ovarian damage experimental group (magnesium sulfate 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight together letrozole). The animals were euthanized 24 h after the last dose of the treatment on day 31. Ovaries were immediately obtained after the animals were sacrificed. The ovaries were homogenized and centrifuged. The supernatant was used to assay the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in ovarian tissue were investigated. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey test. The criterion was significant

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of Myrtle leaf powder on quantitative and qualitative parameters of sperm, antioxidant capacity of semen plasma, and blood superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) in Arabi ram in non-breeding season. 12 adult Arabic rams were used in 3 experimental treatments with 4 replicates per treatment. The treatments consisted of 3 levels of Myrtle leaf powder (0, 12.5 and 25 g/kg of DM). After 42 days feeding of experimental treatments, semen samples were collected and blood samples were obtained once a week for 4 consecutive weeks and the quantitative and qualitative parameters of sperm and total antioxidant capacity of semen were measured. Also, blood samples were subjected to measure testosterone level and SOD activity. 25 g/kg of myrtle powder had the best effect on improvement the sperm and semen characteristics include the motility (73.88%), viability (74.19%), morphological defects (10%), plasma membrane integrity (43.38%), semen volume (1.91 ml) and spermatozoa concentration (1.39 × 109/ml) as well as increased the seminal plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (109.38 μmol/litr) and blood plasma SOD (500.19 U/ml) (p < 0.05). The blood sera testosterone concentration was not affected by treatments. A positive and significant correlation was found between the TAC and SOD with quantitative and qualitative parameters of sperm in Arabi ram (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the use of Myrtle leaf powder in diet improved reproductive performance, seminal plasma TAC and blood SOD activity in Arabi ram. The best result was obtained from 25 g/kg of this plant.

Corneal ulcer is one of the most common eye diseases, which can be caused by trauma, chemical agents, and some bacteria, viruses, and chlamydia. Treatment of corneal ulcer has been always a concern in ophthalmology. This concern is due to the major role of cornea in providing and preserving normal vision. Alkali-induced corneal ulcer creates an intense inflammatory reaction to traumatic injuries and this intense inflammation can inhibit the natural epithelial growth and cause fibrosis or scar on cornea.Cornea is an organ in the eye that creates a smooth and clear surface and so, it provides the possibility of light regularly passing through the eye. Any injury of this layer eliminates its transparency and protective capacity. Cornea has few cells and no vessels. Various bacterial, viral, parasitic, and fungal agents can cause severe infections in cornea. After the occurrence of corneal injury, the cells surrounding the injured area including epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells try to improve the injury by cell division and calling the immune system cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, and monocytes; as a result of this process, the injured area becomes inflamed and edematous. In most cases, due to basic membrane decay and leakage of proteinase, epithelial cells will not be able to provide the connections required for retrieving the layers. So, the distance between epithelial cells increase and the bond between them become weak. As a result of corneal ulcer, increased activity of destructive proteinases and decreased activity of proteases leads to rapid detachment of collagen and other extracellular components of corneal matrix. Significant increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased oxidative condition, and decreased components of antioxidant system occur following corneal injury. In histological studies, various cells of immune system including neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages are found in cornea. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased oxidative stress, and decreased components of antioxidant system are observed in pathologic conditions and in the case of corneal injury. Various studies have reported the role of antioxidants in prevention and treatment of corneal ulcer. The recent studies have indicated that folic acid restores decreased enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. also, its improving effect is due to inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of folic acid on corneal burn ulcer healing in 20 adult New Zealand white rabbits in similar weight and age range. The pure folic acid powder needed for this study was purchased from Sigma-USA Co. After general anesthesia, corneal ulcer was induced in the left eye of all rabbits and immediately fluoresce in staining was done to ensure that all of the ulcers were identical in size (6 mm). The rabbits were then divided into four equal groups including three experimental groups and a control group. After the surgery, the experimental groups (first to third groups) were gavaged with 2, 5 and 10 mg/kg body weight folic acid every day for 21 days. Histopathology At the end of the third week, the animals were anesthetized and the eye balls were harvested. After the eyeballs were isolated, the specimens were placed in 10% formalin. After the specimens were fixed in the laboratory, the corneal ulcer was isolated from eyeball. After preparation, the paraffin block sections of 4 microns were prepared and stained using Masson's trichrome staining method. In histopathological grading, the indices affecting wound healing, including angiogenesis, the absence of epithelial layers, corneal edema (stromal edema), irregularities in collagen filaments, and presence or absence of inflammatory cells were investigated. Results and

The histopathological studies showed that vascularization, inflammation, and corneal matrix edema were significantly reduced, but the epithelium of cornea was increased in folic acid treated rabbits compared to control group (p

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a medicinal plant and pungent food spice, which has antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ginger on antioxidant status of blood in healthy sheep. In this study, dried ginger root powder was added to the ration of 10 male yearling sheep (treatment group), at the rate of 1g/head/day for a period of 2 months. In the second group (n = 10 sheep), a single dose of vitamin E+selenium injection was administered intramuscularly (positive control group) and the control group (n=10 sheep) received no medication or special additives. Blood samples were collected regularly at 2 week intervals and enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant levels were measured. Ginger increased total antioxidant capacity of serum and blood levels of SOD, GPX and CAT, which was significant compared to the control group (p<0.05). At the end of the experiment, blood levels of SOD and GPX in ginger group were significantly less than the positive control (vitamin E+selenium) group. However, serum total antioxidant capacity of ginger medicated sheep was significantly higher than the positive control group (p<0.05). Blood catalase level was not significantly different between treatment and positive control groups. Our results showed that the addition of powdered ginger root to sheep diet could increase the blood antioxidant capacity. However, further investigations are needed to determine the optimal dose of ginger. Overall, this study suggests that ginger can be used as a dietary supplement to boost the antioxidant capacity of sheep.

The naturally occurring antioxidants: vitamin E, β-carotene and vitamin C are known to ameliorate the oxidative stress generated during various physiological and pathological conditions. The oxidative stress may occur at different sites, different times, and by different mechanisms in the animal system. Lower levels of the anti-oxidant vitamins are associated with poor fertility and production levels in ruminants. These antioxidants need to be replenished/regenerated or supplemented at appropriate timings in order to optimize the ruminant health and productive/reproductive performance.