جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « انتخابات » در نشریات گروه « روابط عمومی، ارتباطات، رسانه »

Presidential elections in Iran have been accompanied by unique events in the history of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this process, numerous unprecedented movements were formed against the political system. This study looks into the media practices of BBC Persian TV during the tenth presidential elections in Iran. It is a kind of field research and the method is descriptive survey. The population and sample include the experts of social, military, security and media issues and psychological operations. The sample consisted of 37 subjects selected through the availability sampling technique. Then, the required data were collected on the basis of a researcher-made questionnaire containing 25 items. Based on the respondents’ answers and the Friedman Test, BBC Persian TV utilized a range of PSYOP techniques in 2010 presidential elections, which have been identified and introduced here in the order of the most-frequently used and the most-frequently used ones.

2009 presidential elections and the events surrounding it involve many complications and, yet, are important enough to be reviewed and evaluated repeatedly. Hence, the present study intends to answer the following questions: 1) To what extent did impact message on attitude formation affect the 2009 presidential elections?, 2) Which strategies neutralize message impact on attitude formation? To answer the first question, first, message impact on the shaping of the attitudes of the protesters was examined from cognitive, affective and behavioral perspectives and to answer the second question, the hard and soft strategies required to neutralize the devastating impact of message on the shaping of the attitudes were addressed. The present study is an applied research work and was carried out using the descriptive survey method. The results showed that, based on the respondents’ evaluation, the magnitude of message impact on the formation of the three dimensions of the protesters’ attitudes (cognitive, affective and behavioral), with a mean of 3.94, was above the average and significant at 99% confidence level. Also, the results of the dependent t-test indicated that, with regard to confrontation strategies, the impact of the soft dimension, with a mean of 4.10, was above the average and significant at 95% confidence level. However, the impact of the hard dimension, with a mean of 3.17, was slightly above the average and not significant at 95% confidence level.

Propaganda tools have been called deliberate and functional instruction and interaction and influence mechanisms. Television is among the most important propaganda tools and plays an important role in introducing the plans of the candidates and clarifying their views during election days. As a case study, the present research work examines the similarities and differences of satellite TV political propaganda and exploitation of various TV propaganda techniques. Using comparative analysis and content analysis, the propaganda mechanisms of a number of satellite networks in various elections of the Islamic Republic of Iran have been studied.

Following the Islamic Revolution, the way was paved for people's participation in various fields, especially in the political arena, decision-making processes, policy making, and in managing the community. Hence, on average, these has been one election each year since the victory of the Islamic Revolution and people’s participation in the elections has continued to be a significant support mechanism for the existing political system. The Western states assumed that the events following the presidential elections in 2010, which resulted from some political elite’s negligence and ignorance, would diminish national trust, legitimacy, efficacy, and coherence between the people and the ruling system. Given that the security challenges of the elections can damage the core objectives of soft security, including national morale, trust, participation, solidarity, public opinion, political strength, etc., and considering the complexity of the atmosphere of the ninth parliamentary elections, the supreme leader has stressed guarding against the creation of a security atmosphere in the elections. Under this condition, some important questions arise: what are the opportunities and challenges of the coming elections? What kinds of strategies are needed to run lively elections with the maximum participation of people and with no security challenges? The present article delves into the ninth parliamentary elections and its likely security challenges following a soft security approach and provides some suggestions for guarding against the creation of a security atmosphere in the elections.

Following the victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran, the West felt it was being threatenedby its cultural impacts and made every possible attempt to alter the structure of the Islamic Republic by making it change its behavior. However, the policies and management strategies of the great leader of the revolution, Imam Khomeini (rah.), and the Supreme Leader, Imam Khamenei, as well as the resistance of the Iranians made the attempts of the hegemonic system fail. Accordingly, feeling threatened by the Islamic Republic, the West followed every possible action ranging from hard, semi-hard to soft measures in order to overthrow the Islamic government in Iran. Taking advantage of the international, regional and domestic potentials, the U.S. imposed the heaviest pressures on Iran by carrying out the Delta Project and media battle. The context of elections in Iran and the existence of a favorable background for their activities made the West utilize the Internet to accomplish their goals. The present study attempts to deal with this question: “What is the role of the enemy’s utilization of the Internet in the unrests following the elections in Iran?” The findings of this study suggest that the measures taken in cyberspace, launching and supporting various blogs and websites and taking advantage of the web 2 are all indications of the hegemonic system’s full use of the Internet in the unrests following the presidential elections in Iran and its impact on training their agents, providing information for them, coordinating them, running psychological operations, etc. It can be said that the Internet has been of a special interest for the West due to its multimedia function and wide range of potentials and capabilities which are not confined by the time and space boundaries. This has caused the Islamic Republic of Iran to pay a special attention to the Internet, too and take a serious approach towards it.

Elections are considered as a big legitimacy test for the ruling system in every country; hence, regardless of who or which political party wins the elections, people’s participation in elections and their number of votes enhance the growth and dynamism of the political atmosphere of every society. It further indicates that the ruling system has the necessary degree of authority to tolerate the political factions. On the other hand, people’s participation in elections is a subject of study in different sciences such as political sciences, social psychology and sociology. Although the studies conducted in this context have produced more or less differing results and opinions and have consequently made the coherent tapping of this social phenomenon difficult, the opinions and theories presented in each study field can contribute to its phenomenology. Given the fact that following the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran, a numberof elections have been held across the country each year, the scientific and systematic study of this phenomenon seems to be necessary so that the behavior of the participants can be analyzed and the strengths and weaknesses of the elections planning can be found out. The present article attempts to fulfill this objective by studying the aforementioned attitudes.

The tenth presidential elections in Iran witnessed candidate's debates for the first time which led to creation of a new decision-making setting for the people. The debates created a political culture and contributed to people's participation in elections as well. The method utilized to investigate this phenomenon is survey type descriptive research along with some field work. A group of 249 people (including students, military personnel, businessmen, housewives, jobless people, etc.) residing in district four of Tehran served as the random sample for this study.The data collection instrument was a self-made questionnaire including a total of 19 questions and with Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 83. The results indicate that, based on the respondent's evaluation, seven out of the eight variables of the study were significantly higher than the mean and one variable (the negative points of the debates) was significantly lower than the mean. The results of the dependent t-test also showed that the observed differences by the assumed mean (number 3) are significant at 0/99 percent confidence level.