Antibacterial Effects of Different Fractions of Extract of Falcaria vulgaris Bernh Fruits and Bioautography of Its Effective Fraction

ʺGhaze-yaghiʺ with scientific name of Falcaria Vulgaris Bernh has different uses in Iranian traditional medicine such as treatment of skin trauma, gastric and liver disorders. In this study, antibacterial effects of different extract of Falcaria Vulgaris fruits were investigated. Methanolic extraction of the fruits of was fractionated using different solvents including petroleum ether, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate. After drying and concentrating minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of crude extract was determined using agar dilution method. Disk diffusion method was used to study antibacterial effects of fractions against 8 standard bacterial strains. Constituent compounds of the most effective fraction were separated on silica gel chromatography plates, using thin layer chromatography (TLC) method. Then chromatograms were analyzed using immersion bioautography. According to disk diffusion method, ethyl acetate fraction was the most effective extract. In bioautography of this fraction, antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeroginosa was appeared in Rf: 0.9. In addition, S. aureus and S. epidermidis dishes did not show any growth in the site of fraction loading. Some components in ethyl acetate fraction of Falcaria Vulgaris Bernh have synergism effects against gram positive bacteria (S.aureus, S.epidermidis), while they show antagonistic effects against gram negative ones (K.pneumonia, P.aeroginosa).