The Study of Caspian Sea Salt Water Intrusion to Ghaemshahr Plain Aquifer

Ghaemshahr plain faces salt water intrusion due to geological, hydro geological, hydrological and regional conditions, human factors and nearness to Caspian Sea. This plain is located at the northwest of Iran in Mazandaran state and near Caspian Sea with longitude 52°- 35' to 53°-23' east and latitude 35°-44' to 36°-47' north geography situation. These studies using of geophysical, geological and chemical analysis information are drown graphs and maps based on salt water intrusion. These studies show that excessive discharge, continual drought and unsuitable watering methods have led to decrease of access level and therefore, intrusion of salt water into aquifer during the last 40 years. Besides, during different geologic periods, Caspian Sea had undergone much regression and transgression, so some water of this sea remained in Absheron formation sediments and is covered by new Caspian formation above sediments. That’s why connate water aquifer in the different parts of plain was created. The water of these aquifer, because of decreasing fresh water’s vertical pressure or spray method and ions change at the middle parts of plain, entered to fresh water aquifer and changed fresh water to salt water. On the basis of these results it is necessary to control discharge water and regulate watering methods based on agricultural manners. Selecting a suitable method for artificial recharge nearness heights based on access level situation in recharge region is very important, because Ghaemshahr’s aquifer plain is faced with crisis position, so if these practices go on, these aquifers are wiped out in the near future and due to population growth, the expansion of lands under cultivation and continual drought.