Clinical significance and characteristics of Community-Acquired Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA_MRSA)

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of nosocomial infections all around the world. MRSAs are usually present in health care centers and hospitals. Nowadays Methicillin-resistant MRSAs in two groups of Healthcare Associated MRSA (HA_MRSA) and Community Associated MRSA (CA_MRSA)were studied. Predisposing factors for HA_MRSA infections included hemodialysis, surgery, residence in a long-term care facility or hospitalization during the previous year, the presence of an indwelling catheter or a percutaneous device at the time of culture, or previous isolation of MRSA from the patient. All other MRSA infections in the absence of any risk factors for HA_MRSA were considered to be CA_MRSA. The skin and soft tissue infections, fasciitis necrotizing, Severe Sepsis, septic thrombophlebitis. are caused by CA_MRSA mainly in neonates, old people, Athletes, Household contacts of MRSA, SSTI patients, Emergency department patients, Urban undeserved communities, Detainees in prison, Cystic fibrosis patients, military personnel, Men who have sex with men, HIV patients, Veterinarians, livestock handlers, and pet owners, The respiratory CA_MRSA infections can cause fatal necrotizing pneumonia because of Panton- Valentine leukocidin (PVL) toxin PVL toxin was produced by a majority of CA_MRSA, while HA_MRSA rarely produce this toxin. This paper was discussed the pathogenesis, antibiotic resistance and antibiotic treatment of CA_MRSAs.