Concept of water institution and take a look at the experiences in water institutional reforms in different countries

The water crisis is usually described as the imbalance between supply and demand when this problem is beyond a physical or hydrological phenomenon. The water crisis is rise out of a big gap in the organizational and economic aspects of the development, allocation, utilization and management of water resources. So to overcome the current deficit water situation it is required to do organizational reforms to update the water institution, in addition to investigate the current status of rights, policies and management of water resources. The main goal of this research was to study the meaning and concept of the water institution and water institutional reforms in different countries. Although this work was a review in view of data collection, but it is practicable. To achieve the objectives, analysis was done with emphasis on definition of water institution and its reforms. Reviewing the experience of countries shows that water institutional reforms have been done to improve water efficiency, effectiveness, sustainability and reduce governmental cost. In addition, equity and justice could be seen in some countries. To increase the required efficiency and security for investment in water resources, there should be transparent and compulsory rules and these rules must be revised over time.