The Effects of Paratexts in Shaping or Falsification of the theme: the study of dualism in Chess with the Doomsday Machine through its paratexts

It seems to be a dualism when reading Chess with the Doomsday Machine both in the text images and the narrator `s view point. The theme of this story is the eight-year War of Iran and suppose to follow the typical novels of Holy Defence genre whome the mose significant theme is the human beings` devine choice of sacrifice; on the other hand, there are absurd philosophy in the text in which wars and the whole creation, are fated goins-on. This dualism gets stronger in paratexts of the novel. Paratexte, in Genette `s theory, are the means by which a text makes a book of itself and proposes itself as such to its readers, and more generally to the public. While inner paratexts of the novel, like the title, the cover and its appendages and epigraphs, show absurd viewpoint, its outer ones, such as the dedication of the work, notes of the author and The publisher's propaganda, try to misrpresent it as a work with the Holy Defence discourse. Some of this dualism is because of the style of putting an end to the story and some is due to the authorial out-of-text acts such as choosing such publisher as Sure-ye Mehr which is famous for its idiological books. It seems that the dualism of the paratexts of Chess with the Doomsday Machine is a result of the author `s insight into the different types of readers whome their satisfaction has been the author `s concerns.